Sanshikan

Template:Short description The Sanshikan ( Template:Translit), or Council of Three, was a government body of the Ryūkyū Kingdom, which originally developed out of a council of regents.

It emerged in 1556, when the young Shō Gen, who was mute, ascended to the throne of Ryūkyū. The council of regents that formed in order to handle this challenge and manage the country on the king's behalf soon grew into an established and powerful government organ. Shō Gen died in 1571, but the Council remained, acting alongside the successive kings in managing the affairs of government. In fact, the Articles Subscribed to by the King's Councillors, which bound the royal government in loyalty and servitude to the Japanese daimyō of Satsuma, explicitly prohibit the king from "entrust[ing] the conduct of public affairs in the islands to any persons other than San-shi-kuan".

Over time, the Sanshikan eclipsed the power and prestige of the sessei, a post which is often translated as "prime minister," and which served as chief royal advisor. Candidates to join the Council of Three had to live in Shuri, the capital, and had to pass tests of both merit and birth; they had to be of proper aristocratic heritage, and to pass tests of knowledge of literature, ethics, and other classical Chinese subjects. These exams were very much akin to those taken by scholar-bureaucrats in China, but were less strict.

The Council, and sessei, worked alongside the heads of various administrative departments who were known as the Council of Fifteen when assembled. The Fifteen advised the higher-ranking officials on policy, and made recommendations to fill vacancies in the administration.

The Sanshikan was dismantled along with the rest of the royal government when Ryūkyū was formally annexed by Meiji Japan in the 1870s. Members of Ryūkyū's aristocratic class were allowed to maintain some of their prestige and privileges, but even members of the Council were only afforded the equivalent of the sixth rank in the Japanese Imperial Court structure.

List of Sanshikan

Uncategorized

Name	In office	Kings
Yoasutahemaushikakokauchinoōyakumohi	?-?	Shō Shin
Yoasutahemiyaheiōyakumohimaikusakako	?-?	Shō Sei
Yoasutahekauchinoōyakumohitarukako	?-?	Shō Sei
Yoasutahekusukunoōyakumohimaikusa	?-?	Shō Sei
Sanshikan Takushi Daijin	?-?	Shō Gen
Mō Bunei Takushi Ueekata Seiri	? - 1526	Shō Shin, Shō Sei
Ba Shiryō Kunigami Ueekata Seiin	?-1537	Shō Shin, Shō Sei
Yō Taikaku Yamauchi Ueekata Shōshin		Shō Sei
Ma Bodo Ōzato Ueekata Seigyō	?-1546	Shō Sei
Go Keigen Kunigami Ueekata Sengen	?-1549	Shō Sei
Tō Gensai Kochinda Ueekata Seigu	?-1560	Shō Sei
In Tatsuro Gusushi Ueekata Yōken		Shō Sei
Boku Gentoku Ikegusuku Ueekata Shōshi		Shō Sei, Shō Gen
Ba Juntoku Kunigami Ueekata Seikaku		Shō Gen
Hō Tokushin Ganaha Ueekata Jogen		Shō Sei
Wa Imi Kunigami Ueekata Keimei	?-1559	Shō Sei, Shō Gen
Katsu Kashō Gusukuma Ueekata Shūshin	?-1559	Shō Sei, Shō Gen
Mō Ryūgin Aragusuku Ueekata Anki		Shō Gen
Mō Ren Ikegusuku Ueekata Antō	?-1579	Shō Gen, Shō Ei
Ō Jushō Kunigami Ueekata Seijun	?-1580	Shō Gen, Shō Ei
Mō Genryū Kunigami Ueekata Seimai	1580-?	Shō Ei
Kin Kokutei Gushichan Ueekata Nōan	?-1593	Shō Ei, Shō Nei
Mō Ryūbun Tomigusuku Ueekata Seishō	1583-1604	Shō Ei, Shō Nei
Go Seisai Kunigami Ueekata Senji	?-1599	Shō Nei

Chūkaban ()

