Samuel Sanders Teulon

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Samuel Sanders Teulon (2 March 1812 – 2 May 1873) was an English Gothic Revival architect, noted for his use of polychrome brickwork and the complex planning of his buildings.

Family

Teulon was born in 1812 in Greenwich, Kent, the son of a cabinet-maker from a French Huguenot family. His younger brother William Milford Teulon (1823–1900) also became an architect.

Career

He was articled to George Legg, and later worked as an assistant to the Bermondsey-based architect George Porter. He also studied in the drawing schools of the Royal Academy. He set up his own independent practice in 1838, and in 1840 won the competition to design some almshouses for the Dyers' Company at Ball's Pond, Islington. After this his practice expanded rapidly. During the next few years his works mainly consisted of parish schools, parsonages and similar buildings, mostly in the Home Counties.[1]

He was a friend of George Gilbert Scott and became a member of the Council of the Royal Institute of British Architects on 6 January 1835. Between 1841 and 1842 he undertook a long study tour of continental Europe with Ewan Christian who remained a lifelong friend and became his executor. Also in company during the tour was Horace Jones who was later knighted and became architect to the Corporation of the City of London and Hayter Lewis, later Professor of Architecture at University College, London.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

He built his first church, the Early English-style St Paul, Bermondsey, in 1846. Soon after this he designed St Stephen, Southwark, a building adapted to its square site by being planned in the form of a Greek cross, with the recessed angles filled in by the tower, vestry, chancel aisles.[1] Teulon's religious views were Low Church, and his patrons were predominantly members of established aristocratic families who shared his outlook.[2] In 1848 he received a commission from the 7th Duke of Bedford to design cottages for the Thorney estate,[3][4] and the next year he built Tortworth Court, Gloucestershire, a substantial mansion in a kind of Neo-Tudor style, with a large central tower, for the Earl of Ducie.[1] Other clients included John Sumner, archbishop of Canterbury, who commissioned Christ Church in Croydon;[1] the Duke of Marlborough, for whom he refitted the chapel at Blenheim Palace in 1857-9;[5] the 10th Duke of St Albans and Prince Albert.

His work included the remodelling of several unfashionable 18th-century churches to suit contemporary tastes. Archibald Tait, the Bishop of London, praised his alterations at St. Mary's, Ealing, as "the transformation of a Georgian monstrosity into the semblance of a Byzantine Basilica".[1]

As well as Gothic Revival churches, he designed several country houses and even complete villages, as he did at Hunstanworth in County Durham in 1863.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Style

Despite his classical training, Teulon's early designs were mostly in imitation of Tudor and Elizabethan styles, and he soon became an enthusiastic follower of the latest developments of the Gothic Revival.[1] He was an enthusiastic user of Polychrome brickwork.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". His planning was often elaborate: Henry-Russell Hitchcock called his mansion at Elvetham Park in Hampshire "so complex in its composition and so varied in its detailing that it quite defies description".Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Some of his later work was, however, more restrained: for instance at St Stephen's Church, Rosslyn Hill, Hampstead, (1869–76) the exterior is of purple-brown brick,Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". of subtly varied tonesScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". with light stone trimming. The massing of the building is also simpler than in his earlier designs.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Death

For the last 20 years of his life until his death on 2 May 1873,[1] Teulon lived in one of four Georgian mansions on Hampstead Green which were demolished at the start of the twentieth century to make way for Hampstead General Hospital, which was itself demolished in the 1970s and replaced by The Royal Free Hospital. Opposite his home he designed St Stephen's Church, Rosslyn Hill. He is buried on the west side of Highgate Cemetery,[6] not far from the family vault of his former neighbour on Hampstead Green, Rowland Hill.

