Table of keyboard shortcuts

Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Hatnote".Script error: No such module "For".

In computing, a keyboard shortcut is a sequence or combination of keystrokes on a computer keyboard which invokes commands in software.

Most keyboard shortcuts require the user to press a single key or a sequence of keys one after the other. Other keyboard shortcuts require pressing and holding several keys simultaneously (indicated in the tables below by the + sign). Keyboard shortcuts may depend on the keyboard layout.

Comparison of keyboard shortcuts

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Keyboard shortcuts are a common aspect of most modern operating systems and associated software applications. Their use is pervasive enough that some users consider them an important element of their routine interactions with a computer. Whether used as a matter of personal preference or for adaptive technology, the pervasiveness of common conventions means that a meaningful comparison of keyboard shortcuts can be made across various widely used operating systems.

General shortcuts

Many shortcuts (such as Script error: No such module "key"., Script error: No such module "key"., etc.) are just common conventions and are not handled by the operating system. Whether such commands are implemented (or not) depends on how an actual application program (such as an editor) is written and the frameworks used. Not all applications/frameworks follow (all of) these conventions, so if it doesn't work, it isn't compatible.

Some of the combinations are not true for localized versions of operating systems. For example, in a non-English version of Windows, the Edit menu is not always bound to the Script error: No such module "key". shortcut.

Some software (such as KDE) allow their shortcuts to be changed, and the below list contains the defaults.

Action	Windows	macOS^{[notes 1]}	Linux	Emacs	Vim	ChromeOS
File menu	Script error: No such module "key"., or Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 2]}	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (gvim) or Script error: No such module "key". (vim + NERDTree)	Script error: No such module "key".
Edit menu	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 2]}	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (gvim)
View menu	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 2]}	Script error: No such module "key".
Undo the last operation	Script error: No such module "key"., or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Redo the last operation	Script error: No such module "key"., or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., or Script error: No such module "key".	Template:Smalldiv	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Cut the selection and store it in the clipboard	Script error: No such module "key"., or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". to cut in register "a" or Script error: No such module "key". to cut in system clipboard	Script error: No such module "key".
Copy the selection into the clipboard	Script error: No such module "key"., or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Paste contents of clipboard at cursor	Script error: No such module "key".,or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". to paste the content of the "a" register or Script error: No such module "key". to paste the content of the system clipboard	Script error: No such module "key".
Paste special	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Select all in focused control or window	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., unlikely ever needed as most commands take an optional range parameter. Script error: No such module "key". means "all in focused windows" here so e.g. to copy all the text, use Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Cycle through installed keyboard languages / input methods	Script error: No such module "key"., Script error: No such module "key"., Script error: No such module "key"., Script error: No such module "key". Script error: No such module "key". changes between languages while Script error: No such module "key". changes between keyboard layouts of the same language. The latter two display a menu with the currently selected input method highlighted, and debuted in Windows 8. Script error: No such module "key". goes through the list backwards. For the first two shortcuts going backwards is done by using the right Script error: No such module "key". key instead of the left.	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". on older devices (not MBR) Configure desired keypress in Keyboard and Mouse Preferences, Keyboard Shortcuts, Select the next source in Input menu.^[1]	Script error: No such module "key". via KDE Keyboard Script error: No such module "key". in GNOME	Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key".
Print	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".			Script error: No such module "key".
Open Help Menu			Script error: No such module "key". in GNOME			Script error: No such module "key".
Windows Mobility Center	Windows 7: Script error: No such module "key". Windows 10: Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".
PowerUser (WinX) Menu	Windows 10: Script error: No such module "key".
Restart Video Driver	Windows 10: Template:Key press^[2]^[3]

System navigation

Power management

Action	Windows	macOS	Linux	ChromeOS
Place computer into sleep/standby mode	Windows 10: Script error: No such module "key". > Script error: No such module "key". > Script error: No such module "key". Windows 7: Script error: No such module "key". Script error: No such module "key". (available on some keyboards)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (available on some keyboards, configurable in Control Panel ➢ Power Options ➢ Advanced tab dialog box)
Shut down computer	Windows 10: Script error: No such module "key". > Script error: No such module "key". > Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (no confirmation, shutdown is immediate)	Script error: No such module "key". (KDE; no confirmation, shutdown is immediate) (GNOME; there is no default shortcut)^[6]	Script error: No such module "key". (Hold for 10 seconds)
Restart computer	Windows 10: Script error: No such module "key". > Script error: No such module "key". > Script error: No such module "key". Windows 7: Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".^[7] or Script error: No such module "key". (no confirmation, restart is immediate)	Script error: No such module "key". (KDE; no confirmation, restart is immediate)
Place display in sleep mode		Script error: No such module "key".		where is lined
Bring up power/sleep dialog box		Script error: No such module "key".
Force shutdown	Script error: No such module "key". (Hold for several seconds)	Script error: No such module "key". or Hold Script error: No such module "key". for 10 seconds		Script error: No such module "key".

