Sacramento County, California

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Sacramento County (Template:IPAc-en) is located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 1,585,055.[1] Its county seat is Sacramento,[2] which has been the state capital of California since 1854.

Sacramento County is the central county of the Greater Sacramento metropolitan area. The county covers about Script error: No such module "convert". in the northern portion of the Central Valley, on into Gold Country. Sacramento County extends from the low delta lands between the Sacramento River and San Joaquin River, including Suisun Bay, north to about Script error: No such module "convert". beyond the State Capitol and east into the foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. The southernmost portion of Sacramento County has direct access to San Francisco Bay. Since 2010, statewide droughts in California have further strained Sacramento County's water security.[3]

History

Sacramento County was one of the original counties of California, which were created in 1850 at the time of statehood. The county was named after the Sacramento River, which forms its western border. The river was named by Spanish cavalry officer Gabriel Moraga for the Santisimo Sacramento (Most Holy Sacrament), referring to the Catholic Eucharist.

Geography

File:Sacramento from Riverwalk.jpg
Sacramento

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (2.0%) is water.[4] Most of the county is at an elevation close to sea level, with some areas below sea level. The highest point in the county is Carpenter Hill at Script error: No such module "convert"., in the southeast part of Folsom. Major watercourses in the county include the American River, Sacramento River, Cosumnes River, a tributary of the Mokelumne River, and Dry Creek, a tributary of the Sacramento River.

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly
18509,087
186024,142Script error: No such module "String".%
187026,830Script error: No such module "String".%
188034,390Script error: No such module "String".%
189040,339Script error: No such module "String".%
190045,915Script error: No such module "String".%
191067,806Script error: No such module "String".%
192091,029Script error: No such module "String".%
1930141,999Script error: No such module "String".%
1940170,333Script error: No such module "String".%
1950277,140Script error: No such module "String".%
1960502,778Script error: No such module "String".%
1970631,498Script error: No such module "String".%
1980783,381Script error: No such module "String".%
19901,041,219Script error: No such module "String".%
20001,223,499Script error: No such module "String".%
20101,418,788Script error: No such module "String".%
20201,585,055Script error: No such module "String".%
2024 (est.)1,611,231[5]Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[6]
1790–1960[7] 1900–1990[8]
1990–2000[9] 2010[10] 2020[11]

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2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 1,585,055. The median age was 36.9 years. 23.2% of residents were under the age of 18 and 15.0% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 95.6 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 93.1 males age 18 and over.[12]

The racial makeup of the county was 45.2% White, 9.6% Black or African American, 1.2% American Indian and Alaska Native, 17.8% Asian, 1.2% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 11.7% from some other race, and 13.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 23.6% of the population.[13]

97.6% of residents lived in urban areas, while 2.4% lived in rural areas.[14]

There were 564,445 households in the county, of which 33.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 28.9% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 25.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[12]

There were 587,551 housing units, of which 3.9% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 57.1% were owner-occupied and 42.9% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.0% and the rental vacancy rate was 4.1%.[12]

Racial and ethnic composition

Sacramento County, California – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[15] Pop 1990[16] Pop 2000[17] Pop 2010[10] Pop 2020[11] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 599,830 721,932 706,655 687,166 650,271 76.57% 69.34% 57.76% 48.43% 41.03%
Black or African American alone (NH) 57,883 93,970 118,073 139,949 145,724 7.39% 9.02% 9.65% 9.86% 9.19%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 8,827 9,854 9,070 7,875 7,432 1.13% 0.95% 0.74% 0.56% 0.47%
Asian alone (NH) 39,156 92,131 132,601 198,944 276,295 5.00% 8.85% 10.84% 14.02% 17.43%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [18] x [19] 6,788 13,099 18,011 0.55% 0.92% 0.55% 0.92% 1.14%
Other race alone (NH) 3,544 1,788 3,406 3,418 10,104 0.45% 0.17% 0.28% 0.24% 0.64%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [20] x [21] 51,016 62,141 102,784 x x 4.17% 4.38% 6.48%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 74,141 121,544 195,890 306,196 374,434 9.46% 11.67% 16.01% 21.58% 23.62%
Total 783,381 1,041,219 1,223,499 1,418,788 1,585,055 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
File:Ethnic Origins in Sacramento County, CA.png
Ethnic origins in Sacramento County

