Sapienic acid
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Sapienic acid is a fatty acid that is a major component of human sebum. Unique to humans, it takes its scientific name from the root sapiens. The equivalent fatty acid in mouse sebum is palmitoleic acid.[1] Sapienic acid salts, esters, anion, and conjugate base are known as sapienates.
Deficient production of sapienic acid has been implicated in the development of atopic dermatitis,[2] and sapienic acid has potent antibacterial activity against pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus.[3][4] Reduced omega-3 intake has been linked to lower sapienic acid levels in sebum.[5]
Delta-6-desaturation of palmitic acid leads to the biosynthesis of sapienic acid. In other tissues linoleic acid is the target for delta 6 desaturase, but linoleic acid is degraded in sebaceous cells, allowing the enzyme to desaturate palmitic to sapienic acid.[6][7] A two-carbon extension product of sapienic acid, sebaleic acid, is also present in sebum.
Decanal, which can be formed through the breakdown of sapienic acid,[8] is likely what mosquitoes use to identify human prey.[9]
References
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External links
- Waxes, The Lipid Library
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