Screenshots

Action	Windows	macOS	Linux	ChromeOS
Save screenshot of entire screen as file	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".^[8]	Script error: No such module "key".^[9]	Script error: No such module "key".
Copy screenshot of entire screen to clipboard	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Copy screenshot of active window to clipboard	Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key".
Save screenshot of window as file		Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key". then move mouse and click	Script error: No such module "key". (GNOME)	Script error: No such module "key". then move mouse and click
Copy screenshot of window to clipboard		Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key". then move mouse and click	Script error: No such module "key". (GNOME)	Script error: No such module "key". then move mouse and click
Save screenshot of arbitrary area as file		Script error: No such module "key". then click+drag mouse over required area	Script error: No such module "key". click+drag mouse over required area, then Script error: No such module "key". (GNOME)	Script error: No such module "key". then click+drag mouse over required area
Copy screenshot of arbitrary area to clipboard (Snip)	Windows 10: Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". then click+drag mouse over required area	Script error: No such module "key". click+drag mouse over required area, then Script error: No such module "key". (GNOME)	Script error: No such module "key". then click+drag mouse over required area
Screencasting			Script error: No such module "key". (GNOME^[10]^[11])	Script error: No such module "key". then select the Screen Record button on the toolbar
Screenshot Utility		Script error: No such module "key".^[12]	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Save screenshot of the Touch Bar as file		Script error: No such module "key".^[13]

Text editing

Many of these commands may be combined with Script error: No such module "key". to select a region of text.^[14]^[15]^{[notes 6]}

In macOS, holding Script error: No such module "key". while dragging mouse can be used to invert selection, and holding Script error: No such module "key". can be used to select by rectangular area in some apps. (These two functionalities may be combined).

In macOS, the default text editing keyboard shortcuts in Cocoa text views can be overridden and new custom shortcuts can be created, by creating and editing related configuration files.^[16]^{[notes 7]}

Action	Windows	macOS^{[notes 1]}	Linux	Emacs	Vim	ChromeOS
Delete char to the right of cursor	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".
Delete word to the right of cursor	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (delete space too) or Script error: No such module "key". (keep space)	Script error: No such module "key".
Delete word to the left of cursor	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (delete space too) or Script error: No such module "key". (keep space)	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to start of line	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (go to start of line) or Script error: No such module "key". (go to start of paragraph)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (go to first non-space) or Script error: No such module "key". (go to column 0)	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to end of line	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (go to end of line) or Script error: No such module "key". (go to end of paragraph)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to start of document	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to end of document	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to previous word	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to next word	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to previous line	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to next line	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to previous line break (paragraph)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (kword or GNOME)	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to next line break	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (kword or GNOME)	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Move the cursor down the length of the viewport	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Move the cursor up the length of the viewport	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Find	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". (search with current selection)	Script error: No such module "key". Script error: No such module "key". (GNOME; interactive search)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to next search result	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (GNOME) or Script error: No such module "key". (KDE)^[17]	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".
Go to previous search result	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (GNOME) or Script error: No such module "key". (KDE)^[17]	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".
Search and replace	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (GNOME) or Script error: No such module "key". (KDE)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 8]}	Script error: No such module "key".
Search with a regular expression				Script error: No such module "key".	All searches use regular expressions.
Search and replace with a regular expression				Script error: No such module "key".	All searches use regular expressions.
Emoji Picker	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".				Script error: No such module "key".

