Quercygale
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Quercygale ("weasel from Quercy") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from the clade Carnivoraformes, that lived in Europe during the early to late Eocene.[1][2]
Relation to other taxa
Currently, Quercygale is either assigned to no family (i. e. it is just classified as one of the basal genera of Carnivoraformes) or it is assigned to the paraphyletic family Miacidae.[3] Phylogenetic analysis of the basicranial morphology of carnivoramorphans suggests that Quercygale is the most advanced member of the clade Carnivoraformes as a sister taxon to crown-clade Carnivora, predating the split between Feliformia and Caniformia.[4][5][6] Another recent study, however, has proposed that the genus Quercygale should be placed as a stem group within Feliformia.[7]
In the past (till about 2010), Quercygale was assigned either to the family Miacidae (which was considered monophyletic in the past), or to the family Viverravidae. Only one author (Kretzoi 1945) classified it as the only genus of its own family Quercygalidae (Quercygalidae, however, was considered another name for the family Miacidae by another author). Alternatively, individual authors considered Quercygale to be a basal genus of Caniformia or a synonym of the genus Tapocyon.[4][8][9]
Species
| Species: | Distribution of the species and type locality: | Age: |
|---|---|---|
| †Q. angustidens (Filhol, 1872)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[10] | File:Flag of France.svg France (Quercy Phosphorites and Sables Du Castrais) | 40.0–37.5 Ma |
| †Q. hastingsae (Davies, 1884)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[11] | File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg UK (Headon Bedes) | 37.8–37.5 Ma |
| †Q. helvetica (Rütimeyer, 1862)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[12] | File:Flag of France.svg France File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland |
47.8–41.2 Ma |
| †Q. smithi (Solé, 2014)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[5] | File:Flag of France.svg France (Mutigny and Mancy) | 55.2–47.8 Ma |
| †Q. sp. [MNNA 9010] (Astibia, 2000)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[13] | File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain (Basque Country) | 37.0–35.0 Ma |
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References
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- ↑ Solé, F. et al. Dental and Tarsal Anatomy of 'Miacis' latouri and a Phylogenetic Analysis of the Earliest Carnivoraforms (Mammalia, Carnivoramorpha). Journal of Vert. Paleontology. 34 (1), Jan 2014: 1-21. [1]
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ FLYNN, J. J., GALIANO, H. Phylogeny of early Tertiary Carnivora : with a description of a new species of Protictis from the Middle Eocene of northwestern Wyoming. American Museum novitates ; no. 2725. 1982 [2]
- ↑ CARROLL, R. L. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. W.H. Freeman and Company, New York. 1988. p. 633
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Rütimeyer, L. (1862.) "Eocaene Säugetiere aus dem Gebiet des Schweizerischen Jura." Neue Denkschriften der allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für die gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 19, 1–98.
- ↑ H. Astibia, A. Aranburu, X. Pereda Suberbiola, X. Murelaga, C. Sesé, M. A. Cuesta, S. Moyà-Solà, J. E. Baceta, A. Badiola and M. Köhler (2000.) "Un nouveau site à vertébrés continentaux de l'Éocène supérieur de Zambrana (Bassin de Maranda-Treviño, Alava, Pays basque)." Géobios 32(2):233-248
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