Name	In office	Kings
Ō Kishō Gusukuma Ueekata Seikyū	1601-1605	Shō Nei
Tei Dō Jana Ueekata Rizan	1606-1611	Shō Nei
Mō Hōchō Yuntanza Ueekata Seishō	1611-1623	Shō Nei, Shō Hō
Mō Kijin Nakijin Ueekata Sōnō	1622-1629	Shō Hō
Ba Shōren Katsuren Ueekata Ryōkei	1629-1643	Shō Hō, Shō Ken
Ba Kami Ōsato Ueekata Ryōan	1643-1652	Shō Ken, Shō Shitsu
Shō Kokuyō Chatan Ueekata Chōchō	1652-1666	Shō Shitsu
Mō Kokutō Gushichan Ueekata Antō	1666-1675	Shō Shitsu, Shō Tei
Shō Mizai Goeku Ueekata Chōsei	1675-1683	Shō Tei
Ō Jigi Inamine Ueekata Seihō	1683-1696	Shō Tei
Shō Seishun Nakada Ueekata Chōjū	1696-1702	Shō Tei
Mō Kiryū Shikina Ueekata Seimei	1702-1712	Shō Tei, Shō Eki
Ō Jidō Ishadō Ueekata Seifu	1712-1721	Shō Kei
Shō Ryūyoku Ufugusuku Ueekata Chōshō	1722-1723	Shō Kei
Mō Shōshō Mabuni Ueekata Ansei	1723-1725	Shō Kei
Mō Heijin Misato Ueekata Anman	1725-1735	Shō Kei
Shō Joshū Shikina Ueekata Chōei	1735-1745	Shō Kei
Shō Tokukō Ginowan Ueekata Chōga	1745-1750	Shō Kei
Mō Kyōken Zakimi Ueekata Seishū	1750-1752	Shō Kei
Ba Genretsu Yonabaru Ueekata Ryōchō	1752-1754	Shō Boku
Ba Sentetsu Miyahira Ueekata Ryōtei	1755-1782	Shō Boku
Shō Tenteki Ie Ueekata Chōkei	1782-1801	Shō Boku, Shō On
Shō Bunryū Kyan Ueekata Chōchō	1801-1805	Shō On, Shō Sei, Shō Kō
Ba Isai Yonabaru Ueekata Ryōō	1805-1820	Shō Kō
Ō Kōretsu Ishadō Ueekata Seigen	1821-1828	Shō Kō
Ba Tokubō Yonabaru Ueekata Ryōkō	1828-1848	Shō Kō, Shō Iku, Shō Tai
Mō Zōkō Ikegusuku Ueekata Anyū	1848-1862	Shō Tai
Shō Yūkō Giwan Ueekata Chōho	1862-1875	Shō Tai
Mō Hōrai Tomikawa Ueekata Seikei	1875-1879	Shō Tai

Shikaban ()

Name	In office	Kings
Shō Ritan Urasoe Ueekata Chōshi	?-1611	Shō Nei
Mō Hōgi Ikegusuku Ueekata Anrai	1611-1624	Shō Nei, Shō Hō
Kin Ōshō Gushichan Ueekata Anshi	1624-1627	Shō Hō
Mō Taiun Tomigusuku Ueekata Seiryō	1627-1642	Shō Hō, Shō Ken
Shō Kokuki Kunigami Ueekata Chōki	1643-1654	Shō Ken, Shō Shitsu
Ba Hōki Kanegusuku Ueekata Ryōsei	1654-1665	Shō Shitsu
Mō Taiei Inoha Ueekata Seiki	1665-1688	Shō Shitsu, Shō Tei
Mō Kokuzui Sadoyama Ueekata Anji	1688-1693	Shō Tei
Ba Teishun Yonabaru Ueekata Ryōgi	1693-1694	Shō Tei
Mō Kokusei Inoha Ueekata Seihei	1694-1699	Shō Tei
Ba Teiki Kōchi Ueekata Ryōshō	1700-1710	Shō Tei, Shō Eki
Shō Genryō Tajima Ueekata Chōyū	1710-1716	Shō Eki, Shō Kei
Mō Ōhō Katsuren Ueekata Seiyū	1716-1719	Shō Kei
Shō Wasei Ie Ueekata Chōjo	1720-1745	Shō Kei
Shō Kentoku Fukuyama Ueekata Chōken	1745-1755	Shō Kei, Shō Boku
Mō Bunwa Urasoe Ueekata Anzō	1755-1759	Shō Boku
Mō Genyoku Ikegusuku Ueekata Anmei	1760-1769	Shō Boku
Ba Kokuki Yonabaru Ueekata Ryōku	1769-1796	Shō Boku, Shō On
Ba Kokugi Kōchi Ueekata Ryōtoku	1796-1798	Shō On
Mō Kokutō Takehara Ueekata Anshitsu	1798-1811	Shō On, Shō Sei, Shō Kō
Ba Ōshō Oroku Ueekata Ryōwa	1811-1818	Shō Kō
Ō Teitō Tamagusuku Ueekata Seirin	1818-1823	Shō Kō
Mō Teijō Ikegusuku Ueekata Ankon	1823-1829	Shō Kō
Shō Teikai Ginowan Ueekata Chōkon	1829-1835	Shō Kō
Mō Ishin Kochinda Ueekata Ando	1836-1839	Shō Iku
Ba Inchū Oroku Ueekata Ryōkyō	1839-1847	Shō Iku
Mō Kōtoku Zakimi Ueekata Seifu	1847-1858	Shō Tai
Shō Jorei Fukuyama Ueekata Chōten	1858-1871	Shō Tai
Shō Rinshi Kawahira Ueekata Chōhan	1871-1873	Shō Tai
Mō Yūhi Ikegusuku Ueekata Anki	1873-1877	Shō Tai
Ba Kensai Yonabaru Ueekata Ryōketsu	1877-1879	Shō Tai

