RG-42

The Soviet RG-42 (Ручная Граната образца 42 года > Ruchnaya Granata obraztsa 42 goda, "Hand Grenade pattern of [19]42 year") was a fragmentation grenade designed by S. G. Korshunov.

While it was introduced as a stopgap measure to replace the complex and expensive RGD-33 grenade, it remained in use with the Soviet Union, Warsaw Pact countries, and allied nations such as People's Republic of China after World War II. In Soviet service it was used until 1981 during the Soviet-Afghan war.

Design

Unlike the RGD-33, the RG-42 was a simple design, being a little more than a steel sheet cylinder filled with explosives.Template:Sfn It required no casting and were produced in existing can factories. It also shared the UZRG fuse used on the F-1 grenade.Template:Sfn

It contained approximately Template:Convert of the high explosive (TNT) in a cylindrical stamped-metal can.Template:Sfn According to Rottman, the fragmentation liner was a thin sheet of steel rolled into three layers with diamond shaped grooves.Template:Sfn

The RG-42 was fitted with a UZRG or UZRGM fuze with a 3.2−4.2 second delay, same types used by the F-1 and RGD-5 grenades.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn

The grenade could be thrown about Template:Convert and has an effective fragmentation radius of approximately Template:Convert.Template:Sfn While the blast effect is dangerous over radius of at least Template:Convert.Template:Sfn

The total weight of the grenade with the fuze was Template:Convert.

History

The RG-42 was originally introduced during World War II from 1942 onwards as an emergency measure to replace the RGD-33 grenade,Template:Sfn a pre-war design which proved to be too complex to operate, too expensive and time-consuming to produce.Template:Sfn It remained in use with the USSR, Warsaw Pact countries, and Communist China in the post-war period.Template:Sfn

After World War II, it saw action with Communist forces in the Korean War alongside the Chinese-made Type 42;Template:Sfn and North Vietnamese troops during the Vietnam War.Template:Sfn

The RG-42 was still used by Soviet troops alongside the F-1 and RGD-5 as late as 1981,Template:Sfn during the early stages of the Soviet-Afghan war.Template:Sfn In the mountains of Afghanistan, the 3.2−4.2 second delay fuze not only gave the mujahideen enough time to search for cover, but it also posed the danger of the grenade rolling back to friendly positions after it was thrown.Template:Sfn As result the RG-42 was replaced by the RGN and RGO hand grenades,Template:Sfn which were introduced mid-1980s.Template:Sfn

In the 1990s, it was still used by Iraqi forces during the Gulf War;Template:Sfn During the Georgian Civil War several paramilitary groups purchased ex-Soviet surplus grenades from Russian officers; In 1992, prior to the First Chechen War, it was estimated that Chechen forces loyal to separatist leader Dzhokhar Dudayev captured 80,000 RG-42s from ex-Soviet stocks;Template:Sfn In 1994, several Afghan militias including the Taliban possessed some grenades alongside other Soviet small arms left behind following the collapse of the Najibullah regime.Template:Sfn

Despite the RG-42 age, it was "still likely to be found almost anywhere, especially in Africa and the Balkans" in the 2010s, according to Jane's;Template:Sfn In 2011, Azerbaijan security forces seized at least three grenades from Caucasus Emirate insurgents;Template:Sfn In 2019, during the war in Donbas, Ukrainian forces seized at least one grenade from the pro-Russian insurgents.Template:Sfn

Foreign copies

Although the RG-42 is considered obsolete, China still produced copies (as the Type 42 grenade) until the late 2000s, while Poland and Romania produced the RG-42 as late as 2010.Template:Sfn

According to US intelligence, Czechoslovakia and North Korea have also produced and used locally made copies of the RG-42.Template:Sfn

Users

• Template:Country data Afghanistan − Captured by the Afghan mujahideenTemplate:Sfn
• Template:Sfn
• Template:Flagicon image Caucasus EmirateTemplate:Sfn
• Template:Country data Chechen Republic of IchkeriaTemplate:Sfn
• − Produced locally as the Type 42Template:Sfn
• Template:Sfn
• Template:Sfn
• Template:Country data Georgia − Used during civil conflicts in 1990s
• Template:Country data IraqTemplate:Sfn
• − Were used at least until 1997
• Template:Country data PolandTemplate:Sfn − Were used at least until 2019
• Template:Sfn
• Template:Country data Soviet Union
• Template:Country data Ukraine − Several were kept in storage as late as 2017. Seen in use as late as April 2024, according to the Russian MoD
• Template:Sfn

Western Sources

• Brassey's Infantry Weapons of the World describes this grenade as having Template:Convert of TNT, Template:Convert fragmentation effect, and a Template:Convert tossing range.
• According to Jane's the RG-42 have a height of Template:Convert with fuse and Template:Convert without, and a mass without fuse of Template:Convert.Template:Sfn

Bibliography

• Template:Cite report

External links

• Finnish Junkyard