Stanley G. Payne
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".Script error: No such module "Check for clobbered parameters". Stanley George Payne (born September 9, 1934) is an American historian of modern Spain and European fascism at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He retired from full-time teaching in 2004 and is currently Professor Emeritus at its Department of History.[1]
Early life
Stanley Payne was born on September 9, 1934, in Denton, Texas. His father and mother were living in Colorado before moving to Texas. His father found work as a carpenter after losing his job to the Great Depression, and eventually became the foreman of a planing mill. His mother completed two years of nurse's training at a sanitarium in Chicago, but was forced to drop out due to lack of support from her family. She was a Seventh Day Adventist. The family moved to Sacramento, California, when Stanley was twelve and Stanley's parents divorced soon after.[2]
Work
Known for his typological description of fascism, Payne is a specialist in the Spanish fascist movement and has also produced comparative analyses of Western European fascism. He asserts that there were some specific ways in which Nazism paralleled Russian communism to a much greater degree than Fascism was capable of doing. Payne does not propound the theory of "red fascism" or the notion that Communism and Nazism are essentially the same. He states that Nazism more nearly paralleled Russian communism than any other noncommunist system has.[3][4]
In the 1960s, his books were published in Spanish by Éditions Ruedo ibérico (ERi), a publishing company set up by Spanish Republican exiles in Paris, France, to publish works forbidden in Spain by the Francoist regime ruling the country at the time. He has been referred to by some historians as a revisionist due to his views.[5] One of his more famous books is Spanish Civil War, The Soviet Union and Communism, which analyzes Joseph Stalin and the Soviet government's intervention in Spain. He also wrote The Franco Regime, The Spanish Civil War and A History of Fascism 1914–1945.
Payne uses a lengthy itemized list of characteristics to identify fascism, including the creation of an authoritarian state; a regulated, state-integrated economic sector; fascist symbolism; anti-liberalism; anti-communism, and anti-conservatism.[6] He sees elimination of the autonomy or, in some cases, complete existence of large-scale capitalism as the common aim of all fascist movements.[7]
In 2014 he published Franco. A Personal and Political Biography with Jesús Palacios, who during his youth had been a member of the now-banned group CEDADE.[8] Since then, he has been considered an iconic figure in Francoist revisionism.[9][10][11]
Education
Payne received his bachelor's degree from Pacific Union College in 1955. He went on to earn a masters from Claremont Graduate School and University Center in 1957 and a doctorate (Ph.D.) from Columbia University in 1960.
Books
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References
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- ↑ The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right. Routledge. 2002. p. 67
- ↑ Stanley G. Payne. Fascism: Comparison and Definition. University of Wisconsin Press. 1983. Template:ISBN. pp. 102–104
- ↑ Ángel Viñas (ed.), Sin respeto por la historia [extraordinary issue of Hispania Nova] 2015
- ↑ Payne, Stanley (1980). Fascism: Comparison and Definition. University of Wisconsin Press, p. 7
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Bibliography
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External links
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- Pages with script errors
- 1934 births
- Living people
- 21st-century American historians
- 21st-century American male writers
- Academics and writers on far-right politics
- American Hispanists
- Claremont Graduate University alumni
- Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
- Historians of fascism
- Historians of Francoist Spain
- Historians of the Second Spanish Republic
- Historians of the Spanish Civil War
- Historical revisionism
- Pacific Union College alumni
- People from Denton, Texas
- University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty
- Corresponding members of the Real Academia de la Historia
- American academic journal editors
- Historians of Carlism
- Historians from Texas
- Historians from California
- American male non-fiction writers