Sweden Solar System
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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "Location map/multi". The Sweden Solar System is the world's largest permanent scale model of the Solar System. The Sun is represented by the Avicii Arena in Stockholm, the largest hemispherical building in the world. The inner planets can also be found in Stockholm but the outer planets are situated northward in other cities along the Baltic Sea. The system was started by Nils Brenning, professor at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, and Gösta Gahm, professor at the Stockholm University.[1][2] The model represents the Solar System on the scale of 1:20 000 000, i.e. one metre represents 20,000 km.[3]
The system
The bodies represented in this model include the Sun, the planets (and some of their moons), dwarf planets and many types of small bodies (comets, asteroids, trans-Neptunians, etc.), as well as some abstract concepts (like the Termination Shock zone). Because of the existence of many small bodies in the real Solar System, the model can always be further increased.
The Sun is represented by the Avicii Arena (Globen), Stockholm, which is the largest hemispherical building in the world, Template:Cvt in diameter. To respect the scale, the globe represents the Sun including its corona.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Inner planets
- Mercury (Template:Cvt in diameter) is placed at Stockholm City Museum, Template:Cvt from the Globe. The small metallic sphere was built by the artist Peter Varhelyi.
- Venus (Template:Cvt in diameter) is placed at Vetenskapens hus at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Template:Cvt from the Globe. It was previously located at the Observatory Museum in Stockholm (now closed). A previous model, made by the United States artist Daniel Oberti, was inaugurated during a Venus transit on 8 June 2004 and placed at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology. It fell and shattered around 11 June 2011.
- Earth (Template:Cvt in diameter) is located at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Template:Cvt from the Globe. Satellite images of the Earth are exhibited beside the Globe. An elaborate model of the Moon (Template:Cvt in diameter) is also on display, about 20 meters from the model of Earth.
- Mars (Template:Cvt in diameter) is located at Mörby centrum, a shopping centre and Stockholm metro station in Danderyd, a suburb of Stockholm. It is Template:Cvt from the Globe. The model, made in copper by the Finnish artist Heikki Haapanen, is connected by an "umbilical cord" to a steel plate on the floor having an Earth image.[4] The globe also features marks that represent some typical Martian chemical elements.
Gas giants
- Jupiter (Template:Cvt in diameter) is placed inside the Clarion Hotel located at Stockholm Arlanda Airport in Sigtuna Municipality, Template:Cvt from the Globe. Previously, it was made as a flower decoration, with different flowers representing different zones of the giant gas planet. Today, the planet is depicted as a ring light above a lobby.[5]
- Saturn (Template:Cvt in diameter) is placed outside the old observatory of Anders Celsius, in the square Celsiustorget in the centre of Uppsala, Template:Cvt from the Globe. Inaugurated during the International Year of Astronomy,[6] the model is a mat with a picture of Saturn, but will eventually grow to crown a school planetarium in the city. In addition, several schools in Uppsala are to provide moons of Saturn: the first completed was Enceladus (diameter Template:Cvt) at Kvarngärdesskolan.[7] (Note: The model was taken down due to vandalism)
- Uranus (Template:Cvt in diameter) was vandalized and the new model was reconstructed behind Stora magasinet in Lövstabruk in 2012. It is an outdoor model made of blue steel bars. The rotation axis of the planet is marked in red.[8]
- Neptune (Template:Cvt in diameter) is located by the river Söderhamnsån in Söderhamn, a coast town with tradition of fishing and sailing (which relates to Neptune being the deity of the seas). Placed Template:Cvt from the Globe, the model is made of acrylic and, at night, shines with a blue light.
Trans-Neptunian objects
- Pluto (Template:Cvt in diameter) and its largest moon Charon are placed near the southern of the Dellen lakes, in Delsbo, Template:Cvt from the Globe. The lakes are thought to be formed by a meteorite impact 90 million years ago. The two bodies' sculptures are supported by two gravelike pillars (as Pluto is the deity for death), made up with dellenite, a rare mineral formed at that place by the meteorite impact.
