R-29RM
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The R-29RM[1] (Template:Langx, NATO reporting name SS-N-23 Skiff) was a liquid propellant, submarine-launched ballistic missile in use by the Russian Navy. It had the alternate Russian designations RSM-54 and GRAU index 3M27.[2] It was designed to be launched from the Delta IV submarine, each of which is capable of carrying 16 missiles. The R-29RM could carry four 100 kiloton warheads and had a range of about Script error: No such module "convert"..[3] They were replaced with the newer R-29RMU2 Sineva and later with the enhanced variant R-29RMU2.1 Layner.
History
Development
Development of the R-29RM started in 1979 at the Makeyev Rocket Design Bureau. The navy accepted the armament in 1986 and subsequently installed the D-9RM launch system consisting of a cluster of 16 R-29RM on board the nuclear-propelled Project 667BDRM submarines.[4]
Operation Behemoth
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". On 6 August 1991 at 21:09, K-407 Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., under the command of Captain Second Rank Sergey Yegorov, became the world's only submarine to successfully launch an all-missile salvo, launching 16 R-29RM (RSM-54) ballistic missiles of the total weight of almost 700 tons in 244 seconds (operation code name "Behemoth-2"). All the missile hit their designated targets at the Kura Missile Test Range in Kamchatka.[5]
Space launch vehicle
Several R-29RM were retrofitted as Shtil' carrier rockets to be launched by Delta-class submarines, the submarines being mobile can send a payload directly into a heliosynchronous orbit, notably used by imaging satellites. Outside the confines of the Russian military, this capability has been used commercially to place three out of four microsatellites into a low Earth orbit with one cancellation assigned to the Baikonur Cosmodrome for better financial terms.
End of service
The last boat carrying R-29RM, K-51 Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., went into refit to be rearmed with the newer R-29RMU Sineva on 23 August 2010.[6]Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Operators
Former operators
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- Russian Navy (1992-2010)
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- Soviet Navy (1986-1991)
See also
- R-29 Vysota
- R-29RMU Sineva
- R-29RMU2 Layner
- RSM-56 Bulava
- UGM-133 Trident II
- M51 (missile)
- JL-3
- K-6
- Pukguksong-6
- R-39 Rif
- R-39M
References
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External links
- CSIS Missile Threat SS-N-23
- IDB RSM-54 (R-29RM) 3M37, SS-N-23 "Skiff" (Russian) Template:Webarchive
- Russian nuclear delivery systems at the Center for Defense Information
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