Sulfotransferase

In biochemistry, sulfotransferases (SULTs) are transferase enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a sulfo group (Template:Chem2) from a donor molecule to an acceptor alcohol (Template:Chem2) or amine (Template:Chem2). The most common sulfo group donor is 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS). In the case of alcohol as acceptor, the product is a sulfate (Template:Chem2):

$\mathrm{R}-\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}{\phantom{A}}_3{\phantom{A}}^{-}+\mathrm{R}{\phantom{A}}^{\prime }-\mathrm{O}\mathrm{H}\underset{\text{ SULT }}{\overset{}{\to }}\mathrm{R}-\mathrm{H}+\mathrm{R}{\phantom{A}}^{\prime }-\mathrm{O}\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}{\phantom{A}}_3{\phantom{A}}^{-}$

whereas an amine leads to a sulfamate (Template:Chem2):

$\mathrm{R}-\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}{\phantom{A}}_3{\phantom{A}}^{-}+\mathrm{R}{\phantom{A}}^{\prime }-\mathrm{N}\mathrm{H}{\phantom{A}}_2\underset{\text{ SULT }}{\overset{}{\to }}\mathrm{R}-\mathrm{H}+\mathrm{R}{\phantom{A}}^{\prime }-\mathrm{N}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}{\phantom{A}}_3{\phantom{A}}^{-}$

Both reactive groups for a sulfonation via sulfotransferases may be part of a protein, lipid, carbohydrate or steroid.

File:FunktionelleGruppen Sulfonsäure.svg

General structure of a sulfonic acid with the blue marked functional group

Examples

The following are examples of sulfotransferases:

• carbohydrate sulfotransferase: CHST1, CHST2, CHST3, CHST4, CHST5, CHST6, CHST7, CHST8, CHST9, CHST10, CHST11, CHST12, CHST13, CHST14
• galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase: GAL3ST1, GAL3ST2, GAL3ST3, GAL3ST4
• heparan sulfate 2-O-sulfotransferase: HS2ST1
• heparan sulfate 3-O-sulfotransferase: HS3ST1, HS3ST2, HS3ST3A1, HS3ST3B1, HS3ST4, HS3ST5, HS3ST6
• heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase: HS6ST1, HS6ST2, HS6ST3
• N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase: NDST1, NDST2, NDST3, NDST4
• tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase: TPST1, TPST2
• uronyl-2-sulfotransferase
• Estrone sulfotransferase
• Chondroitin 4-sulfotransferase
• other: SULT1A1, SULT1A2, SULT1A3, SULT1A4, SULT1B1, SULT1C2, SULT1C3, SULT1C4, SULT1D1P, SULT1E1, SULT2A1, SULT2B1, SULT4A1, SULT6B1

See also

• List of EC numbers (EC 2)#EC 2.8.2: Sulfotransferases
• Wikipedia:MeSH D08#MeSH D08.811.913.817 --- sulfur group transferases .28EC 2.8.29

External links

• Template:Replace at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)