Scott S. Sheppard
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Scott Sander Sheppard (born 1977) is an American astronomer and a discoverer of numerous moons, comets and minor planets in the outer Solar System.[1][2][3]
He is an astronomer in the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, DC. He attended Oberlin College as an undergraduate, and received his bachelor in physics with honors in 1998.[4]Template:Better source needed Starting as a graduate student at the Institute for Astronomy at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, he was credited with the discovery of many small moons of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. He has also discovered the first known trailing Neptune trojan, Template:Mpl, the first named leading Neptune trojan, 385571 Otrera, and the first high inclination Neptune trojan, Template:Mpl. These discoveries showed that the Neptune trojan objects are mostly on highly inclined orbits and thus likely captured small bodies from elsewhere in the Solar System.
The main-belt asteroid 17898 Scottsheppard, discovered by LONEOS at Anderson Mesa Station in 1999, was named in his honor.[1]
Discoveries
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| Template:Mp | 2 April 2000 | Template:LoMPScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[B]<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[C] |
| Template:Mp | 9 December 2001 | Template:LoMPScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| 341520 Mors–Somnus | 14 October 2007 | Template:LoMPScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[C] |
| 385571 Otrera | 16 October 2004 | Template:LoMPScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[C] |
| 385695 Clete | 8 October 2005 | Template:LoMPScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[C] |
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| 471143 Dziewanna | 13 March 2010 | Template:LoMPScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[C]<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[E]<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[F] |
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| Template:Mp | 24 March 2014 | Template:LoMPScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
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| 532037 Chiminigagua | 17 March 2013 | Template:LoMPScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[C] |
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| 541132 Leleākūhonua | 13 October 2015 | Template:LoMPScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[C]<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[H] |
| Template:Mpl | 13 August 2021 | Template:MPC |
| Template:Mpl | 13 January 2022 | Template:MPC[6] |
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Sheppard was the lead discoverer of the object with the most distant orbit known in the Solar System, Template:Mpl (nicknamed Biden). In 2014, the similarity of the orbit of Template:Mp to other extreme Kuiper belt object orbits led Sheppard and Trujillo to propose that an unknown Super-Earth mass planet (2–15 Earth masses) in the outermost Solar System beyond 200 AU and up to 1500 AU is shepherding these smaller bodies into similar orbits (see Planet X or Planet Nine). The extreme trans-Neptunian objects Template:Mpl and Template:Mpl, announced in 2016 and co-discovered by Sheppard, further show a likely unknown massive planet exists beyond a few hundred AU in the Solar System, with Template:Mp being the first known high semi-major axis and high perihelion object anti-aligned with the other known extreme objects. In 2018, the announcement of the high perihelion inner Oort cloud object 541132 Leleākūhonua (nicknamed "The Goblin") by Sheppard et al., being only the third known after Template:Mp and Sedna, further demonstrated that a super-Earth planet in the distant Solar System likely exists as Leleākūhonua has many orbital similarities as the two other known inner Oort cloud objects.
Most notable discoveries
Sheppard has been involved in the discovery of many small Solar System bodies such as trans-Neptunian objects, centaurs, comets and near-Earth objects.
- Three comets are named after him which are Sheppard-Trujillo (C/2014 F3), Sheppard-Tholen (C/2015 T5) and comet Trujillo-Sheppard (P/2018 V5).
- The possible dwarf planets discovered by Sheppard are 471143 Dziewanna, Template:Mpl, Template:Mpl, 532037 Chiminigagua, Template:Mpl and Template:Mpl.
- In 2018, Sheppard was the lead discoverer of the most distant observed object in the Solar System and first object observed beyond 100 AU, dwarf planet Template:Mpl (nicknamed Farout), which is around 120 AU from the Sun.
- He discovered a minor-planet moon around likely dwarf planet Chiminigagua.
