Parliament of Romania

Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox legislature

The Parliament of Romania (Template:Langx) is the national bicameral legislature of Romania, consisting of the Chamber of Deputies (Script error: No such module "Lang".) and the Senate (Script error: No such module "Lang".). It meets at the Palace of the Parliament in Bucharest, the capital.

Prior to the modification of the Constitution in 2003, the two houses had identical attributes. A text of a law had to be approved by both houses. If the text differed, a special commission (Template:Langx) was formed by deputies and senators, that "negotiated" between the two houses the form of the future law. The report of this commission had to be approved in a joint session of the Parliament.

After the 2003 referendum, a law still has to be approved by both houses, but each house has designated matters it gets to deliberate before the other, in capacity of "deciding chamber" (Template:Langx). If that first chamber adopts a law proposal (relating to its competences), it is passed on to the other one, which can approve or reject. If it makes amendments, the bill is sent back to the deciding chamber, the decision of which is final.

In 2009, a referendum was held to consult the population about turning the parliament into a unicameral body and reducing the number of representatives to 300. Although the referendum passed, the results are not binding, a referendum explicitly mentioning the modification of the constitution being required to achieve this.^[1]

History

The parliamentary history of Romania starts in May 1831 in Wallachia, where a constitutional document was adopted, more specifically Regulamentul Organic ("The Organic Statute" or "The Organic Regulation"); less than a year later, in January 1832, this same statute was implemented in Moldavia as well. The organic regulation laid the foundations for the parliamentary institution in the Romanian Principalities.

The Paris Convention of 19 August 1858 and, especially, Statutul Dezvoltător ("The Expanding Statute") of that convention (which introduced a bicameral parliament, by founding Corpul Ponderator, later renamed Senat), adopted on the initiative of prince (Domnitor) Alexandru Ioan Cuza, by means of a plebiscite (i.e. referendum) in 1864, perfected and enlarged the principle of national representation. Under the political regime established by the Paris Convention, the legislative power faced an obvious process of modernization, and the legislative power as National Representation, which operated in accordance with the organization and operation mode of parliaments in Western Europe at that time.^[2]

The historical process of formation of the Parliament of Romania in the modern age strongly boosted the affirmation of national sovereignty, subsequently leading to the Union of the two Romanian Principalities (i.e. Wallachia and Moldavia) in 1859. Under the dome of the Romanian Parliament, on 9 May 1877, the Declaration of Independence of Romania was read, and, in 1920, the documents of union with Transylvania and Bessarabia under the Treaty of Trianon (4 June 1920) were read, the formal beginning of Greater Romania, the enlarged interwar Kingdom of Romania (which also included the entire historical region of Bukovina as per the Treaty of Saint-German-en-Laye from 1919).

In February 1938, amid the rather chaotic European political atmosphere which eventually led to World War II, King Carol II, who always tended to favour his own personal rule over parliamentary democracy, imposed a rule of authoritarian monarchy. Under the royal dictatorship, the parliament became merely a decorative body, deprived of its main attributes.

Carol II abdicated in September 1940, and the succeeding National Legionary State suspended the parliament. The National Legionary State as such lasted less than five months, but it was succeeded by Ion Antonescu's military dictatorship, and the parliament still remained suspended. After 23 August 1944, under the pressure of Soviet and other communist forces, the parliament was re-organized as a single legislative body, the Assembly of Deputies, changed under the 1948 constitution, into the Great National Assembly, a merely formal body, totally subordinate to the power of the Romanian Communist Party (PCR).

The Romanian Revolution of December 1989 opened the road for Romanians to restore authentic pluralistic representative democracy, respecting human rights, and observing the separation of powers and the rulers' responsibility before representative bodies. Thanks to the documents issued by the provisional revolutionary power, Romania returned to a bicameral parliamentary system, represented politically as such both by the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. All these stipulations can be found in the country's new Constitution, approved by referendum in 1991.

During more than a decade of post-communist transition, the Chamber of Deputies and Senate debated and adopted numerous laws and regulations aimed at reforming the entire society on a democratic basis, guaranteeing respect of fundamental human rights, promoting reform and privatization, consolidating free market economic institutions and those of a state ruled by law, which led to Romania's integration into such notable international institutions as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 2004 and the European Union (EU) three years later in 2007.

List of presidents of the Houses

Last election of the President of the Chamber of Deputies: November 2021

The 1866, 1923, and 1938 Constitution of Romania state that the assembly presidents are elected at the beginning of each session. This tradition was kept in the early years of the People's Republic. In modern times, both presidents of the Chamber of Deputies and of the Senate are elected for the entire duration of that house's term. Under special circumstances the presidents of the houses can be revoked.

