Rennes Metro
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The Rennes Metro (Template:Langx) (Template:Langx) is a light metro system serving the city of Rennes in Brittany, France. Opened on 19 March 2002, it made Rennes the smallest city in the world to have a metro system from 2002 to 2008.[1]
Currently the system contains two lines, Line A and B. It has 28 stations and stretches Script error: No such module "convert"., with the majority of its route underground. Line A connects the quarter of Villejean to the quarter of Poterie, passing the city center. It is based on the Siemens VAL (véhicule automatique léger or light automatic vehicle in English) technology. In 2023, approximately 145,000 trips a day were made on Line A, and 80,000 on Line B.[2]
A second line, Line B, was opened on 20 September 2022.[3] It connects 15 stations, running north-east to south-west between Cesson-Sévigné and Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande. Two of these stations are interchangeable with Line A, forming an x-shaped network. It is the first metro line in the world to use the NeoVal technology. Originally planned to open in 2020, the line suffered multiple delays, mainly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. After the opening of Line B, Rennes became the smallest city in the world with two metro lines.
History
During the 1960s, Henri Fréville (the Mayor of Rennes) discussed the return of the city's tramway which had been dissolved by the Mayor's predecessor, Yves Milon. However, the former tramway was disliked due to it being out of tune with the car-centric mentality of the city. When Charles de Gaulle visited Rennes on 31 March 1969, he remarked to Henri Fréville, "When you have a million inhabitants, you can have your metro."
The planning document underpinning urban transport structure (plan de déplacements urbains) in Rennes underwent a redesign which began in September 1984. This redesign was brought about by Mayor Edmond Hervé, who sought to ease congestion and reduce its future risk by remapping the city centre.
Between June and September 1986, SITCAR conducted the first studies considering the creation of a public transport system, separated from road traffic, for Rennes in response to the continued increases in passenger frequency. Several studies were to be conducted considering two different modes of transport: tramway and light railway.
- 1986: City Council decides to create a transport line on a north-western/south-eastern axis.
- 1989: The municipality decides to use VAL technology.
- 1992: The A Line project receives planning and environmental approvals.
- 1997: Beginning of work on Line A.
- 2002: Opening of Line A.
- 2005: Three park-and-ride lots were set up
- 2006: Creation of Korrigo card
- 2007: City Council decides to create a second metro line (B)
- 2010: The municipality decides to use CityVal technology.
- 2011: The B Line project receives planning and environmental approvals.
- 2014: Beginning of work on Line B
- 2022: Opening of Line B
| Station | Line(s) | Inauguration Date [4][5] | Situation | District (Quartier) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Anatole France | Template:Ric | 15 3 2002 | Deep Underground | Rennes (La Touche) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Atalante | Template:Ric | 20 9 2022 | Overground | Cesson-Sévigné (Campagne Nord / Via Silva) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Beaulieu - Université | Template:Ric | 20 9 2022 | Overground | Rennes (Beaulieu) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Cesson - Viasilva | Template:Ric | 20 9 2022 | Overground | Cesson-Sévigné (Campagne Nord / Via Silva) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Charles de Gaulle | Template:Ric | 15 3 2002 | Deep Underground | Rennes (Colombier - Champ-de-Mars) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Clemenceau | Template:Ric | 15 3 2002 | Underground | Rennes (La Binquenais) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Cleunay | Template:Ric | 20 9 2022 | Deep Underground | Rennes (Cleunay) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Colombier | Template:Ric | 20 9 2022 | Deep Underground | Rennes (Colombier - Champ-de-Mars) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Gares | Template:RicTemplate:Ric | Template:Ric : 15 3 2002 Template:Ric : 20 9 2022 | Deep Underground | Rennes (Saint-Hélier) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Gros-Chêne | Template:Ric | 20 9 2022 | Deep Underground | Rennes (Maurepas) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Henri Fréville | Template:Ric | 15 3 2002 | Underground | Rennes (Italie) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Italie | Template:Ric | 15 3 2002 | Underground | Rennes (Italie) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Jacques Cartier | Template:Ric | 15 3 2002 | Deep Underground | Rennes (Villeneuve) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Joliot-Curie - Chateaubriand | Template:Ric | 20 9 2022 | Underground | Rennes (Longs-Champs, Jeanne d'Arc) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | J.F. Kennedy | Template:Ric | 15 3 2002 | Underground | Rennes (Villejean) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Jules Ferry | Template:Ric | 20 9 2022 | Deep Underground | Rennes (Fougères - Sévigné) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | La Courrouze | Template:Ric | 20 9 2022 | Underground | Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande (La Courrouze) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Template:Ric | 