- Haumea (Template:Cvt in diameter) and its moons are depicted in the 2047 Science Centre, Borlänge, Template:Cvt from the Globe.
- Quaoar (Template:Cvt in diameter) is located in the library in Gislaved, Template:Cvt from the Globe.
- Ixion (Template:Cvt in diameter), a dwarf planet candidate, is located at Technichus, a science center in Härnösand, Template:Cvt from the Globe. The sculpture is an orb held by a hand with the arm. This plutino was discovered by a team which included scientists from Uppsala.
- Makemake (Template:Cvt in diameter) is located at Slottsskogsobservatoriet, an observatory in Gothenburg, Template:Cvt from the Globe.
- 'Oumuamua (Template:Cvt in diameter) is placed in the village of Plönninge, Halland, Template:Cvt from the Globe.
- Gonggong (Template:Cvt in diameter) is placed near the Tycho Brahe Observatory in Oxie, Malmö Municipality, Template:Cvt from the Globe.
- Eris (Template:Cvt in diameter) is located at Umeå Arts Campus, Umeå, Template:Cvt from the Globe. Made by Theresa Berg, the golden model is inspired by the mythical story of Eris sparking a quarrel between three Greek goddesses with a golden apple bearing the inscription καλλίστῃ (kallistē, "to the most beautiful one").
- Sedna (Template:Cvt in diameter), another dwarf planet candidate, is located at Teknikens Hus, a science center in Luleå, Template:Cvt from the Globe. This represents a distance of about Template:Cvt; Sedna has a highly elliptical orbit, its distance from the Sun varying between Template:Cvt.
Other bodies
- 471926 Jörmungandr a minor planet in Stockholm.
- The near-Earth Object Eros is located at Mörbyskolan, a school in Danderyd Municipality (where Mars is located), Template:Cvt from the Globe. It was created as a Valentine's Day project in gold, modeled after Eros, the god of love. The dimensions are Template:Cvt; (Template:Cvt).
- The asteroid 36614 Saltis is located at Saltsjöbaden's Kunskapsskola, a school near the Stockholm Observatory. The asteroid was discovered by A. Brandeker in 2000, using a telescope at the observatory, and the body was named after the observatory's location, Saltsjöbaden.
- The asteroid Vesta is located at Åva gymnasium, a public secondary school in Täby.
- The asteroid 306367 Nut, a.k.a. 5025 PL for Palomar-Leiden, (Template:Cvt in diameter) is located in a park in Knivsta Municipality, Template:Cvt from the Globe. It is not a sculpture but a dot on a map of the System, placed in front of Erik Ståhl's monumental cosmic sculptures.
- Halley's Comet is located at Balthazar Science Center, in Skövde. Inaugurated on 16 December 2009, there are actually four models of the comet: three placed outdoors, based on schoolchildren's drawings, plus one indoors, consisting of a laser passing through a block of glass.
- Comet Swift-Tuttle is placed at Kreativum, a science center in Karlshamn. The comet's orbit is closest to the Globe in inner Stockholm and farthest in Karlshamn, Template:Cvt away.
- The Termination Shock is at the edge of the heliosphere: it is the boundary where the solar wind transitions to subsonic velocity. No sculpture currently represents the termination shock, but a foundation for a future sculpture exists at the Institute of Space Physics, Template:Cvt from the Globe, in Kiruna, above the Arctic Circle.