The political stance of the presidents of the assembly prior to the development of a modern party system is shown by:

Template:Color box C (Conservative)	Template:Color box MC (Moderate Conservative)
Template:Color box RL (Radical Liberal)	Template:Color box ML (Moderate Liberal)

The political stance of the presidents of the assembly after the development of a modern party system is shown by:

Template:Color box PNL = National Liberal Party (present-day)/historical	Template:Color box PC = Conservative Party
Template:Color box PNR/PȚB/PNȚ/PNȚ-CD = Romanian National Party/Bessarabian Peasants' Party/National Peasants' Party/Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party	Template:Color box PP = People's Party
Template:Color box PCD = Conservative-Democratic Party	Template:Color box PCP = Progressive Conservative Party
Template:Color box PND = Democratic Nationalist Party	Template:Color box PNC = National Christian Party
Template:Color box FRN = National Renaissance Front (from 1940 PN; Party of the Nation)	Template:Color box FP = Ploughmen's Front
Template:Color box FSN = National Salvation Front
Template:Color box PMR = Romanian Workers' Party (from 1965 PCR; Romanian Communist Party)	Template:Color box PD/PDL = Democratic Party/Democratic Liberal Party
Template:Color box PDSR = Party of Social Democracy in Romania (from 2001 PSD; Social Democratic Party)	Template:Color box ALDE = Alliance of Liberals and Democrats
Template:Color box USR = USR PLUS/Save Romania Union	Template:Color box Mil. = Military
Template:Color box Ind. = Independent