15 3 2002 | Overground | Rennes (Poterie) | |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Le Blosne | Template:Ric | 15 3 2002 | Underground | Rennes (Torigné) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Les Gayeulles | Template:Ric | 20 9 2022 | Underground | Rennes (Maurepas) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Mabilais | Template:Ric | 20 9 2022 | Deep Underground | Rennes (Arsenal-Redon) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Pontchaillou | Template:Ric | 15 3 2002 | Overground | Rennes (Villejean) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | République | Template:Ric | 15 3 2002 | Deep Underground | Rennes (Centre-ville) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Saint-Germain | Template:Ric | 20 9 2022 | Deep Underground | Rennes (Centre-ville) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Saint-Jacques - Gaîté | Template:Ric | 20 9 2022 | Underground | Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande (La Courrouze) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Sainte-Anne | Template:RicTemplate:Ric | Template:Ric : 15 3 2002 Template:Ric : 20 9 2022 | Deep Underground | Rennes (Centre-ville) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Triangle | Template:Ric | 15 3 2002 | Underground | Rennes (Torigné) |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | Villejean - Université | Template:Ric | 15 3 2002 | Underground | Rennes (Villejean) |
Line A
| Station | Line(s) | Inauguration | Situation | District | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| J.F. Kennedy | (a) | 15 March 2002 | Underground | Rennes
(Villejean) | |||||
| Villjean-Université | (a) | 15 March 2002 | Underground | Rennes
(Villejean) | |||||
| Pontchaillou | (a) | 15 March 2002 | Overground | Rennes
(Villejean) | |||||
| Anatole France | (a) | 15 March 2002 | Deep Underground | Rennes
(La Touche) | |||||
| Sainte-Anne | (a)(b) | 15 March 2002 | Deep Underground | Rennes
(Centre-ville) | |||||
| République | (a) | 15 March 2002 | Deep Underground | Rennes
(Centre-ville) | |||||
| Charles de Gaulle | (a) | 15 March 2002 | Deep Underground | Rennes
(Colombier - Champ-de-Mars) | |||||
| Gares | (a)(b) (TER)(TGV) | 15 March 2002 | Deep Underground | Rennes
(Saint-Hélier) | |||||
| Jacques Cartier | (a) | 15 March 2002 | Deep Underground | Rennes
(Villeneuve) | |||||
| Clemenceau | (a) | 15 March 2002 | Underground | Rennes
(La Binquenais) | |||||
| Henri Fréville | (a) | 15 March 2002 | Underground | Rennes
(Italie) | |||||
| Italie | (a) | 15 March 2002 | Underground | Rennes
(Italie) |
Triangle | (a) | 15 March 2002 | Underground | Rennes
(Torigné) |
| Le Blosne | (a) | 15 March 2002 | Underground | Rennes
(Torigné) | |||||
| La Poterie | (a) | 15 March 2002 | Overground | Rennes
(Poterie) |
Opened on 15 March 2002, Line A is based on the Siemens VAL (véhicule automatique léger or light automatic vehicle) technology. The Script error: No such module "convert". Line A runs roughly northwest to southeast from J.F. Kennedy to La Poterie via Gare de Rennes (served by Gares metro station), with fifteen stations (thirteen of which are underground).
Services run between 05:20 and 00:40 each day (except Thursday, Friday and Saturday between 05:20 and 01:35), and with a waiting time of approximately 80 seconds between trains. From end to end, it takes around 16 minutes, with an average train speed of Template:Cvt. All stations are equipped with platform screen doors and lifts.
The system has 30 trains, each weighing Script error: No such module "convert". and Script error: No such module "convert". long, with a capacity of 170 passengers.
In January 2005, three park-and-ride lots were set up, offering 900 places to motorists. Two more opened in 2006–2007, able to accommodate an additional 700 vehicles.
On 1 March 2006, a card called KorriGo was created as a supplement to the ticket system to improve the metro traffic and the city's bus network.
The line is maintained by Service des Transports en Commun de l'Agglomération Rennaise (STAR), and managed by Keolis. It has a staff of approximately 100. It is operated from a control centre (poste de commande centralisée) situated in Chantepie. 120 cameras monitor the stations.
The station at La Poterie and viaducts on the line were designed by Foster + Partners.
With a population of just 205,000 inhabitants for city proper (in 2002), Rennes was the smallest city in the world to boast a metro until 2008 (when Lausanne Metro opened). However in 2013, 425,000 people (211 000 in Rennes) are served by the network in 43 municipalities. On average, there are 135,000 metro trips each day; this figure is expected to rise to 180,000 in coming years, leading to possible gridlock during the rush hours.
Stations
The station names have been chosen for the nearest existing streets or for points of interest near the station locations.
- J.F. Kennedy (former US President)
- Villejean-Université: University of Rennes 1 and University of Rennes 2
- Pontchaillou (elevated): Teaching hospital
- Anatole France (French poet and journalist)
- Sainte-Anne (French queen and Duchess of Brittany): city-center
- République: city-center
- Charles de Gaulle (former French President): city-center
- Gares (SNCF interchange): city-center
- Jacques Cartier (French navigator and explorer)
- Clemenceau (World War I French Prime Minister)
- Henri Fréville (former mayor of Rennes)
- Italie
- Triangle
- Blosne
- La Poterie (elevated)
Station signage is in French and Gallo at Charles de Gaulle station and French and Breton at Gares station.