Text formatting

Action	Windows WordPad	macOS^{[notes 1]}	Linux^[18]	Emacs	Vim
Bold	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".
Underline	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".
Italic	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".
Uppercase / Lowercase	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".+Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". for upper, Script error: No such module "key". for lower, Script error: No such module "key". for capitalized.	Script error: No such module "key". for upper, Script error: No such module "key". for lower, Script error: No such module "key". to toggle.
Superscript	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (some applications only)	Script error: No such module "key".^[19]
Subscript	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (some applications only)	Script error: No such module "key".^[19]
Selected text larger/smaller	Script error: No such module "key"., Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key"., Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key"., Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". Script error: No such module "key".
Selected text Bullets or Numbered Items	Script error: No such module "key".
Insert Linebreak/Newline	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 5]} or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 5]} (may be able to skip some editor-defined input processing)	Script error: No such module "key".
Insert Unicode	Script error: No such module "key". + character codepoint	Script error: No such module "key". + character codepoint ("Unicode Hex Input" must be added and active as current input source)	Script error: No such module "key". + character codepoint	Script error: No such module "key".+Script error: No such module "key". + character codepoint	Script error: No such module "key". + character codepoint

Browsers / Go menu

Action	Windows	macOS	Linux	ChromeOS
Go to Address Bar	Script error: No such module "key".+Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".+Script error: No such module "key"., Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". depending on language	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".+Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".+Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".
Go to the previous location in history^[20]	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to the next location in history	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". (web browser only)	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go up one level in the navigation hierarchy	Script error: No such module "key". (Vista, 7, 8 or 10 only) or Script error: No such module "key". (Windows Explorer)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to the starting page defined by the user or application	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (KDE) / Script error: No such module "key". (GNOME)	Script error: No such module "key".

Web browsers

Action	Windows	macOS	Linux	Emacs-w3m	Vimperator	ChromeOS
Bookmarks menu	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (Firefox)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .com)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 5]} (Firefox) or Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 5]} (Chrome)	Script error: No such module "key".			Script error: No such module "key".
URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .org)		Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 5]} (Firefox)	Script error: No such module "key".
URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .net)		Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 5]} (Firefox)	Script error: No such module "key".
Add bookmark for current page	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Add bookmark for current link				Script error: No such module "key".
Manage bookmarks	Script error: No such module "key". (MS Edge/Chrome/Firefox) or Script error: No such module "key". (Internet Explorer)	Script error: No such module "key". (Chrome/Safari) or Script error: No such module "key". (Firefox)	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".			Script error: No such module "key".
Move focus to Web search bar	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (Opera) or Script error: No such module "key". (Firefox) or Script error: No such module "key". (Safari/Chrome)	Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key". (open in a new tab) or Script error: No such module "key". (open in current tab)	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".
Move focus to address bar	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". to alter URL, use Script error: No such module "key". to copy it.	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".
Refresh a webpage	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".
Refresh a webpage ignoring cache	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Open a new window	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (Chrome, hold shift to open new window in Incognito)	Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Zoom Options (zoom in / zoom out / zoom 100%)	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". (text only) or Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". (text and images)	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".

Tab management

Action	Windows	macOS	Linux	Emacs-w3m	Vimperator	ChromeOS
New tab	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Close tab	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". Firefox^[21] & Opera^[22] & Chrome^[23] & GNOME Web^[24] & Midori Script error: No such module "key". Firefox^[21] & Opera^[22] & Chrome^[23]		Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Close all tabs but the current one		Script error: No such module "key". (Safari)		Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".
Go to next tab	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". (Safari)	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to previous tab	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". (Safari)	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to tab-Template:Mvar^{[notes 9]}	Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 9]} (MS Edge,Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer)	Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 9]} (Chrome)	Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 9]} (Chrome, Firefox) or Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 9]} (Chrome)		First tab: Script error: No such module "key". Last tab: Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Go to last tab	Script error: No such module "key". (Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer)	Script error: No such module "key". (Chrome)	Script error: No such module "key". (Chrome, Firefox) or Script error: No such module "key". (Chrome)			Script error: No such module "key".
Move a tab to the left^{[notes 9]}	Script error: No such module "key". (MS Edge,Chrome, Firefox)
Move a tab to the right^{[notes 9]}	Script error: No such module "key". (MS Edge,Chrome, Firefox)
Open a previously closed tab	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (Firefox, Opera, Chrome)	Script error: No such module "key". (Firefox, Opera, Chrome)^[23]^[21]^[22]	Script error: No such module "key". (Firefox)^[21]	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Open a previously closed window	Script error: No such module "key". (Firefox)^[21]					Script error: No such module "key".

