Ruellia
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Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox
Ruellia is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as ruellias or wild petunias.[1] They are not closely related to petunias (Petunia) although both genera belong to the same euasterid clade. The genus was named in honor of Jean Ruelle (1474–1537), herbalist and physician to Francis I of France and translator of several works of Dioscorides.[2]
Numerous formerly independent genera are nowadays considered synonymous with Ruellia, including Blechum, Eusiphon, and Ulleria.[3] Acanthopale and Polylychnis are considered a distinct genera.
Ruellias are popular ornamental plants. Some are used as medicinal plants, but many are known or suspected to be poisonous. Their leaves are food for the caterpillars of several Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), typically Nymphalinae and in particular members of their tribe Junoniini, such as the larvae of the banded peacock (Anartia fatima). Nymphalinae using Ruellia as host plants include the common buckeye (Junonia coenia), recorded on R. nodiflora, the lemon pansy (Junonia lemonias), recorded on R. tuberosa, and the malachite butterfly (Siproeta stelenes) and Australian lurcher (Yoma sabina), which are recorded on several species.
Selected species
365 species are accepted.[3] They include: Template:Div col
- Ruellia acutangula NeesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia affinis (Schrad.) T.Anderson
- Ruellia angustior (Nees) LindauScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia asperula (Mart. & Nees) LindauScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia bahiensis (Nees) MorongScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia blechum L.
- Ruellia blumei Steud.
- Ruellia bourgaei Hemsl.
- Ruellia brevifolia (Pohl) C.Ezcurra – tropical wild petunia, red Christmas pride
- Ruellia californica (Vasey & Rose) I.M.Johnst.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia caroliniensis (J.F.Gmel.) Steud.
- Ruellia chartacea (T.Anderson) Wassh.
- Ruellia ciliatiflora Hook.
- Ruellia currorii T.AndersonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia densa HiernScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia devosiana Jacob-Makoy ex E.Morren
- Ruellia dielsii Mildbr.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia dioscoridis NapperScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia dissitifolia (Nees) HiernScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia drummondiana (Nees) A.Gray
- Ruellia elegans Poir.
- Ruellia eurycodon LindauScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia fulgida Andrews
- Ruellia geminiflora KunthScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – ipecacuanha-da-flor-roxa (Portuguese)
- Ruellia hapalotricha LindauScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia helianthema (Nees) ProficeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia humilis Nutt. – fringeleaf wild petunia, plains petunia, fringeleaf ruellia, hairy ruellia, low ruellia, zigzag ruel
- Ruellia hypericoides (Nees) LindauScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia incomta (Nees) LindauScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia insignis Balf.f.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia jaliscana Standl.
- Ruellia jussieuoides Schltdl. & Cham.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia kuriensis Vierh.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia macrantha (Nees) Gower – Christmas pride
- Ruellia macrophylla Vahl
- Ruellia makoyana Hort.Makoy ex Closon
- Ruellia mcvaughii T.F.Daniel
- Ruellia menthoides (Nees) HiernScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia multifolia (Nees) LindauScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia nitens (Nees) Wassh.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia noctiflora (Nees) A.GrayScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia novogaliciana T.F. Daniel
- Ruellia nudiflora (Engelm. & A.Gray) Urb.
- Ruellia patula Jacq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia paulayana Vierh.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia pedunculata Torr. ex A.GrayScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia prostrata Poir.
- Ruellia rasa HiernScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia rosea (Nees) Hemsl.
- Ruellia rufipila RizziniScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia simplex C.Wright
- Ruellia spissa Leonard
- Ruellia stemonacanthoides (Oerst.) Hemsl.
- Ruellia strepens L.
- Ruellia trachyphylla LindauScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia tuberosa L. – minnie root, fever root, snapdragon root, sheep potato, popping pod, duppy gun, cracker plant (syn. R. picta)
- Ruellia verbasciformis (Nees) C.Ezcurra & ZappiScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia villosa (Nees) LindauScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Uncertain status
- Ruellia brevicaulis (Nees) LindauScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (synonym Dipteracanthus brevicaulis NeesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) – Unplaced
- Ruellia eriocalyx Glaz.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ruellia flava Pers.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Unplaced
- Ruellia pohlii (synonym Dipteracanthus pohlii NeesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) – Unplaced
- Ruellia stenandrium
Formerly placed here
Numerous plants, mainly in the family Acanthaceae, are former members of Ruellia. Some examples are:
- Asystasia gangetica subsp. micrantha (Nees) Ensermu (as R. intrusa Forssk.)
- Asystasia gangetica subsp. gangetica (as R. zeylanica J.Koenig ex Roxb.)
- Blepharis ciliaris (L.) B.L.Burtt (as R. ciliaris L. or R. persica Burm.f.)
- Dyschoriste oblongifolia (Michx.) Kuntze (as R. oblongifolia Michx.)
- Hemigraphis repanda (L.) Hallier f. (as R. repanda L.)
- Hygrophila costata Nees et al. (as R. brasiliensis Spreng.)
- Hygrophila difformis (L.f.) Blume (as R. difformis L. f.)
- Hygrophila lacustris (Schltdl. & Cham.) Nees (as R. lacustris Schltdl. & Cham.)
- Hygrophila ringens (L.) R. Br. ex Steud. (as R. ringens L. or R. salicifolia Vahl)
- Lepidagathis alopecuroidea (Vahl) R. Br. ex Griseb. (as R. alopecuroidea Vahl)
- Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston (as R. antipoda L.)
- Mackaya neesiana (Wall.) DasScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (as R. neesiana Wall.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".)
- Stenandrium dulce (Cav.) Nees (as R. dulcis Cav.)
- Strobilanthes anisophylla (Lodd. et al.) T. Anderson (as R. anisophylla Lodd. et al.)
- Strobilanthes hamiltoniana (Steud.) Bosser & Heine (as R. hamiltoniana Steud.)[4]
- Strobilanthes tomentosa (Nees) J.R.I.WoodScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (as R. tomentosa Wall.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".)
- Teliostachya alopecuroidea Nees (as R. alopecuroidea, R. alopecuroides)
See also
- 21540 Itthipanyanan, an asteroid named after a student who authored an award-winning experiment[5] on the dehiscence and dispersion of Ruellia tuberosa seed pods.
References
External links
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