Spanish missions in New Mexico

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The Spanish Missions in New Mexico were a series of religious outposts in the Province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México — present day New Mexico. They were established by Franciscan friars under charter from the monarchs of the Spanish Empire and the government of the Viceroyalty of New Spain in a policy called Reductions to facilitate the conversion of Native Americans into Christianity.

History

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". They attempted to Hispanicize the indigenous peoples. The affected included the rich cultures and tribes of: many of the 21 distinct Puebloan groups; the Tiwa; the Navajo; and the Apache. The missions also aimed to pacify resistance to the European invasion of the tribes' Pre-Columbian homelands and loss of traditions. The missions introduced European livestock, fruits, vegetables, and small-scale industry into the Southwest region. They also introduced European diseases to which native people had little or no acquired immunity.

Fray Marcos de Niza, sent by Coronado, first saw the area now known as New Mexico in 1539. The first permanent settlement was Mission San Gabriel, founded in 1598 by Juan de Oñate near what is now known as Okay Owingeh, formerly known as the San Juan Pueblo.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Missions

Name Image Location Established Notes[1][2] References
Nuestra Señora de los Ángeles de Porciúncula File:Mission Church, Pecos National Park, Pecos, New Mexico 03.jpg 35.54999, -105.68916 1598 Original church was used only briefly and abandoned. Reestablished in 1616 with a new church completed after 1629. Destroyed in 1680, rebuilt c. 1696, rebuilt again c. 1717. Abandoned in 1838. Ruins are part of Pecos National Historical Park. [1][2][3]
Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Zía 35.50651, -106.72185 After or in July 1598 Established as San Pedro y San Pablo. Damaged in 1680 and rededicated in 1692 as Nuestra Señora de la Asunción. Church built c. 1700. [1][2]
San Juan Bautista de los Caballeros File:San Juan Bautista Church at Ohkay Owingeh Pueblo.JPG 36.05417, -106.07169 September 8, 1598 Destroyed in 1680, rebuilt c. 1706. Replaced with a new Gothic-style church in 1913. [1][2]
San José de los Jémez File:Jemez Historic Site 07.JPG 35.7785, -106.6866 Script error: No such module "sort". Church completed between 1625 and 1628, abandoned c. 1630. Ruins are now part of Jemez Historic Site. [1][2][4]
San Felipe File:Old Indian Church, Pueblo San Felipe, New Mexico (NYPL b12647398-75837).tiff 35.43317, -106.44667 1605 Destroyed in 1680, rebuilt on a new site in 1706. Remodeled c. 1801. [1][2]
Santo Domingo File:Pueblo of Santo Domingo Mission Church.jpg 35.5134, -106.36192 1607 Destroyed in 1680, rebuilt in 1706. A second church was added in the mid-18th century. Both were destroyed in a flood of the Rio Grande in 1886. The current church was built in 1895 at a new location. [1][2][5]
Nuestra Señora de Dolores y de San Antonio de Sandía File:"Indian church, Pueblo of Sandia, near Albuquerque, New Mexico." Fred Harvey series. (NBY 21601).jpg 35.25413, -106.57088 Script error: No such module "sort". Established as San Francisco de Sandía. Destroyed and pueblo abandoned in 1680. Reestablished in 1748 as Nuestra Señora de Dolores y de San Antonio. Second church completed in 1752 and collapsed in the 1770s. Third church built c. 1784 and fell to ruins by the 1860s. Current church built on new site in 1864 and remodeled most recently in 1976. [1][2]
Nuestra Señora de los Remedios de Galisteo 35.39537, -105.947 Script error: No such module "sort". Abandoned in 1680, reestablished in 1706 by Francisco Cuervo y Valdés, abandoned again in the 1780s. The current church is a reconstruction from 1884. [1][2]
San Marcos Pueblo San Marcos, Galisteo Basin Script error: No such module "sort". Abandoned in 1680. [1][2][6]
San Miguel File:San Miguel Chapel.jpg 35.6835, -105.93769 Script error: No such module "sort". Built c. 1610, partly destroyed in 1680, rebuilt 1710. [1][2][7]
San Agustín de la Isleta File:2014.08.05 - San Agustín de la Isleta Mission (4).JPG 34.90897, -106.69333 Script error: No such module "sort". Church built between 1613 and 1617. Remodeled in 1910–1923 and again in 1962. [1][2][8]