Window management


Action	Windows	macOS^{[notes 1]}	KDE	GNOME	Emacs	ChromeOS
Force window mode (Application requires functionality for set action)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 5]} or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".
Pop up window menu	Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".
Close the focused window	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 10]}	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Close all windows of current application		Script error: No such module "key".				Script error: No such module "key".
Restore the focused window to its previous size	Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 10]}		Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key"., then letter of the window state register.
Move the focused window	Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 10]} then Script error: No such module "key".. Press Script error: No such module "key". to save new location and Script error: No such module "key". to cancel		Script error: No such module "key".+Mouse / Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".+Mouse / Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".
Resize the focused window	Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 10]} then Script error: No such module "key".. Script error: No such module "key". to save new size and Script error: No such module "key". to cancel		Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".+Right Mouse Button^{[notes 11]}	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key". vertically	Script error: No such module "key". (snap window to right half of screen), Script error: No such module "key". (snap window to left half of screen)
Keep window always on top	Script error: No such module "key". (toggles on/off)
Hide the focused window		Script error: No such module "key". (Hides all windows of the currently active application)			Script error: No such module "key"., then bury-buffer, then Script error: No such module "key".
Hide all except the focused window		Script error: No such module "key".
Put the focused window furthest back (in tab order and Z axis)	Script error: No such module "key".
Minimize the focused window	Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 10]} or Script error: No such module "key". (Windows Vista Home Premium, Windows 7+)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then bury-buffer, then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Maximize the focused window	Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 10]} or Script error: No such module "key". (Windows 7+)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Maximize horizontally			Available, but no default	Available, but no default
Maximize vertically	Script error: No such module "key". (Windows 7+)	Available ('Zoom'), but no default	Available, but no default	Available, but no default
Minimize all	Script error: No such module "key". (minimize all windows) or Script error: No such module "key". (show desktop)	Script error: No such module "key".	Available, but no default
Minimize all non focused windows	Script error: No such module "key". (Windows 7+)		Available, but no default
Undo minimize all	Script error: No such module "key".		Available, but no default
Switch fullscreen/normal size	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". (UWP apps only)	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key".
Show the window in full screen mode, with no border, menubar, toolbar or statusbar		Depends on application, system default: Script error: No such module "key". and Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Show all open windows	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner^[25]^[26]		Script error: No such module "key". works per desktop on Gnome 3+	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Show all windows of current application	⊞ Win+Tab ↹	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner^[25]^[26]		Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".
Show all workspaces	Script error: No such module "key". (Windows 10)	Script error: No such module "key". or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner^[25]^[26]		Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key".
Move window to left/right/up/down workspace	Script error: No such module "key"./Script error: No such module "key". (Windows 7+)		Available, but no default	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key"./Script error: No such module "key".
Move window between multiple monitors	Script error: No such module "key"./Script error: No such module "key". (Windows 7+)			Script error: No such module "key"./Script error: No such module "key"./Script error: No such module "key"./Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key".
Move window to workspace Template:Mvar			Available, but no default
Switch to next/previous workspace list			Available, but no default
Go to workspace Template:Mvar		Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".			Script error: No such module "key".
Go to left/right/up/down workspace	^{[notes 12]}	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". (OS X 10.5 to 10.6), Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". (OS X 10.7 and later)	Available, but no default	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key"./Script error: No such module "key".
Quit application of current window	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". varies^{[notes 13]}	Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 14]}	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Close dialog	Script error: No such module "key". (Laptop) Script error: No such module "key". (Desktop)	Script error: No such module "key". or sometimes Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".
Open/Focus (preview) pinned program on the taskbar	Script error: No such module "key". where "#" is the position of the program on the Windows Taskbar (Windows 7+)			Script error: No such module "key". where "#" is the position of the program on the GNOME Dash		Script error: No such module "key". where "#" is the position of the program on the Shelf
Open new program window of pinned program in Quick Launch	Script error: No such module "key". where "#" is the position of the program on the Quick Launch toolbar (Windows Vista, 7+)	Script error: No such module "key".				Script error: No such module "key". where "#" is the position of the program on the Shelf
Open new program window of the pinned program on the taskbar (if program is already opened)	Script error: No such module "key". where "#" is the position of the program on the Windows Taskbar (Windows 7+)			Script error: No such module "key". where "#" is the position of the program on the GNOME Dash		Script error: No such module "key". where "#" is the position of the program on the Shelf
Focus the first taskbar entry; pressing again will cycle through them	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".Script error: No such module "key". back and forth; hold Script error: No such module "key". to cycle backwards (Windows 7+)
Peek at the desktop	Script error: No such module "key". (Windows 7) Script error: No such module "key". (Windows 8+)	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner^[25]^[26]
Bring gadgets to the front of the Z-order and cycle between gadgets	Script error: No such module "key". (Windows Vista,7) or Script error: No such module "key". (Vista only, no cycling)
External display options (mirror, extend desktop, etc.)	Script error: No such module "key". (Windows 7+)					Script error: No such module "key".