Yūkaban ()

Name	In office	Kings
Mō Ryūgin Aragusuku Ueekata Anki	?-?	Shō Gen
Ba Ryōsen Urasoe Ueekata Ryōken	?-1566	Shō Gen
Ba Seiei Nago Ueekata Ryōin	1566-1592	Shō Gen, Shō Ei, Shō Nei
Ba Ryōhitsu Nago Ueekata Ryōhō	1592-1614	Shō Nei
Mō Keiso Tomigusuku Ueekata Seizoku	1614-1622	Shō Nei, Shō Hō
Shō Kakurei Kunigami Ueekata Chōchi	1622-1635	Shō Hō
Shō Kakusen Urasoe Ueekata Chōri	1636-1638	Shō Hō
Shō Hōgen Ginowan Ueekata Seisei	1641-1652	Shō Ken
Shō Seibun Mabuni Ueekata Chōi	1654-1670	Shō Ken, Shō Shitsu, Shō Tei
Mō Kokuchin Ikegusuku Ueekata Anken	1670-1690	Shō Tei
Mō Kenryū Takehara Ueekata An'i	1690-1697	Shō Tei
Mō Tensō Ikegusuku Ueekata An'i	1699-1710	Shō Tei, Shō Eki
Ba Kenzu Nago Ueekata Ryōi	1710-1728	Shō Eki, Shō Kei
Sai On Gushichan Ueekata Bunjaku	1728-1752	Shō Kei
Shō Ketsu Kochinda Ueekata Chōei	1752-1765	Shō Boku
Shō Hōten Wakugawa Ueekata Chōkyō	1765-1778	Shō Boku
Shō Kōki Fukuyama Ueekata Chōki	1778-1798	Shō Boku, Shō On
Ba Bunzui Yonabaru Ueekata Ryōtō	1798-1803	Shō On, Shō Sei
Mō Kōkoku Sadoyama Ueekata Anshun	1803-1815	Shō Kō
Shō Shōkun Ie Ueekata Chōan	1815-1826	Shō Kō
Mō Shikkō Zakimi Ueekata Seichin	1826-1836	Shō Kō
Shō Kan Kanegusuku Ueekata Chōten	1836-1839	Shō Iku
Shō Ryōhitsu Kuniyoshi Ueekata Chōshō	1840-1851	Shō Iku, Shō Tai
Shō Kōkun Sakuma Ueekata Seimō	1852-1854	Shō Tai
Shō Tōseki Kōchi Ueekata Chōken	1854-1857	Shō Tai
Ba Kokushō Oroku Ueekata Ryōchū	1857-1859	Shō Tai
Ba Chōtō Yonabaru Ueekata Ryōkyō	1859-1871	Shō Tai
Mō Inryō Kamegawa Ueekata Seibu	1871-1872	Shō Tai
Shō Kyoken Urasoe Ueekata Chōshō	1872-1879	Shō Tai

References

• Kerr, George H. (2000). Okinawa: the History of an Island People. (revised ed.) Boston: Tuttle Publishing.
• Smits, Gregory (1999). "Visions of Ryukyu: Identity and Ideology in Early-Modern Thought and Politics." Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.

External links

• Template:In lang中山王府相卿伝職年譜　向祐等著写本