RKO Forty Acres

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". RKO Forty Acres was a film studio backlot in the United States, owned by RKO Pictures (and later Desilu Productions), located in Culver City, California. Best known as Forty Acres[1] and "the back forty,"[2] it was also called "Desilu Culver,"[3] the "RKO backlot," and "Pathé 40 Acre Ranch," depending on which studio owned the property at the time. For nearly 50 years it was known for its outdoor full-scale sets, such as Western Street, Atlanta Street, and Main Street and was used in many films (including King Kong (1933) and Gone with the Wind (1939)) and television series (such as Bonanza and Star Trek).[4]

The property was never actually forty acres in size.[1] It was a triangular parcel of Script error: No such module "convert".,[5] a few blocks from RKO-Pathé (later Selznick, Desilu-Culver, now "The Culver Studios")[6] which was situated to the west. It was bounded by Higuera Street to the north, West Jefferson Boulevard, Ballona Creek and Culver City Park to the south, and Lucerne Avenue to the west. In 1976 it was razed for redevelopment. Today it is known as the southern expansion of the Hayden Industrial Tract.[7] A number of the buildings in the industrial park have been converted to television studios. One of the shows produced at the park is Hell's Kitchen.

History

On 22 March 1926, Cecil B. DeMille leased the 28 1/2 acre property,[8] on which the backlot was located, from Achille Casserini, a Swiss immigrant,[9] for his production of the film The King of Kings (1927).[6] On it he constructed historical Jerusalem, which remained for the RKO production of King Kong (1933). By then it was known as Forty Acres and owned by RKO Pictures.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

In 1935, David O. Selznick leased the property from RKO for his new studio, Selznick International Pictures. For his production of Gone with the Wind (1939), the plantation Tara, the Atlanta Depot (based on Atlanta's 1853 Union Station), and other Atlanta buildings were constructed there.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

The depot and many of the Atlanta buildings became permanent fixtures on the property until its final days, while the set of Tara was sold in 1959 to investors who planned to open a theme park in the Atlanta area (see Tara (plantation)).

From 1943 to 1958, a separate part of the Script error: No such module "convert". known as the African jungle set, located on the opposite side of Ballona Creek, was used extensively for the Tarzan series by RKO, and later for The Adventures of Jim Bowie television series by Desilu.[5]

Following years of turnover by several owners, including Howard Hughes, the backlot was practically deserted and cinematic productions declined. It was purchased in 1957 by Desilu with the intention of filming for the burgeoning television industry.[10][11]

Television

Forty Acres is best remembered for providing the backdrop for the fictional town of Mayberry on the television series The Andy Griffith Show.[12] Many of the street scenes and buildings on the backlot were seen regularly on television screens across America and became quite familiar to viewers. The original Town of Atlanta set, comprising a New York style street, a town square and a residential area to the east, was situated in the center of the property and used on shows like Adventures of Superman,[4] Ozzie and Harriet,[4] Batman,[4] The Green Hornet,[4] and Mission: Impossible.[13] The town square was also used on Star Trek in three episodes titled "Miri," "Return of the Archons" and "City on the Edge of Forever," while another area of the lot, the "Arab village," was used in "Errand of Mercy" and the first pilot, "The Cage." Sharp-eyed television viewers could note many visual cues that crossed over from one series to the next, including the structures themselves or signs on doors and windows. For example, in Star Trek's "The City on the Edge of Forever," a crossover from The Andy Griffith Show can be seen by a sign for "Floyd's Barber Shop."[13]

Forty Acres was also the backdrop for an episode of My Three Sons entitled "The Horseless Saddle" (1961), and five episodes of the TV series Bonanza where the backlot's Western Street, next to the Garden of Allah (1936) set, served as a trail town. An added feature was the fact that some portions of the backlot were occupied by fields and scrub and provided the ideal conditions for filming a western. The Tara set, which sat on a sloping rise at the north western corner of the property, was razed in 1959 to become the Jerusalem set for The Greatest Story Ever Told. By 1965 the site was occupied by the Stalag 13 set for Hogan's Heroes.[4] Most of the sets, which included Camp Henderson on Gomer Pyle,[4] were situated primarily in the center, south and west end of the property. The narrower east end was the site of a western town set at one time, and was later home to an unusual, narrow alley set lined by two long facades facing each other. The alley set was constructed for the Robert Wise film Star! (1968) with Julie Andrews in the lead role, and it also later made a brief appearance in the film Switchblade Sisters (1975), as did the streets and buildings of the central town area.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Overall, the property was an undulating plateau with a southern slope (by the town square) that led to Ballona Creek. Trees screened the northern and southern perimeter of the property.

