Short-track speed skating

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description Template:Infobox sport

File:2020-01-22 Short track speed skating at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics – Mixed NOC Team Relay (Martin Rulsch) 11.jpg
Preparation of the ice
File:2020-01-22 Short track speed skating at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics – Mixed NOC Team Relay (Martin Rulsch) 04.jpg
Placement of rubber cones

Short-track speed skating is a form of competitive ice speed skating. In competitions, multiple skaters (typically between four and six) skate on an oval ice track with a length of Template:Convert. The rink itself is Template:Convert long by Template:Convert wide, which is the same size as an Olympic-sized figure skating rink and an international-sized ice hockey rink. Related sports include long-track speed skating and inline speed skating.

History

Short-track skating developed from speed skating events that were held with mass starts. This form of speed skating was mainly practised in the United States and Canada, as opposed to the international form (derived from Europe), where athletes skated in pairs. At the 1932 Winter Olympics, speed skating events were conducted in the mass start form. Competitions in North America tended to be held indoors, for example in Madison Square Garden, New York, and therefore on shorter tracks than was usual for outdoor skating.

In 1967, the International Skating Union (ISU) adopted short-track speed skating, although it did not organize international competitions until 1976. World Championships in short-track speed skating have been officially held since 1981, although events held in 1976–1980 under different names have since received the status of World Championships retrospectively. The name of the competition was changed several times before it was eventually titled the "World Short Track Speed Skating Championships" in 1989; the championships are now held annually.

Short-track speed skating was introduced as a demonstration sport at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Canada. It was upgraded to a full Olympic sport in 1992 and has been part of the Winter Olympics ever since. There were only four short-track events in the 1992 Winter Games, but the program was expanded to include six events in 1994 and 1998, and finally eight events in the 2002 Winter Games. The events are the same for both men and women: 500 meters, 1000 meters, 1500 meters, plus the relay event (5000 meters for men, 3000 meters for women). Since the 2018–19 World Cup season, a 2000-meter mixed-team relay was added, and debuted in the 2022 Winter Olympics. A 3,000-meter super-final event is included in the European Championships, but this is not currently part of the Olympic short-track program.

Rules

Skaters who commit one of the following offenses risk immediate disqualification from a race and having their times rendered invalid and being suspended from playing for a short time.[1]

  • Impeding: Intentionally pushing, blocking, tripping or otherwise causing an impediment for another skater
  • Off track: Skating outside or inside the designated track
  • Assistance: Giving physical assistance to another skater. For example: pushing a teammate from behind for an extra boost, or allowing a teammate to lean on another for stability in corners.
  • Shooting the line or Kicking out: Driving the foot in lead ahead to reach the finish faster, resulting in the lead foot lifting off the ice and creating a dangerous situation for others
  • Unsportsmanlike conduct: Acting in a manner not befitting an athlete or a role model. Including cursing at a competitor, kicking your feet, striking other skaters or officials, etc.
  • Equipment: Not wearing the proper safety equipment, losing equipment during the race, or exposure of skin not on face or neck.
  • False Start: Leaving before firing of the starter's pistol. The updated 2023 ISU regulations state that after the first false start, the offender would have to leave.
  • Did not finish: Usually due to a fall, the skater did not finish the race.
  • Did not skate: The skater did not go to the starting line.
  • Finish not timed: The skater's finishing time was not recorded, usually when a skater takes too long to finish the race.


In relay races, each team has four skaters, who can take turns freely by tagging or pushing. A skater may be relayed at any time except during the last two laps. Usually, the outgoing skater pushes the incoming skater to help the teammate to gain speed. If a team member falls, the next person needs to be tagged. A relay team would be penalized if they committed the following:

  • Not abiding by previous rules that applied to individual skaters
  • Not receiving a tag from a teammate
  • Exchanging after the center red line when there are three laps to go
File:12-01-19-yog-020.jpg
Short-track at the 2012 Winter Youth Olympics, Innsbruck

World records

Men

Distance Athlete Nation City Date Record time Ref[2]
500 m Wu Dajing Script error: No such module "flag". Salt Lake City, United States 11 November 2018 39.505 [3]
1000 m Hwang Dae-heon Script error: No such module "flag". Salt Lake City, United States 12 November 2016 1:20.875 [4]
1500 m Sjinkie Knegt Script error: No such module "flag". Salt Lake City, United States 13 November 2016 2:07.943 [5]
3000 m Noh Jin-kyu Script error: No such module "flag". Warsaw, Poland 19 March 2011 4:31.891 [6]
5000 m
relay 		Csaba Burján
Cole Krueger
Shaoang Liu
Shaolin Sándor Liu		 Script error: No such module "flag". Calgary, Canada 4 November 2018 6:28.625 [7]

Women

Distance Athlete Nation City Date Record time Ref
500 m Xandra Velzeboer Script error: No such module "flag". Salt Lake City, United States 4 November 2022 41.416 [8][9]
1000 m Suzanne Schulting Script error: No such module "flag". Salt Lake City, United States 4 November 2022 1:25.958 [10]
1500 m Choi Min-jeong Script error: No such module "flag". Salt Lake City, United States 12 November 2016 2:14.354 [11]
3000 m Jung Eun-ju Script error: No such module "flag". Harbin, China 15 March 2008 4:46.983 [12]
3000 m
relay 		Selma Poutsma
Suzanne Schulting
Yara van Kerkhof
Xandra Velzeboer		 Script error: No such module "flag". Beijing, China 23 October 2021 4:02.809 [13]

Mixed

Distance Athlete Nation City Date Record time Ref
2000 m
relay 		Teun Boer
Jens van `t Wout
Xandra Velzeboer
Michelle Velzeboer		 Script error: No such module "flag". Beijing, China 14 March 2025 2:35.339 [14]


Notable skaters

The following is the list of athletes who are Individual gold medalist at the Olympic Winter Games or Overall World Champion and have won Olympic Winter Games or Overall World Championships at least three times.

