RD-58
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The RD-58 (Template:Langx, GRAU index: 11D58) is a rocket engine, developed in the 1960s by OKB-1, now RKK Energia. The project was managed by Mikhail Melnikov, and it was based on the previous S1.5400 which was the first staged combustion engine in the world.[1] The engine was initially created to power the Block D stage of the Soviet Union's abortive N1 rocket.[2] Derivatives of this stage are now used as upper stages on some Proton and Zenit rockets.[3] An alternative version of the RD-58 chamber, featuring a shorter nozzle, was used as the N1's roll-control engine.
The RD-58 uses LOX as the oxidizer and RG-1 as fuel in an oxidizer rich staged combustion cycle. It features a single gimbaled chamber, radial centrifugal pumps with auxiliary booster pumps, and an oxygen-rich preburner.[4] Recent modifications include a lightweight carbon-composite nozzle extender developed by NPO Iskra.[5][6][7]
The Buran spacecraft used two of an evolution of the RD-58M, called 17D12, as its main orbital correction engines. Instead of RG-1, it burned Syntin, and could be ignited 15 times.[8][9] It is assumed that it was the base for the RD-58S, which had practically the same specifications and powered the Blok DM-2M.[10] But the manufacturer states that the engine is compatible with both propellants.[1]
The current version of the engine is the RD-58M (manufacturer designation 11D58M), which has slightly reduced thrust, but increased isp. An even newer version is under development and is known as the RD-58MF (manufacturer designation 11D58MF). It will reduce thrust to Script error: No such module "convert". to keep the same length but increase expansion ratio to 500:1. This will enable it to gain 20s of isp (to an expected 372s). It will eventually fly on the Blok DM-03.[11] This new version of the engine will be built in the Krasnoyarsk Machine-Building Plant.[12][13] During a November 2014 interview, Vladimir Kolmykov, the Deputy General Director of the Chemical Division of Krasnoyarsk Machine-Building Plant, stated that the production of Block-DM was suspended during that year, but work on the stage and development of the RD-58MF will resume during 2015.[14]
Versions
This engine has had many versions through the years:
- RD-58 (GRAU Index 11D58): Original version developed for the Blok D of the N1 (rocket).[2][15]
- RD-58M (GRAU Index 11D58M): Improved version developed for the Proton Blok D.[4][16]
- RD-58M (Carbon-carbon nozzle): Version of the RD-58M that replaces the regeneratively cooled nozzle for a carbon-carbon extension manufactured by NPO Iskra. Used on Zenit-3SL's Blok DM-SL since June 10, 2003 on the Thuraya 2 launch.[5][6][7]
- RD-58MF (GRAU Index 11D58MF): Reduced thrust and increased specific impulse version expected to fly on the Proton and Zenit Blok DM-03. Will probably also use a carbon-carbon nozzle extension.[17]
- RD-58S (GRAU Index 11D58S): Version designed to use Syntin synthetic propellant rather than RG-1. Used on the Blok DM-2M. Probably developed based on the 17D12.[10][18][19]
- RD-58Z (GRAU Index 11D58Z): Version adapted to the Zenit Blok DM-SL.[6][20]
- 17D12: Orbital maneuvering engines (DOM) of the Buran propulsion system 17D11, burned Syntin/LOX.[8][9][21]
| Name | RD-58 | RD-58M | RD-58M (Carbon Composite Nozzle) |
RD-58S | RD-58Z | RD-58MF | 17D12 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Index | 11D58 | 11D58M | 11D58S | 11D58Z | 11D58MF | ||
| Development years | 1964–1968 | 1970–1974 | 2000–2004 | 1986–1995 | 1981–1990 | 2002–2009 | 1981–1987 |
| Engine Type | Oxidizer Rich Stage Combustion upper stage liquid rocket engine | Orbital correction liquid rocket engine | |||||
| Propellant | RG-1/LOX | RG-1/LOX | RG-1/LOX | Syntin/LOX | RG-1/LOX | RG-1/LOX | Syntin/LOX |
| O/F | 2.48 | 2.48 | 2.82 | ? | 2.6 | 2.82 | ? |
| Chamber Pressure | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". |
| Thrust (Vac) | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". |
| Isp (Vac) | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". |
| Nozzle Expansion | 189 | 189 | 280 | 189 | 189 | 500 | 189 |
| Ignitions | 4 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 5 | ? | 15 |
| Burntime | 600 seconds | 720 seconds | 1200 seconds | 680 seconds | 660 seconds | ? seconds | 680 seconds |
| Length | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | |
| Diameter | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | |
| Weight | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | Script error: No such module "convert". | |
| Used on | N-1 and Blok D | Blok DM | Blok DM-SL since 2003 and Blok DM-SLB | Blok DM-2M | Blok DM-SL | 11S861-03 | Buran |
| First Launch | 1967-03-10 | 1974-03-26 | 2003-06-10 | 1994-10-13 | 1999-03-28 | ? | 1988-11-15 |
| Status | Retired | Retired | In Production | Retired | Retired | In Production | Retired |
| References | [22][2][3][4][5][6][8][9][10][11][15][16][17][18][19][20][23] | ||||||
References
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