19th century

El. yr.	Leg. no.	LOWER HOUSE							UPPER HOUSE
El. yr.	Leg. no.	#	Name	Portrait	Born-Died	Took office	Left office	Party	#	Name	Portrait	Born-Died	Took office	Left office	Party
1862	I	Assembly of Deputies							not yet established
1862	I	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 1	style="background:Template:Party color"\| Metropolitan-primate Nifon Rusailă	style="background:Template:Party color"\| File:Nifon - Mitropolitul Ungro-Vlahiei.jpg	style="background:Template:Party color"\|	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 24 January 1862	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 2 May 1864	style="background:Template:Party color"\| Ind.	not yet established
1864	II	2	Alexandru Emanoil Florescu	File:No image.svg	1822–1907	29 December 1864	25 June 1865	C	Corpul Ponderator
		2	Alexandru Emanoil Florescu	File:No image.svg	1822–1907	29 December 1864	25 June 1865	C	rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color"\| 1	rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color"\| Metropolitan-primate Nifon Rusailă	rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color"\| File:Nifon - Mitropolitul Ungro-Vlahiei.jpg	rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color"\|	rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color"\| 6 December 1864	rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color"\| 1 June 1866	rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color"\| Ind.
		3	Emanoil Costache Epureanu	File:Manolache Costache Epureanu.jpg	1823–1880	12 December 1865	3 January 1866	C
		4	Nicolae Catargiu	File:No image.svg	1830–1882	9 January 1866	12 February 1866	C
1866 (Apr)	III	(3)	Emanoil Costache Epureanu	File:Manolache Costache Epureanu.jpg	1823–1880	9 May 1866	6 July 1866	C	Senat
1866 (Apr)	III	(3)	Emanoil Costache Epureanu	File:Manolache Costache Epureanu.jpg	1823–1880	9 May 1866	6 July 1866	C	rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color"\| (1)	rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color"\| Metropolitan-primate Nifon Rusailă	rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color"\| File:Nifon - Mitropolitul Ungro-Vlahiei.jpg	rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color"\|	rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color"\| 1 June 1866	rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color"\| 6 June 1868	rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color"\| Ind.
1866 (Nov)	IV	5	Lascăr Catargiu	File:Lascarcatargiu.jpg	1823–1899	12 December 1866	1 November 1867	C
		6	Anastasie Fătu	File:A. Fĕtul ca. 1850.png	1816–1886	15 January 1868	15 November 1868	RL	2	Ștefan Golescu	File:Stefan Golescu desen.png	1809–1874	6 September 1868	15 November 1868	RL
		7	Ion C. Brătianu	File:Ion C. Bratianu 01.png	1821–1891	18 November 1868	29 January 1869	RL	3	Nicolae Golescu	File:Nicolae Golescu desen.png	1810–1877	18 November 1868	9 July 1869	RL
1869	V	8	Costache Negri	File:Costache Negri.jpg	1812–1876	8 May 1869	17 November 1869	ML	4	Alexandru Plagino	File:D. William - Alexandre Const. Plagino - Ancien Ministre des affaires étrangerès.jpg	1821–1894	2 September 1869	4 March 1871	MC
1869	V	9	Grigore Balș	File:No image.svg	–1895	20 November 1869	1 May 1870	MC
1870	VI	10	Gheorghe Costa-Foru	File:No image.svg	1820–1876	2 July 1870	3 February 1871	C
1870	VI	11	Nicolae Păcleanu	File:No image.svg		5 February 1871	16 March 1871	RL
1871	VII	12	Dimitrie Ghica	File:Dimitrie Ghica.jpg	1816–1897	26 May 1871	17 February 1876	C	style="background:Template:Party color"\| (1)	style="background:Template:Party color"\| Metropolitan-primate Nifon Rusailă	style="background:Template:Party color"\| File:Nifon - Mitropolitul Ungro-Vlahiei.jpg	style="background:Template:Party color"\|	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 4 March 1871	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 5 May 1875	style="background:Template:Party color"\| Ind.
1875	VIII	12	Dimitrie Ghica	File:Dimitrie Ghica.jpg	1816–1897	26 May 1871	17 February 1876	C	rowspan="5" style="background:Template:Party color"\| 5	rowspan="5" style="background:Template:Party color"\| Metropolitan-primate Calinic Miclescu	rowspan="5" style="background:Template:Party color"\| File:Carol Popp de Szathmáry - Miclescu Calinic.jpg	rowspan="5" style="background:Template:Party color"\|	rowspan="5" style="background:Template:Party color"\| 9 June 1875	rowspan="5" style="background:Template:Party color"\| 25 March 1879	rowspan="5" style="background:Template:Party color"\| Ind.
1875	VIII	13	Constantin N. Brăiloiu	File:No image.svg	1809/10–1889	18 February 1876	3 May 1876	C
1876	IX	14	Constantin A. Rosetti	File:Constantin Alexandru Rosetti.jpg	1816–1885	25 June 1876	26 May 1878	PNL
		15	Gheorghe Vernescu	File:D. William - G. Vernesco - Ancien Ministre et Député.jpg	1829–1900	6 June 1878	15 November 1878	PNL
		(14)	Constantin A. Rosetti	File:Constantin Alexandru Rosetti.jpg	1816–1885	17 November 1878	9 June 1881	PNL
1879	X								6	Constantin Bosianu	File:Constantin Bosianu.jpg	1815–1882	25 May 1879	15 November 1879	PNL
1879	X								7	Dimitrie Ghica	File:Dimitrie Ghica.jpg	1816–1897	17 November 1879	8 September 1888	PNL
1881	XI	16	Dimitrie C. Brătianu	File:Dimitrie Brătianu.png	1818–1892	9 June 1881	21 October 1882	PNL
1881	XI	17	Dimitrie Lecca	File:No image.svg	1832–1888	21 October 1882	5 March 1883	PNL
1883	XII	(14)	Constantin A. Rosetti	File:Constantin Alexandru Rosetti.jpg	1816–1885	16 May 1883	17 October 1883	PNL
1883	XII	(17)	Dimitrie Lecca	File:No image.svg	1832–1888	19 October 1883	4 July 1888	PNL
1884	XIII	(17)	Dimitrie Lecca	File:No image.svg	1832–1888	19 October 1883	4 July 1888	PNL
1888	XIV	(5)	Lascăr Catargiu	File:Lascarcatargiu.jpg	1823–1899	10 November 1888	14 January 1889	PC	8	Ion Emanoil Florescu	File:Emanoil Ion Florescu 01.jpg	1819–1893	4 November 1888	7 December 1889	PC
		18	Constantin Grădișteanu	File:No image.svg	1833–1890	19 January 1889	16 November 1889	PC	9	Nicolae Kretzulescu	File:Nicolae Cretulescu.jpg	1812–1900	13 December 1889	6 June 1890	PC
		19	Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino	File:Cantacuzino.jpg	1833–1913	16 November 1889	22 February 1891	PC	(8)	Ion Emanoil Florescu	File:Emanoil Ion Florescu 01.jpg	1819–1893	17 November 1890	21 February 1891	PC
1891	XV	20	Gheorghe Rosnovanu	File:No image.svg	1832–1904	3 May 1891	11 December 1891	PC	10	Constantin Boerescu	File:No image.svg	1845–1928	1 March 1891	11 December 1891	PC
1892	XVI	21	Gheorghe Manu	File:Gheorghe Manu.jpg	1833–1911	26 February 1892	24 October 1895	PC	11	Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino	File:Cantacuzino.jpg	1833–1913	25 February 1892	24 October 1895	PC
1895	XVII	22	Petre S. Aurelian	File:Petre S Aurelian.jpg	1833–1909	9 December 1895	21 November 1896	PNL	(7)	Dimitrie Ghica	File:Dimitrie Ghica.jpg	1816–1897	9 December 1895	15 February 1897	PNL
		22	Petre S. Aurelian	File:Petre S Aurelian.jpg	1833–1909	9 December 1895	21 November 1896	PNL	12	Dimitrie Alexandru Sturdza	File:Sturdza.jpg	1833–1914	20 February 1897	31 March 1897	PNL
		23	Dimitrie Gianni	File:No image.svg	1832–1902	23 November 1896	21 April 1899	PNL	13	Eugeniu Stătescu	File:Eugeniu Statescu.jpg	1836–1905	31 March 1897	18 November 1897	PNL
		23	Dimitrie Gianni	File:No image.svg	1832–1902	23 November 1896	21 April 1899	PNL	14	Nicolae Gane	File:Nicolae Gane - Foto02.jpg	1838–1916	18 November 1897	21 April 1899	PNL
1899	XVIII	24	Constantin Olănescu	File:No image.svg	1845–1928	13 June 1899	21 September 1900	PC	(10)	Constantin Boerescu	File:No image.svg	1836–1908	13 June 1899	14 February 1901	PC
1899	XVIII	(19)	Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino	File:Cantacuzino.jpg	1833–1913	25 September 1900	14 February 1901	PC	(10)	Constantin Boerescu	File:No image.svg	1836–1908	13 June 1899	14 February 1901	PC