His great great great nephew, Alan Teulon, published a book on S.S. Teulon in 2009.[7] He was survived by four sons and four daughters.[1]

Works

  • St James's Vicarage, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire; additional wing 1844 (now demolished)Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Mary's Rectory, North Creake, Norfolk; 1845[8]
  • Holkham Hall, Norfolk, porch 1847[9]
  • St Paul's Parish Church, Bermondsey; 1848 (demolished 1961)[10]
  • All Saints' Parish Church, Icklesham, East Sussex; restoration 1848–49Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Church of the Holy Spirit, Rye Harbour, East Sussex; 1848–49Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Owlpen House, Owlpen, Gloucestershire; 1848 (demolished 1955-6, apart from the stables and lodge)[11]
  • Thorney Model Village, Cambridgeshire; from 1848[3][4]
  • St Mary's Parish Church, Pakenham, Suffolk; alterations 1849[12]
  • Queen's Terrace, Windsor, Berkshire; 1849Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Paul's Church, Sandgate, Kent; 1849[13]
  • St Peter's Church, Great Birch, Essex; 1849–50[14]
  • Tortworth Court, Tortworth, Gloucestershire; 1849–52Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St John's Parish Church, Rushford, Norfolk; restoration c.1850[15]
  • St Mary's Parish Church, Benwick, Cambridgeshire; 1850 (now demolished)[16]
  • St Mary's Parsonage, Grendon, Northamptonshire; 1850Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Mary's Church, Riseholme, Lincolnshire 1851[17]
  • St John's Parish Church, Kingscote, Gloucestershire; restoration 1851Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Christ Church, Croydon, Surrey; 1851–1852 (largely destroyed 1985)[18]
  • Holy Trinity Parish Church, Hastings, East Sussex; rebuilding 1851–59Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Andrew's Parish Church, Brettenham, Norfolk; restorations and remodelling 1852[19]
  • St James' Church, Edgbaston, Birmingham; 1852Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Margaret's Parish Church, Angmering, West Sussex; restoration 1852–53Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St John's Church, Ladywood, Birmingham; 1852–54Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Estate cottages, Windsor, Berkshire; 1853Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Andrew's Church, Watford; 1853-57[20]
  • School in Oxford Road, Woodstock, Oxfordshire; 1854Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • A cottage, Tortworth, Gloucestershire; 1854Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Sandringham House, Norfolk, porch and conservatory 1854[21]
  • Cholmondeley Castle, Cheshire; alterations 1854[22]
  • Schoolmaster's house and chapel, Curridge, Berkshire; 1854–55Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Christ Church Parish Church, Fosbury, Wiltshire; 1854–56Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Andrew's Parish Church, Lambeth, London; 1855[23]
  • St Mary's Vicarage, Steeple Barton, Oxfordshire; 1856Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St John the Baptist's Parish Church, Burringham, Lincolnshire; 1856–57[24]
  • Gisborough Hall, Guisborough, North Yorkshire; 1857 (also attributed to William Milford Teulon)[25]
  • Church of St Mary the Virgin, Sunbury-on-Thames, Surrey; internal alterations 1857[26]
  • St Thomas's Church, Pearman Street, Lambeth; 1857 (demolished)[27]
  • Shadwell Court, Rushford, Norfolk; extensions & remodelling 1857–60[28]
  • All Saints' Parish Church, Wordwell, Suffolk; restoration 1857 and 1866[29][30]
  • St Giles's Parish Church, Uley, Gloucestershire; rebuilding 1857–58Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Mary's Parish Church, Alderbury, Wiltshire; 1857–58Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Holy Trinity Parish Church, Oare, Wiltshire; 1857–58Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". - Pevsner considered it "the ugliest church in Wiltshire".Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • All Saints' Parish Church, Middleton Stoney, Oxfordshire; rebuilding 1858Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Bartholomew's Parish Church, Newington Bagpath, Gloucestershire; rebuilt chancel 1858Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Browne's Charity Almshouses and Chapel, South Weald, Essex 1858[31]Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St James's Parish Church, Leckhampstead, Berkshire; 1858–60Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Prince Albert's Workshops, Windsor Great Park, Berkshire; 1858–61Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Stephen's Parish Church, Manciple Street, Southwark; 1859 (demolished 1965)[32]
  • Chapel, Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire (additions)[33]
  • St John the Baptist's Parish Church, Netherfield, Sussex; 1859Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Christ Church, Wimbledon, London; 1859–60[34]
  • St Thomas's Church, Wells, Somerset; 1859-64[35]