Men

Athlete Nation Born Olympics World Championships (overall) Olympics +
World Championships (overall) 		World Championships
(distances, relay, team) 		Total
File:Gold medal olympic.svg File:Silver medal olympic.svg File:Bronze medal olympic.svg Total File:Gold medal world centered-2.svg File:Silver medal world centered-2.svg File:Bronze medal world centered-2.svg Total File:Gouden medaille.svg File:Zilveren medaille.svg File:Bronzen medaille.svg Total File:Gold medal world centered-2.svg File:Silver medal world centered-2.svg File:Bronze medal world centered-2.svg Total File:Gouden medaille.svg File:Zilveren medaille.svg File:Bronzen medaille.svg Total
Ahn Hyun-Soo
(Viktor Ahn) 		Script error: No such module "flag".
Script error: No such module "flag".		 1985 6 0 2 8 6 1 0 7 12 1 2 15 22 13 6 41 34 13 9 56
Marc Gagnon Script error: No such module "flag". 1975 3 0 2 5 4 2 1 7 7 2 3 12 15 9 4 28 22 11 7 40
Charles Hamelin Script error: No such module "flag". 1984 4 1 0 5 1 3 3 7 5 4 3 12 12 15 10 37 16 19 13 48
Kim Ki-hoon Script error: No such module "flag". 1967 3 0 0 3 1 2 1 4 4 2 1 7 2+ 1+ 2+ 5+ 6+ 3+ 3+ 12+
Apolo Anton Ohno Script error: No such module "flag". 1982 2 2 4 8 1 2 1 4 3 4 5 12 8 5 6 19 11 9 11 31
Lee Ho-Suk Script error: No such module "flag". 1986 1 4 0 5 2 2 0 4 3 6 0 9 8 5 4 17 11 11 4 26
Kim Dong-Sung Script error: No such module "flag". 1980 1 1 0 2 2 0 1 3 3 1 1 5 10 7 3 20 13 8 4 25
Shaoang Liu Script error: No such module "flag". 1998 2 0 2 4 1 0 0 1 3 0 2 5 1 5 2 8 4 5 4 13

Women

Athlete Nation Born Olympics World Championships (overall) Olympics +
World Championships (overall) 		World Championships
(distances, relay, team) 		Total
File:Gold medal olympic.svg File:Silver medal olympic.svg File:Bronze medal olympic.svg Total File:Gold medal world centered-2.svg File:Silver medal world centered-2.svg File:Bronze medal world centered-2.svg Total File:Gouden medaille.svg File:Zilveren medaille.svg File:Bronzen medaille.svg Total File:Gold medal world centered-2.svg File:Silver medal world centered-2.svg File:Bronze medal world centered-2.svg Total File:Gouden medaille.svg File:Zilveren medaille.svg File:Bronzen medaille.svg Total
Yang Yang (A) Script error: No such module "flag". 1976 2 2 1 5 6 1 0 7 8 3 1 12 26 12 5 43 34 15 6 55
Wang Meng Script error: No such module "flag". 1985 4 1 1 6 3 3 0 6 7 4 1 12 18 11 3 32 25 15 4 44
Chun Lee-kyung Script error: No such module "flag". 1976 4 0 1 5 3 2 0 5 7 2 1 10 10 11 3 24 17 13 4 34
Choi Min-jeong Script error: No such module "flag". 1998 3 2 0 5 4 1 0 5 7 3 0 10 19 3 1 23 26 6 1 33
Sylvie Daigle Script error: No such module "flag". 1962 1 1 0 2 5 2 1 8 6 3 1 10 22+ 8+ ? 31+ 28+ 11+ 1+ 40+
Jin Sun-yu Script error: No such module "flag". 1988 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 6 0 0 6 10 3 1 14 16 3 1 20
Suzanne Schulting Script error: No such module "flag". 1997 3 1 2 6 2 0 0 2 5 1 2 8 5 1 2 8 10 2 3 15
Nathalie Lambert Script error: No such module "flag". 1962 1 2 0 3 3 2 2 7 4 4 2 10 14+ 3+ 2+ 19+ 18+ 7+ 4+ 29+
Choi Eun-kyung Script error: No such module "flag". 1984 2 2 0 4 2 1 0 3 4 3 0 7 12 3 3 18 16 6 3 25
Shim Suk-Hee Script error: No such module "flag". 1997 2 1 1 4 1 1 3 5 3 2 4 9 11 4 1 16 14 6 5 25
Park Seung-hi Script error: No such module "flag". 1992 2 0 3 5 1 2 0 3 3 2 3 8 8 4 1 13 11 6 4 21
Zhou Yang Script error: No such module "flag". 1991 3 0 0 3 0 1 1 2 3 1 1 5 5 4 4 13 8 5 5 18
Arianna Fontana Script error: No such module "flag". 1990 2 4 5 11 0 1 3 4 2 5 8 15 1 5 7 13 3 12 21 36

See also

References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:Sister project

Template:Winter Olympic sports Script error: No such module "Navbox".

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Short-track_speed_skating&oldid=26577"