Saddle joint
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A saddle joint (sellar joint,[1][2] articulation by reciprocal receptionScript error: No such module "Unsubst".) is a type of synovial joint in which the opposing surfaces are reciprocally concave and convex. It is found in the thumb, the thorax, the middle ear, and the heel.
Structure
In a saddle joint, one bone surface is concave while another is convex.[3][4] This creates significant stability.[3]
Movements
The movements of saddle joints are similar to those of the condyloid joint and include flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction.[1] However, axial rotation is not allowed. Saddle joints are said to be biaxial,[5] allowing movement in the sagittal and frontal planes.[2]
Examples of saddle joints in the human body include the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb,[6][7] the sternoclavicular joint of the thorax,[8] the incudomalleolar joint of the middle ear,[9] and the calcaneocuboid joint of the heel.[2]
Name
The term "saddle" arises because the concave-convex bone interaction is compared to a horse rider riding a horse, with both bone surfaces being saddle-shaped.[2][3] The saddle joint is also known as the sellar joint.[1][2]
References
Template:Reflist Public domain This article incorporates text in the public domain from Template:Wikidatathe 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918) Template:Main other
External links
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