2010 census

The 2010 United States census reported that Sacramento County had a population of 1,418,788. The racial makeup of Sacramento County was 815,151 (57.5%) White, 200,228 (15.4%) African American, 14,308 (1.0%) Native American, 203,211 (14.3%) Asian, 13,858 (1.0%) Pacific Islander, 131,691 (9.3%) from other races, and 93,511 (6.6%) from two or more races. There were 306,196 Hispanic or Latino residents of any race (21.6%). Sacramento County has the largest population of Fijian Americans.[22]

2000 census

As of the census[23] of 2000, there were 1,223,499 people, 453,602 households, and 297,562 families residing in the county. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 474,814 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the county was 64.0% White, 10.6% Black or African American, 1.09% Native American, 13.5% Asian, 0.6% Pacific Islander, 7.5% from other races, and 5.8% from two or more races. 19.3% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 10.2% were of German, 7.0% English, 6.7% Irish and 5.1% American ancestry according to Census 2000. 75.7% spoke only English at home; 10.0% spoke Spanish, 1.5% Hmong, 1.4% Chinese or Mandarin, 1.3% Vietnamese, 1.2% Tagalog and 1.2% Russian.

There were 453,602 households, out of which 33.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.4% were married couples living together, 14.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.4% were non-families. 26.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.24.

In the county, 27.6% of the population was under the age of 18, 9.5% was from 18 to 24, 31.0% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.1% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.9 males. For every 100 female residents aged 18 and over, there were 92.5 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $43,816, and the median income for a family was $50,717. Males had a median income of $39,482 versus $31,569 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,142. About 10.3% of families and 14.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.2% of those under age 18 and 6.6% of those age 65 or over.

Government and policing

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Government

The Government of Sacramento County is defined and authorized under the California Constitution, California law, and the Charter of the County of Sacramento.[24] Much of the Government of California is in practice the responsibility of county governments such as the Government of Sacramento County, while municipalities such as the city of Sacramento and Folsom provide additional, often non-essential services.

It is composed of the elected five-member Board of Supervisors, several other elected offices including the Sheriff, District Attorney, and Assessor, and numerous county departments and entities under the supervision of the County Executive Officer. In addition, several entities of the government of California have jurisdiction conterminous with Sacramento County, such as the Sacramento County Superior Court.

Under its foundational Charter, the five-member elected Sacramento County Board of Supervisors (BOS) is the county legislature. The board operates in a legislative, executive, and quasi-judicial capacity. The current members are:

  • Phil Serna, District 1
  • Patrick Kennedy, District 2
  • Rich Desmond, District 3
  • Rosario Rodriguez, District 4
  • Pat Hume, District 5

The Sacramento County Code is the codified law of Sacramento County in the form of local ordinances passed by the Board of Supervisors.

Policing

The Sacramento County Sheriff provides court protection and jail management for the entire county. It provides patrol and detective services for the unincorporated areas of the county. Incorporated municipalities within the county that have their own municipal police departments or contract with the Sacramento County sheriff for their policing are: Elk Grove, 170,000, municipal department; Citrus Heights, 88,000, municipal department; Folsom, 78,000, municipal department; Isleton, sheriff contract; Rancho Cordova, 73,000, sheriff contract; Galt, population 26,000, municipal department.

Other law enforcement agencies in the county include the Sacramento County Park Rangers that service the County Parks, Twin Rivers Unified School District Police servicing police services for Twin Rivers School District, and the Fulton-El Camino Park District Police Department servicing Recreation and Park Districts.

The Fulton-El Camino Park District Police operating under the Fulton-El Camino Recreation and Park District was disbanded as of November 26, 2024, following an alleged mismanagement of government funds, ethical and moral dilemmas by Emily Ballus (General Manager) and Beth Johnson (Interim Chief of Police). ABC10 conducted an investigation regarding misappropriation of funds.[25][26]

Politics

Voter registration

Cities by population and voter registration

Overview

Sacramento County was politically competitive in most presidential elections between 1976 and 2004, but now votes significantly in favor of the Democratic candidates. Candidates from the Democratic Party have carried the county in the past eight presidential elections, and have won a majority of the county's votes five times during that timespan. The city of Sacramento is strongly Democratic, while rural areas are strongly Republican; suburban areas are more divided. This pattern is also present in congressional and state legislative elections. The last Republican presidential candidate to win a majority in the county was George H. W. Bush in 1988.