  • Elvetham Hall, Elvetham, Hampshire; 1859–60Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Hawkleyhurst House, Hawkley, Hampshire; 1860Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Mary's Vicarage, Gainford, County Durham; 1860Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • St Silas' Church, Penton Street, Islington; 1860, completed 1863 by E.P. Loftus Brock[36]
  • Queen Victoria’s Teahouse, Frogmore; c.1860[37]
  • St Bartholomew's Parish Church, Nympsfield, Gloucestershire; rebuilt church 1861–63Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Mark's Parish Church, Silvertown, London; 1861–62[38] (now the Brick Lane Music Hall)
  • Huntley Manor, Huntley, Gloucestershire; 1862Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Bestwood Lodge, Bestwood, Nottinghamshire; 1862–65Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St John the Baptist's Parish Church, Huntley, Gloucestershire; 1863Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Village of Hunstanworth, County Durham; 1863Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Thomas's Parish Church, Agar Town, London; 1863 (now demolished)[39]
  • All Saints Church, Benhilton, Sutton, London; 1863[40]
  • St Mary's Parish Church, Woodchester, Gloucestershire; 1863–64Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Royal Chapel of All Saints, Windsor Great Park, Berkshire; 1863–66Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Peter and St Paul's Parish Church, Hawkley, Hampshire; 1865Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Mary's Parish Church, Horsham, Sussex; south aisle 1865Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Wrotham Park, Hertfordshire; alterations 1865[41]
  • St George's Parish Church, Hanworth, Middlesex; spire 1865[42]
  • Buxton Memorial Fountain in Victoria Tower Gardens, London; 1865[43]
  • Tyndale Monument, North Nibley, Gloucestershire; 1866Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Paul's Parish Church, Greenwich; 1866[44]
  • St Margaret's Parish Church, Hopton-on-Sea, Norfolk; 1866-7[45]
  • St Mary's Parish Church, Ealing, London; 1866–73[46]
  • St George the Martyr, Holborn; 1867-9[47][48]
  • St Andrew's and St John's School, Roupell Street, Lambeth; c.1868[49]
  • Lychgate to Church of St. Peter, South Weald, Essex 1868[50]Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Church of St. Peter, South Weald, Essex 1868[51]Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Stephen's Parish Church, Rosslyn Hill, Hampstead, London; 1869-71[52]
  • The Court House, St Andrew Holborn, London; 1870[53]
  • St John the Baptist's Parish Church, Windsor, Berkshire; alterations 1869–73Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Woodlands Vale, Ryde, Isle of Wight; 1870–71Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Frideswide's Parish Church, New Osney, Oxford; 1870–72Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Holy Trinity Parish Church, Leicester; remodelling 1871Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • St Andrew's Parish Church, Eastern Green, Coventry; 1875Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Enbrook House, Sandgate, Kent; 1852 (demolished)[54]
  • Riseholme Hall, Stable block (perhaps) Riseholme, Lincolnshire 1840–45[17]

Gallery

References

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  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ source: Miscellanea Geneaologica et Heraldica, 4 Series Vol II (1909) as noted in Alan Teulon's The Life and Work of Samuel Sanders Teulon (2009)
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Template:NHLE
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Template:NHLE
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Template:NHLE
  16. ↑ Cambridgeshire, p302, (Second edition) By Nikolaus Pevsner
  17. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Template:NHLE
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Template:NHLE
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Template:NHLE
  25. ↑ Template:NHLE
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Template:NHLE
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Template:NHLE
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Template:NHLE
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Template:NHLE
  37. ↑ Template:NHLE
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Template:NHLE
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Template:NHLE
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Template:NHLE
  46. ↑ Template:NHLE
  47. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  49. ↑ Template:NHLE
  50. ↑ Template:NHLE
  51. ↑ Template:NHLE
  52. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  53. ↑ Template:NHLE
  54. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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Sources

  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". http://www.northamptonchron.co.uk/community/nostalgia/famous_ancestor_built_chapel_for_royal_family_1_3288582 self-published book by historian and great-great-great nephew of S.S. Teulon [1]
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

External links

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Script error: No such module "Authority control".

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