20th century

El. yr.	Leg. no.	LOWER HOUSE							UPPER HOUSE
El. yr.	Leg. no.	#	Name	Portrait	Born-Died	Took office	Left office	Party	#	Name	Portrait	Born-Died	Took office	Left office	Party
1901	XIX	Assembly of Deputies							Senate
		25	Mihail Pherekyde	File:1910 - Mihail Pherekide - preşedintele Camerei Deputaţilor.PNG	1842–1926	24 March 1901	9 December 1904	PNL	(13)	Eugeniu Stătescu	File:Eugeniu Statescu.jpg	1836–1905	24 March 1901	15 November 1902	PNL
		26	Ștefan Șendrea	File:No image.svg	1842–1907	9 December 1904	23 December 1904	PNL	15	Petre S. Aurelian	File:Petre S Aurelian.jpg	1833–1909	16 November 1902	23 December 1904	PNL
1905	XX	27	Grigore Trandafil	File:No image.svg	1840–1907	25 February 1905	23 February 1907	PC	(10)	Constantin Boerescu	File:No image.svg	1836–1908	25 February 1905	26 April 1907	PC
1905	XX	28	Constantin Cantacuzino-Pașcanu	File:No image.svg	1856–1927	26 February 1907	26 April 1907	PC	(10)	Constantin Boerescu	File:No image.svg	1836–1908	25 February 1905	26 April 1907	PC
1907	XXI	(25)	Mihail Pherekyde	File:1910 - Mihail Pherekide - preşedintele Camerei Deputaţilor.PNG	1842–1926	8 June 1907	15 December 1909	PNL	(15)	Petre S. Aurelian	File:Petre S Aurelian.jpg	1833–1909	9 June 1907	24 January 1909	PNL
		29	Basile M. Missir	File:No image.svg	1843–1929	15 December 1909	16 February 1910	PNL	(15)	Petre S. Aurelian	File:Petre S Aurelian.jpg	1833–1909	9 June 1907	24 January 1909	PNL
		(25)	Mihail Pherekyde	File:1910 - Mihail Pherekide - preşedintele Camerei Deputaţilor.PNG	1842–1926	16 February 1910	10 January 1911	PNL	16	Constantin Budișteanu	File:No image.svg	1838–1911	28 January 1909	10 January 1911	PNL
1911	XXII	(24)	Constantin Olănescu	File:No image.svg	1845–1928	8 March 1911	17 October 1912	PC	(11)	Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino	File:Cantacuzino.jpg	1833–1913	10 March 1911	23 March 1913	PC
1912	XXIII	(28)	Constantin Cantacuzino-Pașcanu	File:No image.svg	1856–1927	1 December 1912	11 January 1914	PCD	(11)	Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino	File:Cantacuzino.jpg	1833–1913	10 March 1911	23 March 1913	PC
									17	Theodor Rosetti	File:Teodor Rosetti.jpg	1837–1932	27 March 1913	3 July 1913	PC
									18	Ion Lahovari	File:Nicolae Petrescu Gaina - Ion Lahovari.jpg	1844–1915	3 July 1913	11 January 1914	PC
1914	XXIV	(25)	Mihail Pherekyde	File:1910 - Mihail Pherekide - preşedintele Camerei Deputaţilor.PNG	1842–1926	21 February 1914	11 December 1916	PNL	19	Basile M. Missir	File:No image.svg	1843–1929	21 February 1914	9 December 1916	PNL
1914	XXIV	30	Vasile C. Morțun	File:1910 - Vasile G Morţun - ministrul lucrărilor publice.PNG	1860–1919	11 December 1916	25 April 1918	PNL	20	Emanoil Porumbaru	File:Emanoil Porumbaru - Foto01.jpg	1845–1921	9 December 1916	25 April 1918	PNL
1918	XXV	31	Constantin Meissner	File:No image.svg	1854–1942	5 June 1918	5 November 1918	PCP	21	Dimitrie I. Dobrescu	File:No image.svg	1869–1948	4 June 1918	5 November 1918	PCP
1919	XXVI	32	Alexandru Vaida-Voevod	File:Vaida-Voevod.jpg	1872–1950	28 November 1919	1 December 1919	PNR	22	Paul Bujor	File:No image.svg	1862–1952	28 December 1918	26 March 1920	PȚB
1919	XXVI	33	Nicolae Iorga	File:RetratoNicolaeIorga.png	1871–1940	9 December 1919	26 March 1920	PND	22	Paul Bujor	File:No image.svg	1862–1952	28 December 1918	26 March 1920	PȚB
1920	XXVII	34	Duiliu Zamfirescu	File:Duiliu Zamfirescu - Foto01.jpg	1858–1922	30 June 1920	22 January 1922	PP	23	Constantin Coandă	File:Constantin Coanda.jpg	1857–1932	22 June 1920	22 January 1922	PP
1922	XXVIII	35	Mihail Orleanu	File:1910 - Mihail Orleanu - ministrul industriei şi comerţului.PNG	1859–1942	6 April 1922	27 March 1926	PNL	24	Mihail Pherekyde	File:1910 - Mihail Pherekide - preşedintele Camerei Deputaţilor.PNG	1842–1926	31 March 1922	24 January 1926	PNL
1922	XXVIII	35	Mihail Orleanu		1859–1942	6 April 1922	27 March 1926	PNL	25	Constantin I. Nicolaescu	File:No image.svg	1861–1945	3 February 1926	27 March 1926	PNL
1926	XXIX	36	Petre P. Negulescu	File:No image.svg	1870–1951	10 July 1926	5 June 1927	PP	(23)	Constantin Coandă	File:Constantin Coanda.jpg	1857–1932	8 July 1926	5 June 1927	PP
1927	XXX	37	Nicolae Săveanu	File:No image.svg	1866–1952	30 July 1927	10 November 1928	PNL	26	Constantin I. Nicolaescu	File:No image.svg	1861–1945	18 June 1927	10 November 1928	PNL
1928	XXXI	38	Ștefan Cicio Pop	File:No image.svg	1865–1934	23 December 1928	30 April 1931	PNȚ	27	Traian Bratu	File:TBratu.jpg	1875–1940	23 December 1928	30 April 1931	PNȚ
1931	XXXII	39	Dimitrie Pompeiu	File:DimitriePompeiu.jpg	1873–1954	20 June 1931	10 June 1932	PND	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 28	style="background:Template:Party color"\| Mihail Sadoveanu	style="background:Template:Party color"\| File:Mihail Sadoveanu (cropped).jpg	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 1880–1961	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 18 June 1931	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 10 June 1932	style="background:Template:Party color"\| Ind.