User interface navigation (widgets and controls)

Command line shortcuts

Below is a list of common keyboard shortcuts that are used in a command line environment. Bash and Z shell keybindings are derived from Emacs text editing bindings.

Accessibility

In Windows, it is possible to disable these shortcuts using the Accessibility or Ease of Access control panel.
In GNOME, these shortcuts are possible, if Universal Access is enabled on the system.

Action	Windows	macOS	KDE	GNOME
Utility Manager	Script error: No such module "key".
Use keyboard to control cursor	Script error: No such module "key".			^[27]
Allow user to press shortcuts one key at a time	Script error: No such module "key". press 5 times			Script error: No such module "key". 5 times^[28]
Hear beep when -lock key pressed	Script error: No such module "key". hold 5 seconds
Stop/slow repeating characters when key is pressed	Script error: No such module "key". hold 8 seconds			Script error: No such module "key". hold for 8 seconds^[29]^[30]^[31]
Inverse (Reverse Colors) Mode	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (if enabled)
Inverse (Reverse Colors) Mode (Only current window)			Script error: No such module "key". (if enabled)
Accessibility Shortcut^{[notes 15]}	Script error: No such module "key".

Notes

Template:Reflist

References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:Div col

Cite error: <ref> tags exist for a group named "notes", but no corresponding <references group="notes"/> tag was found

↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named HT2490
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named windows-lock
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named mac-lock
↑ ^a ^b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named gnome-shortcuts-set
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named HT201236
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named HT201361
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named gnome-screenshots
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named The GNOME Project
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Screen Shot Record
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named macOS Mojave Screenshot
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ ^a ^b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named KDE HIG
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Appendix A — Keyboard Shortcuts
↑ ^a ^b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named linuxmint
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named mozilla
↑ ^a ^b ^c Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named opera
↑ ^a ^b ^c Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named google
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named gnome 1
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named docs.info.apple.com
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ReferenceA
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named AutoVJ-1
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Sticky Keys
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Slow Keys
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Repeated Key Presses
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Bounce Keys

[HT2490-3] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named HT2490

[4] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[5] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[windows-lock-6] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named windows-lock

[mac-lock-7] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named mac-lock

[gnome-shortcuts-set-8] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named gnome-shortcuts-set

[HT201236-12] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named HT201236

[HT201361-13] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named HT201361

[gnome-screenshots-14] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named gnome-screenshots

[The_GNOME_Project-15] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named The GNOME Project

[Screen_Shot_Record-16] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Screen Shot Record

[macOS_Mojave_Screenshot-17] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named macOS Mojave Screenshot

[18] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[19] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[20] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[22] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[KDE_HIG-24] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named KDE HIG

[Appendix_A_—_Keyboard_Shortcuts-26] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Appendix A — Keyboard Shortcuts

[linuxmint-27] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named linuxmint

[28] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[mozilla-29] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named mozilla

[opera-30] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named opera

[google-31] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named google

[gnome_1-32] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named gnome 1

[docs.info.apple.com-36] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named docs.info.apple.com

[ReferenceA-37] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ReferenceA

[AutoVJ-1-41] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named AutoVJ-1

[Sticky_Keys-42] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Sticky Keys

[Slow_Keys-43] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Slow Keys

[Repeated_Key_Presses-44] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Repeated Key Presses

[Bounce_Keys-45] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Bounce Keys

[notes 1]

[notes 2]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[notes 3]

[notes 4]

[notes 5]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[notes 6]

[16]

[notes 7]

[17]

[notes 8]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[notes 9]

[notes 10]

[notes 11]

[25]

[26]

[notes 12]

[notes 13]

[notes 14]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[notes 15]

Table of keyboard shortcuts

Contents

Comparison of keyboard shortcuts

General shortcuts

System navigation

Power management

Screenshots

Text editing

Text formatting

Browsers / Go menu

Web browsers

Tab management

Window management

User interface navigation (widgets and controls)