List of objects
| Object | Distance from Globen[9] | Diameter[9] | Location[9] | Coordinates | Inauguration date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sun | — | 71 m (233 ft), the disk 110 m (361 ft), incl. the corona |
Avicii Arena, Stockholm | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 19 February 1989 |
| 471926 Jörmungandr | Template:Cvt | 0.05 mm | Ion Game Design office, Stockholm | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 23 September 2023[10] |
| Mercury | Template:Cvt | 25 cm (9.8 in) | Stockholm City Museum, Stockholm | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 1998 |
| Venus | Template:Cvt | 62 cm (24.4 in) | Vetenskapens hus, Stockholm | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 8 June 2004 |
| Earth and Moon | Template:Cvt | 65 cm (25.6 in) and 18 cm (7.1 in) | Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | before 2000[11] |
| (433) Eros | Template:Cvt | 2.0 mm × 0.7 mm × 0.7 mm | Mörbyskolan, Danderyd | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 14 February 2000 |
| (36614) Saltis | Template:Cvt | < 1 mm | Kunskapsskolan, Saltsjöbaden | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 14 January 2010[12] |
| Mars | Template:Cvt | 35 cm (13.8 in) | Mörby centrum, Danderyd | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | before 2000[11] |
| 4 Vesta | Template:Cvt | 2.6 cm | Åva gymnasium, Täby | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 6 September 2017[13] |
| Jupiter | Template:Cvt | 7.3 m (24 ft) | Stockholm Arlanda Airport | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | before 2000[11] |
| (306367) Nut (5025 PL) | Template:Cvt | 0.2 mm | Knivsta | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | |
| Saturn | Template:Cvt | 6.1 m (20 ft) | Celsiustorget, Uppsala | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 2010 (only Titan) |
| Uranus | Template:Cvt | 2.6 m (8.5 ft) | Stora magasinet, Lövstabruk | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 13 October 2012[14] |
| Haumea | Template:Cvt | 10 cm | Borlänge | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | |
| Halley's Comet | Template:Cvt | Four representations, not scale models.Template:Efn | Balthazar Science Center, Skövde | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 16 December 2009[15] |
| Neptune | Template:Cvt | 2.5 m (8.2 ft) | by the river Söderhamnsån, Söderhamn | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 29 October 1998[16] |
| Pluto and Charon | Template:Cvt | 12 cm (4.7 in) and 6 cm (2.4 in) | by the lake Dellen South, Delsbo | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | before 2000[11] |
| 50000 Quaoar | Template:Cvt | 6 cm | Gislaved Library, Gislaved | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 18 November 2017[17] |
| (28978) Ixion | Template:Cvt | 6.5 cm (2.6 in) | Technichus, Härnösand | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 18 April 2002[18] |
| 174567 Varda | Template:Cvt | 33 mm | Bohusläns museum, Uddevalla | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 4 September 2021[19] |
| 109P/Swift-Tuttle comet | Template:Cvt | < 1 cm | Kreativum, Karlshamn | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | |
| Makemake | Template:Cvt | 7 cm | Slottsskogsobservatoriet, Gothenburg | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 23 September 2017[20] |
| ʻOumuamua | Template:Cvt | 0.3 mm | Halmstad Municipality | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | August 2018 |
| 225088 Gonggong | Template:Cvt | 7.5 cm | Tycho Brahe-observatoriet, Oxie | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 23 September 2017[21] |
| (136199) Eris | Template:Cvt | 13 cm (5.1 in) | Umeå Arts Campus, Umeå | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 6 December 2007[22] |
| (90377) Sedna | Template:Cvt | 10 cm (3.9 in) | Teknikens Hus, Luleå | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 8 December 2005[23] |
| Termination shock | Template:Cvt | A plate | Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna | Script error: No such module "Coordinates". |
Gallery
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The Avicii Arena represents the Sun. The rest of the Solar System is scattered in, and north of, Stockholm.
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Mercury in Stockholm
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Venus in Stockholm
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Earth in Stockholm
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Luna/Moon in Stockholm
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Mars in Stockholm
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Jupiter in Stockholm Arlanda Airport
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Titan in Uppsala
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Uranus in Lövstabruk
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Neptune in Söderhamn
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Pluto in Delsbo
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Saltis in Saltsjöbaden
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Asteroid Vesta in Täby
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Ixion in Härnösand
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ʻOumuamua in Halland
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Eris in Umeå
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Sedna in Luleå
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The foundation for the sculpture of the Termination Shock in front of the Swedish Institute of Space Physics in Kiruna.
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See also
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Notes
References
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- ↑ Press release, linked 8 June 2009.
- ↑ List Script error: No such module "webarchive". of moons of Saturn assigned to schools in Uppsala (in Swedish).
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External links
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