1932	XXXIII	(38)	Ștefan Cicio Pop	File:No image.svg	1865–1934	10 August 1932	18 November 1933	PNȚ	29	Neculai Costăchescu	File:No image.svg	1876–1939	4 August 1932	18 November 1933	PNȚ
1933	XXXIV	(37)	Nicolae Săveanu	File:No image.svg	1866–1952	10 February 1934	19 November 1937	PNL	31	Leonte Moldovan	File:No image.svg	1865–1943	10 February 1934	15 November 1935	PNL
1934	XXXV								31	Leonte Moldovan	File:No image.svg	1865–1943	10 February 1934	15 November 1935	PNL
									32	Constantin Dimitriu-Dovlecel	File:No image.svg	1872–1945	15 November 1935	15 November 1936	PNL
									33	Alexandru Lapedatu	File:Alexandru I. Lapedatu sitting.png		16 November 1936	20 March 1937	PNL
1937	XXXVI								33	Alexandru Lapedatu	File:Alexandru I. Lapedatu sitting.png		16 November 1936	20 March 1937	PNL
1939	XXXVII	(32)	Alexandru Vaida-Voevod	File:Vaida-Voevod.jpg	1872–1950	9 June 1939	5 September 1940	FRN/PN	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 34	style="background:Template:Party color"\| Nicolae Iorga	style="background:Template:Party color"\| File:RetratoNicolaeIorga.png	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 1871–1940	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 9 June 1939	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 13 June 1939	style="background:Template:Party color"\| Ind.
1939	XXXVII	(32)	Alexandru Vaida-Voevod	File:Vaida-Voevod.jpg	1872–1950	9 June 1939	5 September 1940	FRN/PN	35	Constantin Argetoianu	File:Constantin Argetoianu. Portret fotografic..jpg	1871–1955	15 June 1939	5 August 1940	FNR/PN
1946	XXXVIII	40	Mihail Sadoveanu	File:Mihail Sadoveanu (cropped).jpg	1880–1961	5 December 1946	24 February 1948	BPD	suspended
1948	XXXIX	Great National Assembly							abolished
		41	Gheorghe Apostol	File:Gheorghe Apostol.jpg	1913–2010	7 April 1948	11 June 1948	PMR
		42	Constantin Agiu	File:Constantin Agiu.jpg	1891–1961	11 June 1948	27 December 1948	PMR
		43	Constantin Pîrvulescu	File:Constantin Pirvulescu.jpg	1895–1992	27 December 1948	5 July 1949	PMR
		44	Dumitru Petrescu	File:No image.svg		5 July 1949	28 December 1949	PMR
		45	Alexandru Drăghici	File:No image.svg		28 December 1949	26 January 1950	PMR
		(44)	Dumitru Petrescu	File:No image.svg		26 January 1950	29 May 1950	PMR
		46	Constantin Doncea	File:Constantin Doncea.jpg	1904–1973	29 May 1950	6 September 1950	PMR
		(41)	Gheorghe Apostol	File:Gheorghe Apostol.jpg	1913–2010	6 September 1950	5 April 1951	PMR
		47	Ioan Vințe	File:Ion Vinte.jpg	1910–1996	5 April 1951	26 March 1952	PMR
		(41)	Gheorghe Apostol	File:Gheorghe Apostol.jpg	1913–2010	26 March 1952	6 June 1952	PMR
		48	Gheorghe Stoica	File:No image.svg		2 June 1952	30 November 1952	PMR
1952	XL	(43)	Constantin Pîrvulescu	File:Constantin Pirvulescu.jpg	1895–1992	23 January 1953	5 March 1961	PMR
1957	XLI
1961	XLII
1961	XLII	49	Ștefan Voitec	File:Stefan Voitec1.jpg	1900–1984	20 March 1961	28 March 1974	PMR/PCR
1965	XLIII
1969	XLIV
		50	Miron Constantinescu	File:Miron Constantinescu.jpg	1917–1974	28 March 1974	18 July 1974	PCR
		51	Nicolae Giosan	File:No image.svg	1921–1990	26 July 1974	12 December 1989	PCR
1975	XLV
1980	XLVI
1985	XLVII
1990	XLVIII	Assembly of DeputiesTemplate:Efn							Senate
1990	XLVIII	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 52	style="background:Template:Party color"\| Marțian Dan	style="background:Template:Party color"\| File:No image.svg	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 1935–2002^[3]	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 19 June 1990	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 16 October 1992	style="background:Template:Party color"\| FSN	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 35	style="background:Template:Party color"\| Alexandru Bârlădeanu	style="background:Template:Party color"\| File:Alexandru Barladeanu.jpg	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 1911–1997	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 18 June 1990	style="background:Template:Party color"\| 16 October 1992	style="background:Template:Party color"\| FSN
1992	XLIX	Chamber of Deputies							36	Oliviu Gherman	File:No image.svg	1930–2020	22 October 1992	22 November 1996	FDSN/PDSR
1992	XLIX	53	Adrian Năstase	File:Adrian Năstase3.jpg	1950–	28 October 1992	22 November 1996	FDSN/PDSR	36	Oliviu Gherman	File:No image.svg	1930–2020	22 October 1992	22 November 1996	FDSN/PDSR
1996	L	54	Ion Diaconescu	File:Ion Diaconescu.jpg	1917–2011	27 November 1996	30 November 2000	PNȚCD	37	Petre Roman	File:Petre Roman.jpg	1946–	27 November 1996	22 December 1999	PD
1996	L	54	Ion Diaconescu	File:Ion Diaconescu.jpg	1917–2011	27 November 1996	30 November 2000	PNȚCD	38	Mircea Ionescu-Quintus		1917–2017	4 February 2000	30 November 2000	PNL
2000	LI	55	Valer Dorneanu	File:No image.svg	1944–	15 December 2000	30 November 2004	PDSR/PSD	39	Nicolae Văcăroiu	File:Nicolae Văcăroiu.jpg	1943–	15 December 2000	14 October 2008	PDSR/PSD