List of familiar backlot buildings

Core structures that stood for decades and appeared in many productions are listed here, most of which were constructed to represent, in Gone with the Wind, the antebellum Town of Atlanta, and later used for the fictional Mayberry. This portion of the backlot was the most permanent and thus the most recognizable, existing from 1939 until 1976. Other structures like the Jerusalem set, which was torched[6] to make room for the Atlanta set, or Tara, which was replaced with the Hogan's Heroes, did not survive as long. The western/European set at the east end of the backlot disappeared in the late sixties.

The two main arteries that traversed the Atlanta/Mayberry set were Atlanta or Main Street, which ran east/west and opened at one point onto a town square, and North Street, a cross street that bisected it at the four corners[13] just west of the square.

Image Structure flrs Location years Seen on Seen as
church 2 SE end of town square 1947–76
  • All Souls Church[13]
File:RKO backlot - Mayberry courthouse.jpg courthouse 2 NE of town square 1947–76
  • Mayberry Courthouse[13]
residence 2 across from church 1939–76
File:RKO backlot Mayberry bank.jpg bank 2 SE corner Atlanta/North 1939–76
  • Mayberry Bank[13]
  • National Hotel[14]
  • where Kirk & Spock emerge[15]
store/cafe 3 NW corner Atlanta/North 1939–76
  • Weaver's Department Store[13]
  • Norcross Merchandise[14]
File:RKO backlot - main hotel.jpg main hotel 2 center, town square 1945–76
File:RKO backlot - tall hotel.jpg tall hotel 4 NW of town square 1947–76
  • Mayberry Hotel[13]
  • Allegheny House
  • fire escape overlooking alley[16]
  • ...where Kirk steals clothes[13]
  • where Kirk finds Miri[13]
theatre 2 NW of town square 1939–75
  • Grand Theatre[13]
  • Paradise City Arena
  • 21st Street Mission[13]
  • Smallville depot/Daily Planet[12]
File:RKO backlot buildings.jpg buildings 2 rear of courthouse 1955–76
  • feed grain store[13]
  • Bartlett stable[13]
shop 2 E of town square 1955–76
  • Biggs used furniture[17]
  • Onlie's hideout[15]
File:RKO backlot - Floyds barbershop.jpg store plaza 2 N of town square 1955–76
  • Floyd's Barber Shop[13]
  • Still labeled "Floyd's Barber Shop"
File:RKO backlot Atlanta railway depot from Gone With The Wind.jpg depot 1 west of town 1939–71
  • Atlanta Railroad Depot
store/cafe 3 SW corner Atlanta/North 1939–76
  • Lake & Lewis Hardware[14]
Tara 2 NW portion of backlot 1939–59
File:RKO backlot building.jpg office 3 NW end of Atlanta St 1939–76
  • Atlanta Examiner[13]
  • where McCoy emerges[13]
File:RKO backlot cafe bank.jpg cafe 2 S side of Atlanta St 1938–76
hotel 2 SW of town square 1938–76
  • Travellers Hotel
  • Bijou Theatre[16]
  • Hotel Silsby / hospital[12]
townhouse 2 top of North St 1950–76
File:RKO backlot - Red Hour clock.jpg town hall 2 bottom of North St 1950–76
  • Headquarters 5th Air Force
  • "The Red Hour" clock[13]

List of known productions at Forty Acres

Film

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Television

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See also

References

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  1. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ "Back 40" is a term used colloquially in America to describe a parcel of land, specifically, forty acres (16.2 ha) or one sixteenth of a section, constituting the smallest unit of agricultural land commonly surveyed ("back 40", "front 40"); "back 40" also refers to an undeveloped plot of land (as on a farm, ranch, etc.) of unspecified size. Further reading: Public Land Survey System
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Amazon.com
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Burroughs Bulletin
  6. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑
  9. ↑ https://www.animationartconservation.com/hollywood-s-lost-backlot%2C-chapter-one.html
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ a b c d RKO Radio Pictures, Inc. - The Set Up (1949)
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Google Book Search
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Krumm, Jerry (no date) "Batman and Forty Acres" JimNolt.com
  26. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

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