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In gubernatorial elections, Sacramento County is typically a bellwether, having voted for the winner every time since 1962 with the exception of 1970 and 2002.

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Gubernatorial elections results
Gubernatorial elections results
Year Republican Democratic
style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|2022 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|42.5% 202,933 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|57.5% 274,680
style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|2018 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|41.2% 212,010 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|58.8% 302,696
style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|2014 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|37.7% 122,342 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|62.3% 202,416
style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|2010 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|38.5% 162,369 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|56.7% 239,599
style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|2006 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|60.5% 218,889 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|34.2% 123,685
style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|2002 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|46.6% 147,456 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|40.8% 129,143
style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|1998 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|39.7% 142,970 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|57.4% 206,870
style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|1994 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|54.8% 196,229 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|40.9% 146,423
style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|1990 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|50.3% 167,982 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|44.7% 149,215
style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|1986 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|68.1% 207,086 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|30.1% 91,660
style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|1982 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|52.4% 171,176 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|44.7% 146,167
style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|1978 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|34.7% 88,445 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|54.9% 139,821
style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|1974 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|45.9% 104,595 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|51.6% 117,711
style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|1970 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|46.0% 105,523 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|52.5% 120,365
style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|1966 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|50.9% 109,801 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|49.1% 105,861
style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|1962 style="text-align:center;" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|37.7% 71,788 style="text-align:center;" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|60.7% 115,462

In the House of Representatives, all of California's 6th congressional district and portions of its 3rd, and 7th districts are in the county.[30]

In the State Assembly, all of the 7th and 8th districts and parts of the 6th, 9th, and 11th districts are in the county.

In the State Senate, parts of the 1st, 3rd, 4th, 6th, and 8th districts are in the county.

According to the California Secretary of State, as of October 22, 2012, Sacramento County has 698,899 registered voters, out of 944,243 eligible (74%). Of those, 306,960 (44%) are registered Democrats, 225,688 (32%) are registered Republicans, and 134,677 (19%) have declined to state a political party.[31]

Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Population and crime rates
Population[32] 1,408,480
Violent crime[33] 8,988 6.38
  Homicide[33] 70 0.05
  Forcible rape[33] 448 0.32
  Robbery[33] 3,282 2.33
  Aggravated assault[33] 5,188 3.68
Property crime[33] 31,835 22.60
  Burglary[33] 12,526 8.89
  Larceny-theft[33][34] 30,971 21.99
  Motor vehicle theft[33] 8,624 6.12
Arson[33] 366 0.26

Cities by population and crime rates

Cities by population and crime rates
City Population[35] Violent crimes[35] Violent crime rate
per 1,000 persons
Property crimes[35] Property crime rate
per 1,000 persons
Citrus Heights 85,112 329 3.87 3,117 36.62
Elk Grove 156,344 512 3.27 3,292 21.06
Folsom 73,678 85 1.15 1,277 17.33
Galt 24,163 59 2.44 470 19.45
Rancho Cordova 66,214 393 5.94 2,107 31.82
Sacramento 476,557 3,520 7.39 19,967 41.90

Education

Colleges and universities

Public universities
Community colleges
Private, not for profit
Private, for profit

K-12 education

School districts include:[36]

K-12:

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Secondary:

Elementary:

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Transportation

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File:Pocket-Greenhaven, Sacramento Canal.jpg
Pocket-Greenhaven

Public Transportation

Sacramento Regional Transit District, also known as Sacramento RT, provides public transit throughout the county. It operates bus services, as well as light rail services on the Blue, Green, and Gold lines. In addition, the Yolobus provides Sacramento County with service connecting to destinations in neighboring Yolo County, such as Davis. SacRT and Yolobus both provide bus services connecting Sacramento with Sacramento International Airport.