21st century

El. yr.	Leg. no.	LOWER HOUSE							UPPER HOUSE
El. yr.	Leg. no.	#	Name	Portrait	Born-Died	Took office	Left office	Party	#	Name	Portrait	Born-Died	Took office	Left office	Party
2004	LII	Chamber of Deputies							Senate
		(53)	Adrian Năstase	File:Adrian Năstase3.jpg	1950–	19 December 2004	16 March 2006	PSD	39	Nicolae Văcăroiu	File:Nicolae Văcăroiu.jpg	1943–	15 December 2000	14 October 2008	PDSR/PSD
		56	Bogdan Olteanu	File:Bogdan Olteanu.png	1971–	20 March 2006	13 December 2008	PNL	39	Nicolae Văcăroiu	File:Nicolae Văcăroiu.jpg	1943–	15 December 2000	14 October 2008	PDSR/PSD
									—	Doru Ioan Tărăcilă (acting)	File:No image.svg	1951–	14 October 2008	28 October 2008	PSD
									40	Ilie Sârbu	File:Ilie Sarbu.jpg	1950–	28 October 2008	13 December 2009	PSD
2008	LIII	57	Roberta Anastase	File:Roberta Anastase.jpg	1976–	19 December 2008	3 July 2012	PDL	41	Mircea Geoană	File:Mircea Geoană - Feb 2024.jpg	1958–	19 December 2009	23 November 2011	PSD
									—	Petru Filip (acting)	File:No image.svg	1955–	23 November 2011	28 November 2011	PDL
									43	Vasile Blaga	File:Vasile Blaga 2012-10-18.jpg	1956–	28 November 2011	3 July 2012	PDL
		58	Valeriu Zgonea	File:Vizita Presedintelui Camerei Deputatilor Valeriu Zgonea la Slobozia2 (14278114469) (cropped).jpg	1967–	3 July 2012	20 December 2012	PSD	44	Crin Antonescu	File:Crin Antonescu - 24 February 2025 (cropped).jpg	1959–	3 July 2012	20 December 2012	PNL
2012	LIV					20 December 2012	13 June 2016		44	Crin Antonescu	File:Crin Antonescu - 24 February 2025 (cropped).jpg	1959–	19 December 2012	4 March 2014	PNL
									—	Cristian Dumitrescu (acting)	File:Cristian Dumitrescu.jpg	1955–	5 March 2014	10 March 2014	PSD
									45	Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu	File:Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu.jpg	1952–	10 March 2014	21 December 2016	Ind./PLR/ALDE
		—	Florin Iordache (acting)	File:HANDSHAKE - BRATISLAVA INFORMAL PARLIAMENTARY SUMMIT 2016-10-07 (30166706425) (cropped).jpg	1960–	13 June 2016	September 2016	PSD
		59	Florin Iordache		1960–	September 2016	21 December 2016	PSD
2016	LV	60	Liviu Dragnea	File:Conferinta de presa la sediul PSD Arad - 22.05 (7) (14465750525).jpg	1962–	21 December 2016	27 May 2019	PSD					21 December 2016	2 September 2019	ALDE
		61	Marcel Ciolacu	File:Marcel Ciolacu.png	1967–	29 May 2019	21 December 2020	PSD					21 December 2016	2 September 2019	ALDE
									—	Șerban Valeca (acting)		1956–2022	2 September 2019	10 September 2019	PSD
									46	Teodor Meleșcanu	File:Teodor Meleșcanu in 2017.jpg	1941–	10 September 2019	3 February 2020	Ind. with PSD support
									—	Titus Corlățean (acting)	File:Titus Corlatean.jpg	1968–	3 February 2020	9 April 2020	PSD
									—	Robert Cazanciuc (acting)		1971–	9 April 2020	21 December 2020	PSD
2020	LVI	62	Ludovic Orban	File:Ludovic-Orban (cropped).jpg	1963–	22 December 2020	13 October 2021	PNL	47	Anca Dragu	File:Anca-paliu-dragu (cropped).jpg	1972–	21 December 2020	23 November 2021	USR PLUS Template:Efn/USR
		—	Florin Roman (acting)		1974–	18 October 2021	2 November 2021	PNL
		–	Sorin Grindeanu (acting)	File:Sorin Grindeanu in Geneva - 2018 (25019917997) (cropped).jpg	1973–	2 November 2021	23 November 2021	PSD
		(61)	Marcel Ciolacu	File:Marcel Ciolacu.png	1967–	23 November 2021	15 June 2023	PSD	48	Florin Cîțu	File:Florin Cîțu - jan 2020 (cropped).jpg	1972–	23 November 2021	29 June 2022	PNL
		(61)	Marcel Ciolacu	File:Marcel Ciolacu.png	1967–	23 November 2021	15 June 2023	PSD	—	Alina Gorghiu (acting)		1978–	29 June 2022	13 June 2023	PNL
		—	Alfred Simonis (acting)	File:Simonis Alfred.jpg	1985–	25 June 2023	2 September 2024	PSD	49	Nicolae Ciucă	File:NicolaeCiuca.jpg	1967–	13 June 2023	23 December 2024	PNL
		63	Daniel Suciu	File:Vasile-Daniel Suciu (15 May 2019) (cropped).jpg	1980–	2 September 2024	23 December 2024	PSD	49	Nicolae Ciucă	File:NicolaeCiuca.jpg	1967–	13 June 2023	23 December 2024	PNL
2024	LVII	64	Ciprian Șerban	File:No image.svg	1985–	23 December 2024	23 June 2025	PSD	50	Ilie Bolojan	File:Ilie Bolojan official portrait (cropped).jpg	1969–	23 December 2024	23 June 2025'	PNL
2024	LVII	65	Sorin Grindeanu	File:Sorin Grindeanu in Geneva - 2018 (25019917997) (cropped).jpg	1973–	24 June 2025	Incumbent	PSD	51	Mircea Abrudean		1984–	24 June 2025	Incumbent	PNL