Command line shortcuts

Accessibility

See also

Notes

References

External links

Navigation menu

Action	Windows	macOS^{[notes 1]}	Linux	ChromeOS
Lock desktop	Script error: No such module "key".^[4]	Script error: No such module "key".^[5] (macOS High Sierra and greater) or Script error: No such module "key". or MBR Script error: No such module "key". (If "Require password after sleep or screen saver" is enabled in "System Preferences — Security & Privacy")	Script error: No such module "key". (GNOME)^[6] or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Log out user		Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (Twice)
Switch active user	Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 3]}
Applications menu	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 2]}	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Run application	Script error: No such module "key"., enter executable name or Script error: No such module "key"., enter executable name	Script error: No such module "key"., enter executable name or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"., enter executable name
Search	Script error: No such module "key"., enter executable name or Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (Gnome)	Script error: No such module "key".
Show desktop	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Access SysTray	Script error: No such module "key".			Script error: No such module "key".
Switch window (next/previous)	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". (While in app switching window, Script error: No such module "key". can be used to select backward, Script error: No such module "key". can be used to view selected app's windows)	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". to switch windows within the same application (Gnome)	Hold Script error: No such module "key"., then quickly press Script error: No such module "key".
Switch window without dialog (next/previous)	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".	Only works within single Applications Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".
Task manager	Script error: No such module "key"., Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 4]}	Script error: No such module "key". (summons "Force Quit Applications" window)		Script error: No such module "key".
File manager	Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
New folder	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Rename object	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 5]} or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Show hidden files	Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key"., then Script error: No such module "key". again, while in File Explorer, will toggle setting	Script error: No such module "key"., while in Finder, will toggle setting	Script error: No such module "key"., Script error: No such module "key". in KDE	Script error: No such module "key".

Action	Windows	macOS^{[notes 1]}	KDE	GNOME
Moves keyboard focus to next/previous control	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 2]}	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".
Pop up tooltip for currently focused control	Script error: No such module "key".			Script error: No such module "key".
Show context-sensitive help for currently focused window or control	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (Not context-sensitive, functionally a "Spotlight" for menu bar items and help topics)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Give focus to next/previous pane	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".
Give focus to splitter bar in paned window				Script error: No such module "key".
Give focus to window's menu bar	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". (or Script error: No such module "key". on some keyboards)^{[notes 2]}	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Pop up contextual menu for currently selected objects (aka context menu)	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".	Varies with laptop / extended keyboard type; enable Mouse keys in Universal Access, then Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key". (numeric keypad) or Script error: No such module "key". (laptop)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".
Toggle selected state of focused checkbox, radio button, or toggle button	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Activate focused button, menu item etc.	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (also Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 5]} for menu items)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Expand a drop-down list	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".
Select/move to first/last item in selected widget			Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".
Scroll selected view by one page up/left/down/right		Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". ( Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". )		Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".
Scroll selected view to top/bottom		Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". ( Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". )
Switch focus to the next/previous tab/view within a window	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key". -> Script error: No such module "key". <-
Switch focus to the next/previous panel on the desktop				Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".
Switch focus to the next/previous panel (without dialog)				Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key".

Action	Windows (cmd.exe)	Windows (PowerShell)	Unix-like (bash, zsh)	Unix-like (POSIX-compliant shell)
Scroll through history of typed commands	Script error: No such module "key"./Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"./Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key"./Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key"./Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". Script error: No such module "key". / Script error: No such module "key". Script error: No such module "key".
Signal end-of-file	Script error: No such module "key".		Script error: No such module "key".
Abort current command/typing	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Erase word to the left	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".
Erase word to the right	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Erase line to the left	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Erase line to the right	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Yank/paste previously erased string			Script error: No such module "key".
Move one word to the left (backward)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Move one word to the right (forward)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Move to beginning of line	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".
Move to end of line	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". or Script error: No such module "key".
Reverse search of history	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Pause execution of the current job			Script error: No such module "key".
Insert the next character typed verbatim			Script error: No such module "key".
Autocomplete command/file name	Script error: No such module "key". (enabled by default in Windows XP and later)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key". (usually once)	Script error: No such module "key". (usually twice)
Paste contents of clipboard at cursor	Script error: No such module "key". then Script error: No such module "key".^{[notes 10]} then Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Scroll window up	Script error: No such module "key". (may not work in some versions of Windows XP)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Scroll window down	Script error: No such module "key". (may not work in some versions of Windows XP)	Script error: No such module "key".	Script error: No such module "key".
Clear screen			Script error: No such module "key".

Table of keyboard shortcuts

Comparison of keyboard shortcuts

General shortcuts

System navigation

Power management

Screenshots

Text editing

Text formatting

Browsers / Go menu

Web browsers

Tab management

Window management

User interface navigation (widgets and controls)

Command line shortcuts

Accessibility

See also

Notes

References

External links

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