Schalunen
Schalunen is a former municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Schalunen, Büren zum Hof, Etzelkofen, Grafenried, Limpach, Mülchi and Zauggenried merged into the municipality of Fraubrunnen.[1]
History
Schalunen is first mentioned in 1249 as Chaluna.[2]
The oldest trace of a settlement in the area is a massive La Tène golden bracelet which was discovered north of the village in 1864. During the Late Middle Ages the village was owned by Fraubrunnen Abbey. After the Abbey was secularized during the Protestant Reformation, Schalunen village became part of the Bernese bailiwick of Fraubrunnen. After the Act of Mediation in 1803, the village became part of the new district of Fraubrunnen.[2]
The residents of the village were always part of the parish of Limpach.[2]
During the 19th century, many of the local farms shifted to raising dairy cattle, and the village's dairy opened in 1852. In 1916 the Bern-Solothurn-Bahn (now Regionalverkehr Bern-Solothurn) built a railway station in the village. In the 1960s the A1 motorway was built near the village. Both the railroad and the motorway provided easy access to the nearby cities of Bern and Solothurn and allowed commuters to settle in Schalunen. In the 1970s the Unterfeld and Holzrüti neighborhoods were built to house the growing population. By 2005 only about one quarter of all jobs in the village were in agriculture, while about half were in industry.[2]
Schalunen and Bätterkinden form a primary school district, while secondary school students attend classes in Fraubrunnen.[2]
Geography
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SBefore the merger, Schalunen had a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"..[3] Of this area, Script error: No such module "convert". or 59.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while Script error: No such module "convert". or 30.9% is forested. Of the rest of the land, Script error: No such module "convert". or 10.8% is settled (buildings or roads).[4]
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 7.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.9%. Out of the forested land, all of the forested land area is covered with heavy forests. Of the agricultural land, 43.9% is used for growing crops and 12.2% is pastures, while 2.9% is used for orchards or vine crops.[4]
The former municipality is located on the slopes above the Urtenen river.
On 31 December 2009 Amtsbezirk Fraubrunnen, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Verwaltungskreis Bern-Mittelland.[1]
Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Gules a Bend sinister dancety compony Argent between two Trefoils Or.[5]
Demographics
Schalunen had a population (as of 2011) of 359.[3] since 2010[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., 11.1% of the population are resident foreign nationals.[6] Over the last 10 years (2000-2010) the population has changed at a rate of -4.1%. Migration accounted for -0.5%, while births and deaths accounted for 4.1%.[3]
Most of the population (since 2000[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) speaks German (333 or 95.1%) as their first language.[7]
since 2008[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., the population was 49.7% male and 50.3% female. The population was made up of 169 Swiss men (44.5% of the population) and 20 (5.3%) non-Swiss men. There were 169 Swiss women (44.5%) and 22 (5.8%) non-Swiss women.[6] Of the population in the municipality, 66 or about 18.9% were born in Schalunen and lived there in 2000. There were 183 or 52.3% who were born in the same canton, while 64 or 18.3% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 34 or 9.7% were born outside of Switzerland.[7]
since 2010[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 23.4% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 66.6% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 10%.[3]
since 2000[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., there were 167 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 152 married individuals, 17 widows or widowers and 14 individuals who are divorced.[7]
since 2000[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., there were 28 households that consist of only one person and 10 households with five or more people. In 2000[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., a total of 133 apartments (92.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 5 apartments (3.5%) were seasonally occupied and 6 apartments (4.2%) were empty.[8] The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2011[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., was 2.5%.
The historical population is given in the following chart:[2][9] <timeline> Colors=
id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8)
ImageSize = width:1020 height:210 PlotArea = top:10 left:100 bottom:50 right:100 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:350 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:70 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:14 start:0 PlotData=
color:yellowgreen width:40 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1764 from:start till:59 text:"59" bar:1850 from:start till:135 text:"135" bar:1860 from:start till:140 text:"140" bar:1870 from:start till:135 text:"135" bar:1880 from:start till:131 text:"131" bar:1888 from:start till:109 text:"109" bar:1900 from:start till:121 text:"121" bar:1910 from:start till:139 text:"139" bar:1920 from:start till:174 text:"174" bar:1930 from:start till:163 text:"163" bar:1941 from:start till:176 text:"176" bar:1950 from:start till:193 text:"193" bar:1960 from:start till:160 text:"160" bar:1970 from:start till:138 text:"138" bar:1980 from:start till:255 text:"255" bar:1990 from:start till:344 text:"344" bar:2000 from:start till:350 text:"350"
</timeline>
Politics
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party (SVP) which received 42.2% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the Conservative Democratic Party (BDP) (20.7%), the Social Democratic Party (SP) (14.3%) and the Green Party (7%). In the federal election, a total of 133 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 53.0%.[10]
Economy
since 2011[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., Schalunen had an unemployment rate of 1.73%. since 2008[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., there were a total of 53 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 14 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 6 businesses involved in this sector. 15 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 3 businesses in this sector. 24 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 6 businesses in this sector.[3] There were 198 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 38.9% of the workforce.
In 2008[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". there were a total of 39 full-time equivalent jobs. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 10, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 14, all of which were in manufacturing. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 15. In the tertiary sector; 10 or 66.7% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 1 was a technical professional or scientist, 3 or 20.0% were in education.[11]
In 2000[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., there were 11 workers who commuted into the municipality and 170 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 15.5 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering.[12] Of the working population, 33.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 50.5% used a private car.[3]
Religion
From the 2000 census[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., 47 or 13.4% were Roman Catholic, while 255 or 72.9% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 5 members of an Orthodox church (or about 1.43% of the population), and there were 10 individuals (or about 2.86% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 4 (or about 1.14% of the population) who were Islamic. There was 1 person who was Buddhist. 29 (or about 8.29% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 4 individuals (or about 1.14% of the population) did not answer the question.[7]
Education
In Schalunen about 153 or (43.7%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 37 or (10.6%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 37 who completed tertiary schooling, 81.1% were Swiss men, 13.5% were Swiss women.[7]
The Canton of Bern school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship.[13]
During the 2010-11 school year, there were a total of 22 students attending classes in Schalunen. There were no kindergarten classes in the municipality. The municipality had 2 primary classes and 22 students. Of the primary students, 13.6% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 13.6% have a different mother language than the classroom language.[14]
since 2000[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., there were 4 students in Schalunen who came from another municipality, while 29 residents attended schools outside the municipality.[12]
References
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- ↑ a b Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 13 December 2014
- ↑ a b c d e f Template:HDS
- ↑ a b c d e f Swiss Federal Statistical Office accessed 16 January 2014
- ↑ a b Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics 2009 data Template:In lang accessed 25 March 2010
- ↑ Flags of the World.com accessed 15-February-2013
- ↑ a b Statistical office of the Canton of Bern Template:In lang accessed 4 January 2012
- ↑ a b c d e STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000 Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 2 February 2011
- ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 28 January 2011
- ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 29 January 2011
- ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office 2011 Election Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 8 May 2012
- ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3 Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 28 January 2011
- ↑ a b Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 24 June 2010
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Schuljahr 2010/11 pdf documentTemplate:In lang accessed 4 January 2012
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