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Functioning

Prior to the modifications of the Constitution in 2003, the two houses had identical attributes. A text of a law had to be approved by both houses. If the text differed, a special commission (comisie de mediere) was formed by deputies and senators, that "negotiated" between the two houses the form of the future law. The report of this commission had to be approved in a joint session of the Parliament. This French procedure proved to be extremely long and inefficient with respect to the expectations of the Romanians towards democracy.

After the 2003 referendum, a law still has to be approved by both houses, but in some matters one is "superior" to the other, being called "decision chamber" ("cameră decizională"). This eliminates the process of "negotiation" between the two houses, and keeps the Senate as the upper house and the Chamber as the lower house.

Committees

Committees of the Chamber of Deputies (15):
– The committee for legal affairs, appointments, discipline, immunities and validations;
– Committee on Budget, finance, banking and capital market;
– The commission for economy, industry and services;
– Committee on Agriculture, Forestry and Rural Development;
– The Committee on Foreign Affairs;
– Committee on public administration, the territory and environmental protection;
– The commission for defense, public order and national security;
– Commission for work, family and social protection;
– Committee for Education, Science, Youth and Sports;
– Committee on Public Health;
– Committee for culture, art and media information in the table;
– Commission on Human Rights, religious and minority;
– The Committee on Equal Opportunities;
– Commission for privatization and management of state assets;
– Committee on research abuses, corruption and petitions.

Committees of the Senate (14):
– Committee for Economic Policy, Reform, and Privatization;
– Committee for Budget, Finance, and, Banks, Committee for Industries and Services, Committee for Agriculture, Forestry, Food Industry and Specific Services;
– Committee for Human Rights, Cults and National Minorities Issues;
– Committee for Public Administration Territorial Planning and Ecological Balance;
– Committee for Labour and Social Protection, Committee for Health and Family;
– Committee for Education, Science, Youth, and Sport;
– Committee for Culture, Arts, Mass Information Means;
– Committee for Legal Matters, Discipline, and Immunities;
– Committee for Defense Public Order, and National Security;
– Committee for Foreign Policy;
– Committee for the Investigation of Abuses, Corrupt Practices, and for Petitions;
– Committee for Standing Orders;
– Committee for information technologies and communications;
– Committee on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men.

Joint committees :
Standing committees:
– The Committee on European Affairs;
– The former Committee for European Integration;
– The Joint Standing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for the exercise of parliamentary control over the activity of the Romanian Intelligent Service;
– The Joint Standing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for the exercise of parliamentary control over the activity of the Foreign Intelligent Service;
– The Parliamentary Committee for the control of the implementation of the Law no.42/1990 for honoring the martyr heroes and granting rights to their successors, to the persons wounded in, and to the fighters for the victory of the Revolution of December 1990;
– The Joint Standing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for the statute of the Senator and Deputy, and organizing and functioning of the joint sessions of the Chambers;
– The Joint Standing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for the relation with UNESCO.

Special committees:
– The Joint Standing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for the elaboration of the legislative proposal regarding the election of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, of the President of Romania, of the authorities of the public local administration, financing of the elections campaign, and the election of the members of the European Parliament;
– The Joint Special Standing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for the control of the budget execution of the Court of Accounts during the year 2003;
– The Joint Special Standing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for establishing the antenna times for the election of the Romanian Members of the European Parliament;
– The Joint Special Standing Committee of Parliament for the antenna times for the national referendum regarding the introduction of the uninominal election of the members of the Parliament of Romania.