- He is also a co-discoverer of a minor-planet moon orbiting the binary trans-Neptunian object 341520 Mors–Somnus.[2]
- Among the numerous irregular moons of the major planets in whose discovery he has been involved are:[3]
- Jupiter
Discovered moons of Jupiter (full list):[3]
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- Themisto (2000), first seen but lost in 1975 by Charles Kowal
- Harpalyke (2000)
- Praxidike (2000)
- Chaldene (2000)
- Isonoe (2000)
- Erinome (2000)
- Taygete (2000)
- Kalyke (2000)
- Megaclite (2000)
- Iocaste (2000)
- Dia (2000)
- Euporie (2001)
- Orthosie (2001)
- Euanthe (2001)
- Thyone (2001)
- Hermippe (2001)
- Pasithee (2001)
- Aitne (2001)
- Eurydome (2001)
- Autonoe (2001)
- Sponde (2001)
- Kale (2001)
- Arche (2002)
- Eukelade (2003)
- Helike (2003)
- Aoede (2003)
- Hegemone (2003)
- Kallichore (2003)
- Cyllene (2003)
- Mneme (2003)
- Thelxinoe (2003)
- Carpo (2003)
- Kore (2003)
- Herse (2003)
- S/2003 J 2 (2003)
- Eupheme (2003)
- S/2003 J 4 (2003)
- Eirene (2003)
- S/2003 J 9 (2003)
- S/2003 J 10 (2003)
- S/2003 J 12 (2003)
- Philophrosyne (2003)
- S/2003 J 16 (2003)
- Jupiter LV (2003)
- Jupiter LXI (2003)
- S/2003 J 23 (2003)
- S/2003 J 24 (2003)
- Jupiter LXXII (2011)
- Jupiter LVI (2011)
- S/2011 J 3 (2011)
- Jupiter LIV (2016)
- Valetudo (2016)
- S/2016 J 3 (2016)
- S/2016 J 4 (2016)
- Jupiter LIX (2017)
- Jupiter LXIII (2017)
- Jupiter LXIV (2017)
- Pandia (2017)
- Jupiter LXVI (2017)
- Jupiter LXVII (2017)
- Jupiter LXVIII (2017)
- Jupiter LXIX (2017)
- Jupiter LXX (2017)
- S/2017 J 10 (2017)
- S/2017 J 11 (2017)
- Ersa (2018)
- S/2018 J 2 (2018)
- S/2018 J 3 (2018)
- S/2018 J 4 (2018)
- S/2021 J 1 (2021)
- S/2021 J 2 (2021)
- S/2021 J 3 (2021)
- S/2021 J 4 (2021)
- S/2021 J 5 (2021)
- S/2021 J 6 (2021)
- S/2022 J 1 (2022)
- S/2022 J 2 (2022)
- S/2022 J 3 (2022)
- Saturn
Discovered moons of Saturn (full list):[3]
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- Narvi (2003)
- Fornjot (2004)
- Farbauti (2004)
- Aegir (2004)
- Bebhionn (2004)
- Hati (2004)
- Bergelmir (2004)
- Fenrir (2004)
- Bestla (2004)
- S/2004 S 7 (2004)
- S/2004 S 12 (2004)
- S/2004 S 13 (2004)
- S/2004 S 17 (2004)
- Hyrrokkin (2004)
- Gridr (2004)
- S/2004 S 21 (2004)
- Angrboda (2004)
- Skrymir (2004)
- S/2004 S 24 (2004)
- Gerd (2004)
- Saturn LVIII (2004)
- Eggther (2004)
- S/2004 S 28 (2004)
- Saturn LX (2004)
- Beli (2004)
- S/2004 S 31 (2004)
- Gunnlod (2004)
- Thiazzi (2004)
- Saturn LXIV (2004)
- Alvaldi (2004)
- S/2004 S 36 (2004)
- S/2004 S 37 (2004)
- Geirrod (2004)
- S/2004 S 39 (2004)
- S/2004 S 40 (2004)
- S/2004 S 41 (2004)
- S/2004 S 42 (2004)
- S/2004 S 43 (2004)
- S/2004 S 44 (2004)
- S/2004 S 45 (2004)
- S/2004 S 46 (2004)
- S/2004 S 47 (2004)
- S/2004 S 48 (2004)
- S/2004 S 49 (2004)
- S/2004 S 50 (2004)
- S/2004 S 51 (2004)
- S/2004 S 52 (2004)
- S/2004 S 53 (2004)
- S/2004 S 54 (2004)
- S/2004 S 55 (2004)
- S/2004 S 56 (2004)
- S/2004 S 57 (2004)
- S/2004 S 58 (2004)
- S/2004 S 59 (2004)
- S/2004 S 60 (2004)
- S/2004 S 61 (2004)
- S/2005 S 4 (2005)
- S/2005 S 5 (2005)
- S/2005 S 6 (2005)
- S/2005 S 7 (2005)
- Kari (2006)
- Loge (2006)
- Surtur (2006)
- Skoll (2006)
- Greip (2006)
- Jarnsaxa (2006)
- S/2006 S 1 (2006)
- S/2006 S 3 (2006)
- S/2006 S 9 (2006)
- S/2006 S 10 (2006)
- S/2006 S 11 (2006)
- S/2006 S 12 (2006)
- S/2006 S 13 (2006)
- S/2006 S 14 (2006)
- S/2006 S 15 (2006)
- S/2006 S 16 (2006)
- S/2006 S 17 (2006)
- S/2006 S 18 (2006)
- S/2006 S 19 (2006)
- S/2006 S 20 (2006)
- S/2006 S 21 (2006)
- S/2006 S 22 (2006)
- S/2006 S 23 (2006)
- S/2006 S 24 (2006)
- S/2006 S 25 (2006)
- S/2006 S 26 (2006)
- S/2006 S 27 (2006)
- S/2006 S 28 (2006)
- S/2006 S 29 (2006)
- Tarqeq (2007)
- S/2007 S 2 (2007)
- S/2007 S 3 (2007)
- S/2007 S 5 (2007)
- S/2007 S 6 (2007)
- S/2007 S 7 (2007)
- S/2007 S 8 (2007)
- S/2007 S 9 (2007)
- S/2007 S 10 (2007)
- S/2007 S 11 (2007)
- S/2019 S 3 (2019)
- S/2019 S 9 (2019)
- S/2019 S 11 (2019)
- S/2019 S 17 (2019)
- S/2019 S 18 (2019)
- S/2019 S 21 (2019)
- S/2019 S 24 (2019)
- S/2019 S 25 (2019)
- S/2019 S 27 (2019)
- S/2019 S 29 (2019)
- S/2019 S 31 (2019)
- S/2019 S 33 (2019)
- S/2019 S 34 (2019)
- S/2019 S 40 (2019)
- S/2019 S 42 (2019)
- S/2019 S 43 (2019)
- S/2020 S 1 (2020)
- S/2020 S 8 (2020)
- S/2020 S 26 (2020)
- S/2020 S 27 (2020)
- Uranus
Discovered moons of Uranus (full list):[3]
- Margaret (2003)
- Ferdinand (2003), first seen but lost in 2001 by Holman et al.
- S/2023 U 1 (2023)
- Neptune
Discovered moons of Neptune (full list):[3]
- Psamathe (2003)
- S/2002 N 5 (2021), first seen but lost in 2002 by Holman et al.
- S/2021 N 1 (2021)
See also
References
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External links
- Scott Sheppard's web site, Carnegie Institution for Science
- Scott S. Sheppard – Curriculum Vitae, Carnegie Institution for Science