TOROS artillery rocket system
Template:Short description Template:More citations needed Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". TOROS artillery rocket system (Template:Langx; Script error: No such module "IPA"., lit. "Gunner") is a Turkish rocket artillery multiple rocket launcher system that has been developed in both 230 and 260 mm calibre. The system was developed by TÜBİTAK-SAGE, and is used by the Turkish Army. The larger calibre rockets have a maximum range of Template:Convert deliver a Template:Convert high-explosive fragmentation warhead containing 30,000 steel balls. It is developed by the Turkish Defense Industry.[1][2][3]
Description
This system is in general copy of Military Technical Institute Belgrade M-87 Orkan with some minor modification in rocket design, different fuel for rocket and tubes. It is developed through reverse engineering and plans obtained for Orkan M-87 including launcher M-87 and rocket 262mm used in that process all obtained from BNT Bratstvo Novi Travnik from Bosnia and Herzegovina.[1][4] Sage is also known for reverse engineering of M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System 227mm rocket under designation SAGE 227 a program started because the United States' reluctancy to share technology with Turkey.[5] 230mm rocket is continuation of SAGE 227 rocket program and 260mm rocket is based on 262mm Orkan M-87 rockets.
The 230 mm calibre system consists of six TOROS-230 unguided medium range rockets in a disposable launcher pod. The 260 mm calibre system consists of four TOROS-260 rockets in a disposable launcher pod. The launcher vehicle is designed to accept two TOROS-230 or TOROS-260 launcher pods.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Both rockets use an HTPB/AP solid propellent, and are stabilised in flight by four wrap-around fins. Sabots are fitted to the front of the rocket which fall away shortly after launch. Both rockets use a fin detent system to reduce wind dispersion, and are reported as having a dispersion of between one and two percent of their range. A variety of warheads have been proposed for the system including the basic blast fragmentation warhead, an electronic warfare warhead and a bunker busting warhead.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
The launcher pods and advanced fire control system enable fast supply, loading, unloading, positioning and orientation operations. The unloading and reloading operations for two launch pods can be completed in less than twelve minutes. The system can be moved into position, oriented to target, and fired, all without the crew leaving the armoured cab. The launcher has a crew of three, but can be operated by a single person if needed.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Dispersion is reduced by helical rails which provide high roll rate during launch.
The system consists of four vehicles:
- Launcher vehicle 6×6
- Logistics vehicle 6×6
- Maintenance vehicle 6×6
- Fire Command-Control vehicle 4×4
Specifications
| SAGE-230A[6] | SAGE-260A[6] | |
|---|---|---|
| Diameter | 230 mm | 260 mm |
| Length | Template:Convert | Template:Convert |
| Mass | 326/197 kg | 485/280 kg |
| Operational temperature | -30/+55 °C | -30/+55 °C |
| Range | Template:Convert | Template:Convert |
| Dispersion | 2% | 2% |
| Propellant | HTPB/AP | HTPB/AP |
| Shelf life | 10 year | 10 year |
| Launcher pods | TOROS-230 | TOROS-260 |
|---|---|---|
| Number of tubes | 6 | 4 |
| Length | Template:Convert | Template:Convert |
| Width | Template:Convert | Template:Convert |
| Height | Template:Convert | Template:Convert |
| Empty mass | Template:Convert | Template:Convert |
| Loaded mass | Template:Convert | Template:Convert |
See also
- M-87 Orkan - Yugoslavian multiple rocket launcher system.
References
- Jane's Armour and Artillery 2005-2006
External links
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Archived at Video Ghostarchive and the Video Wayback Machine Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Image SAGE personnel in front of Orkan M-87 launcher vehicle obtained from BiH Novi Travnih factory with two pods of quadruple TOROS 260A launcher pod
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