Inquiry committees:
– The parliamentary inquiry committee for investigations and clarifying the status of the bank accounts of Nicolae Ceaușescu;
– The parliamentary inquiry committee for investigations and clarifying the activity of ICE Dunărea;
– The parliamentary inquiry committee for investigations regarding interception of communications;
– The parliamentary inquiry committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate regarding the Bordei Park;
– The parliamentary inquiry committee for investigations and clarifying the spending way of the money obtained as a 2% quota from the privatization value, destined to the building of social housing, as established by the article 44, 2nd paragraph of the Law 10/2001 regarding the judiciary regime of the buildings abusively acquired by the state in the period 6 March 1945 – 22 December 1989, republished.

Composition

Template:Sidebar with collapsible lists

2020–2024

Seats in the Senate of RomaniaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Election table/category
Party		Election seating		Lost	Won	Present seating
Party		Seats	%	Lost	Won	Seats	%
Template:Party color cell	Social Democratic Party	47	34.55%	2	1	46	33.82%
Template:Party color cell	National Liberal Party	41	30.14%	4	0	37	27.20%
! style="background-color: Template:Party color" \|	Save Romania Union	25	18.38%	3	0	22	16.17%
! style="background-color: Template:Party color" \|	Alliance for the Union of Romanians	14	10.29%	2	0	12	8.82%
Template:Party color cell	Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania	9	6.61%	0	0	9	6.61%
Template:Party color cell	Force of the Right	—	—	0	3	3	2.20%
! style="background-color: Template:Party color" \|	Social Liberal Humanist Party	—	—	0	1	1	0.73%
! style="background-color: Template:Party color" \|	Romanian Nationhood Party	—	—	0	1	1	0.73%
Template:Party color cell	Independents	—	—	2	3	5	3.67%
Total		136	100	—		136	100

Seats in the Chamber of Deputies of RomaniaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Election table/category
Party		Election seating		Lost	Won	Present seating
Party		Seats	%	Lost	Won	Seats	%
Template:Party color cell	Social Democratic Party	110	33.33%	7	1	104	31.51%
Template:Party color cell	National Liberal Party	93	28.18%	16	3	80	24.24%
	Save Romania Union Template:Efn	55	16.66%	11	0	44	13.33%
! style="background-color: Template:Party color" \|	Alliance for the Union of Romanians	33	10.00%	10	1	24	7.27%
Template:Party color cell	Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania	21	6.36%	1	0	20	6.06%
	Parties of ethnic minorities	18	5.45%	1	1	18	5.45%
Template:Party color cell	Force of the Right	—	—	1	17	16	4.84%
	Renewing Romania's European Project	—	—	0	10	10	3.03%
	Social Liberal Humanist Party	—	—	0	4	4	1.21%
! style="background-color: Template:Party color" \|	Romanian Nationhood Party	—	—	0	4	4	1.21%
! style="background-color: Template:Party color" \|	The Right Alternative	—	—	0	3	3	0.90%
! style="background-color: Template:Party color" \|	Alliance for the Homeland	—	—	0	1	1	0.30%
! style="background-color: Template:Party color" \|	Association of Italians of Romania	—	—	0	1	1	0.30%
Template:Party color cell	Independents	—	—	13	14	1	0.30%
Total		330	100	—		330	100

2016–2020

Seats in the Senate of RomaniaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Election table/category
Party		Election seating		Lost	Won	End seating
Party		Seats	%	Lost	Won	Seats	%
Template:Party color cell	Social Democratic Party	67	49.26%	10	2	59	43.38%
Template:Party color cell	National Liberal Party	30	22.05%	4	0	26	19.11%
Template:Party color cell	Save Romania Union	13	9.55%	0	0	13	9.55%
Template:Party color cell	Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania	9	6.61%	1	1	9	6.61%
Template:Party color cell	Alliance of Liberals and Democrats	9	6.61%	5	3	7	5.14%
Template:Party color cell	People's Movement Party	8	5.88%	4	1	5	3.67%
Template:Party color cell	Humanist Power Party	—	—	0	2	2	1.47%
Template:Party color cell	Independents	—	—	0	15	15	11.02%
Total		136	100	—		136	100

Seats in the Chamber of Deputies of RomaniaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Election table/category
Party		Election seating		Lost	Won	End seating
Party		Seats	%	Lost	Won	Seats	%
Template:Party color cell	Social Democratic Party	154	46.8%	65	28	117	35.56%
Template:Party color cell	National Liberal Party	69	20.97%	6	3	66	20.06%
Template:Party color cell	Save Romania Union	30	9.11%	11	6	25	7.59%
Template:Party color cell	Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania	21	6.38%	1	0	20	6.07%
Template:Party color cell	Alliance of Liberals and Democrats	20	6.07%	10	4	14	4.26%
Template:Party color cell	People's Movement Party	18	5.47%	9	6	15	4.55%
	Parties of ethnic minorities	17	5.17%	0	0	17	5.17%
! style="background-color: Template:Party color \|	PRO Romania	—	—	0	21	21	6.38%
Template:Party color cell	Humanist Power Party	—	—	0	7	7	2.12%
Template:Party color cell	Independents	—	—	11	38	27	10.94%
Total		329	100	—		329	100

2012–2016

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2008–2012

Template:Transcluded section {{#section:2008–2012 legislature of the Romanian Parliament|Senate}} {{#section:2008–2012 legislature of the Romanian Parliament|Chamber of Deputies}}