San Francisco de Nambé Nambé Pueblo 1613 Church built c. 1617, destroyed in 1680, rebuilt 1725. Remodeled c. 1900 with a pitched roof which caused it to collapse around 1908. Third church built in 1910 and demolished in 1960. Current church built 1975. [1][2][9]
San Jerónimo de Taos File:DSC 1690 Historic church at Taos Pueblo, New Mexico.jpg 36.43907, -105.54668 (ruins of old church), 36.43848, -105.54599 (current church) 1617 Church built c. 1626. Destroyed in 1680, rebuilt c. 1706. Destroyed during the Taos Revolt in 1847. Current church built c. 1850 on a different site. Ruins of old church still exist. [1][2][10]
San Ildefonso File:2014.08.04-San Ildefonso Mission Church).JPG 35.89355, -106.11984 Script error: No such module "sort". Destroyed in 1680, rebuilt in 1711 on new site. Remodeled in 1905 and rebuilt in 1968. [1][2][11]
San Lorenzo de Picurís File:Picuris Pueblo, NM, Campo Santo and San Lorenzo Church, 2011 - panoramio.jpg 36.20067, -105.70951 Script error: No such module "sort". Destroyed in 1680, rebuilt 1706, rebuilt again in the 1740s. Destroyed again in 1769 and rebuilt c. 1776. Remodeled c. 1900 and again in the 1960s. [1][2][12]
San Gregorio de Abó File:Abo Ruin.jpg 34.45035, -106.37549 1622 Built 1629–1644, abandoned by 1678. Ruins are part of Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument. [1][2][13][14]
San Estévan del Rey de Ácoma File:DSC 1450 San Esteban Del Rey Mission Church, Acoma, New Mexico.jpg 34.89529, -107.5825 1623 Church completed c. 1630. Damaged in 1680 and rebuilt in 1696–1700. [1][2][15]
Nuestra Señora de Perpetuo Socorro File:San Miguel de Socorro Church Socorro Nov 2013.jpg 34.06042, -106.89376 1626 Destroyed in 1680. The present-day San Miguel Church was built on the same site in 1816–1821. [1][2][13][16]
San Antonio de Padua de Senecú Near Socorro 1626 Pueblo and mission were abandoned in 1675. [1][2][13][17]
Nuestra Señora de Purísima Concepción de Quarai File:Salinas quarai.jpg 34.59609, -106.29599 1627 Built 1627–1633, abandoned by 1677. Ruins are part of Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument. [1][2][18]
San Luis Obispo de Sevilleta Near Socorro 1627 Later downgraded to a visita of Socorro. Abandoned in 1680. [1][2][13]
La Purísima Concepcíón de Hawikuh File:Hawikuh church.jpg 34.93222, -108.98455 1628 Destroyed in 1680. [1][2][19]
Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de Zuñi File:PERSPECTIVE VIEW OF EAST (FRONT) AND NORTH SIDE - Mission Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe de Zuni, Zuni Pueblo, Zuni, McKinley County, NM HABS NM,16-ZUNIP,2-2.tif 35.06776, -108.84961 1629 Damaged in 1680, rebuilt c. 1692. [1][2]
San Ysidro and San Buenaventura de Humanas (Gran Quivira) File:Views of Gran Quivira at Salinas Pueblos Mission National Monument, New Mexico (bf070cec-47cd-4c1c-bd81-ed033a99c122).jpg 34.25962, -106.09232 Script error: No such module "sort". San Buenaventura originally served San Gregorio de Abó. San Ysidro chapel built c. 1629–1632, San Buenaventura built c. 1660s. Ruins are part of Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument. [1][2][20]
San Diego de Tesuque File:Tesuque, Új-Mexikó, Amerikai Egyesült Államok. A pueblo indiánok egyik települése. Fortepan 95133.jpg Tesuque Pueblo Script error: No such module "sort". Established as San Lorenzo. Destroyed in 1680, reestablished as San Diego in 1695. Church rebuilt c. 1706. Remodeled c. 1914. [1][2]
San Buenaventura de Cochití File:Old Church, Pueblo of Cochiti, New Mexico (NYPL b12647398-74482).tiff 35.60813, -106.34589 Script error: No such module "sort". Destroyed in 1680, rebuilt c. 1706. Remodeled c. 1900 and in the 1960s. [1][2][21]
Santa Ana File:Pueblo of Santa Ana Mission Church, Jemez River vicinity, Santa Ana Pueblo, Sandoval County, NM HABS NM,22-SANAP,2- (sheet 2 of 4).tif Santa Ana Pueblo Script error: No such module "sort". Church built c. 1700. Current, larger church built 1734–1750. [1][2]
San José de Laguna File:Laguna Mission.jpg 35.03468, -107.38845 Script error: No such module "sort". Still in use. [1][2][22]
San Francisco de Asís File:San Francisco de Asis Mission Church.JPG 36.35845, -105.60837 Script error: No such module "sort". Church built between 1772 and 1816 and is located in the historic district of Ranchos de Taos. [1][2]

Noted churches that were not missions

See also

Template:Sister project On Spanish Missions in neighboring regions:

On general missionary history:

On colonial Spanish American history:

External links

References

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