Amtrak and its Amtrak California subsidiary operate passenger rail service from the Sacramento Valley station. This station is served by the Coast Starlight, the California Zephyr, the Capitol Corridor, and the Gold Runner, which link the region with destinations across California and the United States.

Major highways

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Airports

Sacramento International Airport is a major, full-service airport with passenger flights. It is owned by the County of Sacramento. The county also owns Sacramento Mather Airport in Rancho Cordova and Sacramento Executive Airport, both of which are general aviation airports. Sacramento McClellan Airport, formerly McClellan Air Force Base, is a privately owned airport between North Highlands and Rio Linda. There are also privately owned public use airports located in Elk Grove and Rio Linda.

Public roadways

The Sacramento County Department of Transportation (SACDOT)[37] maintains approximately 2200 miles of roadway within the unincorporated area. The roads range from six lane thoroughfares to rural roads.[38]

Communities

File:OldTownElkGrove.jpg
Elk Grove
File:Lake Folsom.JPG
Folsom Lake

Cities

Census-designated places

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Unincorporated community

Former townships

File:Map of Sacramento County 1885.jpg
The 14 civil townships, 1885

In February 1851, the county was divided into eight civil townships: the seven marked by asterisks below, plus Sacramento township. In July of that year, American township was divided off from Sacramento township. In 1856, the Board of Supervisors realigned the divisions into the 14 civil townships below, plus the city of Sacramento.[39]

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  • Alabama
  • American
  • Brighton*
  • Center*
  • Cosumnes*
  • Dry Creek
  • Franklin
  • Georgiana
  • Granite
  • Lee
  • Mississippi*
  • Natoma*
  • San Joaquin*
  • Sutter*

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2020 census of Sacramento County.[40]

county seat

Rank City/town/etc. Municipal type Population (2020 Census)
1 Sacramento (State Capital) City 524,943
2 Elk Grove City 176,124
3 Arden-Arcade CDP 94,659
4 Citrus Heights City 87,583
5 Folsom City 80,454
6 Carmichael CDP 79,793
7 Rancho Cordova City 79,332
8 Florin CDP 52,388
9 North Highlands CDP 49,327
10 Antelope CDP 48,733
11 Vineyard CDP 43,935
12 Foothill Farms CDP 35,834
13 Orangevale CDP 35,569
14 Fair Oaks CDP 32,514
15 Galt City 25,383
16 Rosemont CDP 23,510
17 Parkway CDP 15,962
18 Rio Linda CDP 15,944
19 Lemon Hill CDP 14,496
20 La Riviera CDP 11,252
21 Gold River CDP 7,844
22 Fruitridge Pocket CDP 6,102
23 Wilton CDP 5,958
24 Rancho Murieta CDP 5,903
25 Elverta CDP 5,435
26 Mather CDP 4,698
27 Walnut Grove CDP 1,452
28 Clay CDP 1,252
29 Herald CDP 1,160
30 McClellan Park CDP 926
31 Isleton City 794
32 Courtland CDP 326
33 Hood CDP 244
34 Franklin CDP 167
35 Freeport CDP 58

See also

Notes

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  1. a b Percentage of registered voters with respect to total population. Percentages of party members with respect to registered voters follow.

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References

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  18. included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
  19. included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
  20. not an option in the 1980 Census
  21. not an option in the 1990 Census
  22. Template:USCensus2010CA
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  24. California Government Code § 23004
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  27. U.S. Census Bureau: Sacramento County, California. U.S. Census website. Retrieved September 6, 2025.
  28. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q California Secretary of State. February 10, 2025 - Report of Registration. Retrieved September 6, 2025.
  29. U.S. Census Bureau: Sacramento County, California. U.S. Census website. Retrieved September 6, 2025.
  30. Template:Cite GovTrack
  31. CA Secretary of State – Report of Registration – October 22, 2012 Template:Webarchive
  32. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B02001. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
  33. a b c d e f g h i j Office of the Attorney General, Department of Justice, State of California. Table 11: Crimes – 2009 Template:Webarchive. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
  34. Only larceny-theft cases involving property over $400 in value are reported as property crimes.
  35. a b c United States Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation. Crime in the United States, 2012, Table 8 (California). Retrieved November 14, 2013.
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External links

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