Gallery
-
An elevated section of Metro
-
The subsurface station, Sainte-Anne Quais
-
République station
-
République station
-
Kennedy station
-
Charles de Gaulle station
-
Pontchaillou station
.jpg){kind=link}
Line B
Opened on 20 September 2022, Line B is based on the new NeoVal technology. The line runs Script error: No such module "convert". north-east to south-west between Cesson - Viasilva and Saint-Jacques - Gaîté with 15 stations (12 of which underground). The line is interchangeable with Line A at two stations, Sainte-Anne and Gare, and two other stations, Saint-Germain and Colombier, are within walking distance to Line A.
The two terminal stations, Saint-Jacques - Gaîté and Cesson - Viasilva, as well as Les Gayeulles are served by the Parc relais (ride-and-park service) operated by STAR.
The north-eastern end of the line is served via a viaduct nearly Script error: No such module "convert". long. The viaduct is held up by 70 piers, with its average height between the bottom of its deck and the ground Script error: No such module "convert"., and the tallest pier Script error: No such module "convert". tall.[6] The viaduct serves three stations: Cesson - Viasilva, Atlante, and Beaulieu - Université. At the end of the viaduct on the "Beaulieu - Université" station side, the line goes underground via an opening on the ground next to the parking lots of the university residence.
With the new line about to be open, the operator of Rennes' public transport system, Service des Transports en Commun de l'Agglomération Rennaise (STAR) have announced changes for the bus network,[7] scheduled to take effect on 24 October, a month after the opening of Line B. In addition, the bus line C3, currently having the same shade of green as the future Line B, will change its colour to yellow.
To promote the newly opening line, STAR announced that the entire Line B will be free on the first week of its operation, until Sunday 25 September. In addition, there will also be various celebration activities held at 5 stations: Saint-Jacques - Gaîté, La Courrouze, Cleunay, Gros-Chêne, and Cesson - Viasilva, as well as exhibitions of the new metro at Sainte-Anne station.[8]
On the day of opening, both lines of the metro network saw record-breaking daily ridership, with 155,000 riderships on Line A and 120,000 riderships on Line B, and an estimated 10% of the riderships transferring between the two lines. The two transfer stations, "Sainte-Anne" and "Gares", also saw the highest daily ridership of 23,000 and 15,000. The operator STAR have expected a daily ridership of 110,000 in the long term.[9]
Stations
- Saint-Jacques - Gaîté
- La Courrouze
- Cleunay
- Mabilais (4th tallest building in Rennes, Le Mabilay)
- Colombier: city-center
- Gares : city-center
- Saint-Germain (Saint-Germain Church): city-center
- Sainte-Anne: city-center
- Jules Ferry (French statesman and republican philosopher)
- Gros-Chêne
- Les Gayeulles (Park of Gayeulles)
- Joliot-Curie - Chateaubriand (lycée Joliot-Curie and lycée Chateaubriand)
- Beaulieu - Université (University of Rennes 1, Institut national des sciences appliquées de Rennes, and École nationale supérieure de chimie de Rennes)
- Atalante (technopole of Rennes Atlante)
- Cesson - Viasilva
Social, economic and cultural impacts
Urban opening-up and redevelopment
The Rennes Metro helps to open up peripheral districts such as Maurepas, Gros-Chêne and Les Gayeulles, as well as the north-eastern quarter of the metropolis, thanks to reduced journey times: the first line put one in two Rennes residents within 600 m or a 10-minute walk of a metro station; the opening of the second line brings this number to three in four. Thus, the journey time between Cleunay and Beaulieu has been reduced from 40 to 20 minutes and no longer requires taking two different buses; that between the suburban commune of Betton and the Mabilais district has been reduced from 60 minutes, taking two different buses, to 35 to 40 minutes by combining the metro and metropolitan bus lines. These reduced journey times are accompanied by an increase in the use of public transport with a growth of 9% in most of the municipalities of the metropolis, 4% in Acigné, 21% in Cesson-Sévigné, Rennes and Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande, 22% in Bruz and even 68% in Chevaigné in 2023 compared to 2019. The metro adds to the "archipelago" urbanization of the agglomeration which avoids urban sprawl and encourages the use of transport, which is higher than in the Nantes agglomeration.
See also
References
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External links
Template:Sister project Template:Rapid transit OSM map
- STAR – official website Template:In lang
- STAR – new metro, new network Template:In lang
- Official website for the Line B project (in French)
- Map of Rennes Métro Template:In lang (in French)
- Rennes at UrbanRail.net Template:In lang
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