Rydułtowy
Script error: No such module "Settlement short description".Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Expression error: Unexpected < operator. Rydułtowy Template:IPAc-pl (Template:Langx) is a town in southern Poland, in the Wodzisław County of the Silesian Voivodeship.Template:TERYT Rydułtowy is in the south-western part of the Silesian Highland, on the Rybnik Plateau, in the Oświęcim-Racibórz Valley.
A mining town, Rydułtowy has been closely bound with the 200-year-old "Rydułtowy-Anna" coal mine.
History
Rydułtowy was first mentioned in a document of the Diocese of Wrocław from 1228 as Rudolphi Willa, when it was part of the Duchy of Racibórz of fragmented Piast-ruled Poland.
In 1861, Rydułtowy Dolne had an entirely Polish population of 1,066, while Rydułtowy Górne had 360 inhabitants.[1] In the late 19th century, the main occupation of the population was farming and coal mining.[1] In 1923, the first Polish scout troop of Rydułtowy was founded.[2] Rydułtowy Dolne and Rydułtowy Górne were merged in 1926.
Following the German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, Rydułtowy was occupied by Germany until 1945. Many local Polish scouts were killed during the war,[2] and some teachers from Rydułtowy were among Polish teachers murdered by the Germans in concentration camps as part of the Intelligenzaktion (see Nazi crimes against the Polish nation),[3] whereas two Polish policemen were murdered by the Russians in the Katyn massacre in 1940.[4][5][6] The German Nazi administration operated five forced labour camps in Rydułtowy, including a subcamp of the Auschwitz concentration camp.[7] The prisoners of the camps were initially Poles from nearby settlements, and then also French, English and Soviet prisoners of war.[8] Over 1,000 mostly Jewish prisoners were held in the subcamp of Auschwitz.[7] Prisoners unable to continue labour were sent back to Auschwitz and gassed there,[8] while over 50 prisoners died in the subcamp itself, also by suicide.[7] In January 1945, the Germans evacuated the prisoners on foot to Wodzisław Śląski, and then deported them to the Mauthausen concentration camp.[7]
In 1951, Rydułtowy was granted town rights, and the neighboring settlement of Pietrzkowice was included within town limits as a new district.[9]
Landmarks
- Housing in the Charles's building settlement
- Municipal Hospital buildings "Rydułtowy" ZOZ (health care service)
- Penitential cross
- Railway station
- Rail tunnel
- Scales building KWK "Rydułtowy" (coal mine)
- St. Hyacinth's Church
- St. George's Church
Sports
The local football team is Template:Ill. It competes in the lower leagues.
Twin towns – sister cities
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Rydułtowy is twinned with:[10]
- Template:Flagicon Hvidovre, Denmark
- Template:Flagicon Orlová, Czech Republic
- Template:Flagicon Reken, Germany
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Template:Cite Polish law
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
External links
- Jewish Community in Rydułtowy on Virtual Shtetl
Script error: No such module "Navbox".