Pumpkin pie
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "check for unknown parameters".
Pumpkin pie is a dessert pie with a spiced, pumpkin-based custard filling. The pumpkin and pumpkin pie are both a symbol of harvest time,[1][2] and pumpkin pie is generally eaten during the fall and early winter. In the United States and Canada it is usually prepared for Thanksgiving,[3] Christmas,Script error: No such module "Unsubst". and other occasions when pumpkin is in season.
The pie's filling ranges in color from orange to brown and is baked in a single pie shell, usually without a top crust. The pie is generally flavored with pumpkin pie spice, a blend that includes cinnamon, ginger, nutmeg, and cloves or allspice. The pie is usually prepared with canned pumpkin, but fresh-cooked pumpkin can be used.
Overview
Cooked and puréed pumpkin flesh is mixed with eggs, evaporated milk, sugar, and spices.[4] The pie is then baked in a pie shell and sometimes topped with whipped cream or marshmallows.[5]
Pies made from fresh pumpkins typically use sugar pumpkins, also known as pie pumpkins, which measure about Script error: No such module "convert". in diameter, approximately the size of a large grapefruit.[6] They are considerably smaller than the typically larger varieties used to carve jack o'lanterns, contain significantly less pulp, and have a less stringy texture.[6] Other pumpkin varieties or related winter squashes, such as butternut squash, are sometimes used. The flesh is roasted until soft and puréed before being blended with the other ingredients.
Pumpkin pies are often made from canned pumpkin purée.[7] Libby's canned pumpkin, the most popular brand, uses the Dickinson pumpkin variety of Cucurbita moschata solely, though other brands can include any of a number of varieties of Cucurbita pepo or Cucurbita maxima.[8][9][10] Packaged pumpkin pie filling with sugar and spices already included is also sold. Sweet potato pie uses a similar recipe, with mashed sweet potato instead of pumpkin.[11]
History
The pumpkin is native to North America. The pumpkin was an early export to France; from there it was introduced to Tudor England, and the flesh of the "pompion" was quickly accepted as pie filling. The Columbian Exchange is credited with the fusion of ingredients needed to create pumpkin pie. Those ingredients consisted of European wheat, North American pumpkins, and sugar from the Canary Islands.[12] During the seventeenth century, pumpkin pie recipes with the pumpkin sliced, fried and then baked in a pie crust with butter, sugar and raisins could be found in English cookbooks, such as Hannah Woolley's The Gentlewoman's Companion and The Queen-like Closet [13][14][15] Pumpkin "pies" made by early American colonists were more likely to be a savory soup made and served in a pumpkin[16] than a sweet custard in a crust. Pumpkins were also stewed and made into ale by colonists.[4] An early appearance of a more modern, custard-like pumpkin pie was in American Cookery, a cookbook published in 1796.[17] It used a sweet custard filling in a pie crust, with spices similar to the ones used today.
It was not until the early nineteenth century that recipes appeared in Canadian cookbooks,[18] or that pumpkin pie became a common addition to the Thanksgiving dinner.[13] The Pilgrims brought the pumpkin pie back to New England.[19] In the United States after the Civil War, the pumpkin pie was resisted in Southern states as a symbol of Yankee culture imposed on the South, where there was no tradition of eating pumpkin pie.[20] Many Southern cooks instead made sweet potato pie, or added bourbon and pecans to give the pumpkin pie a Southern touch.[20]
Today, throughout much of Canada and the United States, it is traditional to serve pumpkin pie after Thanksgiving dinner.[21][22]
Pumpkin pies were discouraged from Thanksgiving dinners in the United States in 1947 as part of a voluntary egg rationing campaign promoted by the Truman Administration, mainly because of the eggs used in the recipe.[23][24] This was a part of President Truman's Citizen's Food Committee task force, designed to ration food consumption in the United States in hopes to provide more foreign food assistance to Europe post World War II.[24][23] Part of the campaign included an "Egg-less & Poultry-less Thursday", which began in October 1947, and with Thanksgiving Day always occurring on a Thursday, there was a considerable backlash among American consumers against this.[24] Truman was true to his word, and no pumpkin pie was served at the White House for Thanksgiving in 1947.[25]
In popular culture
Poetry
- Lydia Maria Child's Thanksgiving poem "Over the River and Through the Wood" (1844) references pumpkin pie in one of its verses: "Hurrah for the fun! Is the pudding done? / Hurrah for the pumpkin pie!"
- Mathew Franklin Whittier, signing as "A Yankee," wrote in his poem "Song of the Pumpkin" (1846):[26]
<templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />
Ah! on Thanksday, when from East and from West,
From North and from South comes the pilgrim and guest;
When the gray-haired New Englander sees round his board
The old broken links of affection restored;
When the care-wearied man seeks his mother once more,
And the worn matron smiles where the girl smiled before;
What moistens the lip and what brightens the eye,
What calls back the past, like the rich Pumpkin pie?
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Songs
- Oscar Ferdinand Telgmann and George Frederick Cameron wrote the song "Farewell O Fragrant Pumpkin Pie" in the opera Leo, the Royal Cadet (1889):[27]
<templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />
Farewell, O fragrant pumpkin pie!
Dyspeptic pork, adieu!
Though to the college halls I hie.
On field of battle though I die, my latest sob, my latest sigh
shall wafted be to you!
And thou, O doughnut rare and rich and fried divinely brown!
Thy form shall fill a noble niche in memory's chamber whilst I pitch
my tent beside the river which rolls on through Kingston town.
And my Love—my little Nell,
the apple of my eye to thee how can I say farewell?
I love thee more than I can tell;
I love thee more than anything—but—pie!
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- The Christmas-themed song "There's No Place Like Home for the Holidays" makes a reference to homemade pumpkin pie being looked forward to by a man returning to his family's home in Pennsylvania.
- The popular Christmas song "Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree" contains the lyric, "Later we'll have some pumpkin pie/And we'll do some caroling".
- "Sleigh Ride", another popular Christmas song, also mentions sitting around a fire after being out in the snow and eating pumpkin pie.
Records
The world's largest pumpkin pie was made in New Bremen, Ohio, at the New Bremen Pumpkinfest on September 25, 2010.[28][29] The pie consisted of Script error: No such module "convert". of canned pumpkin, Script error: No such module "convert". of evaporated milk, 2,796 eggs, Script error: No such module "convert". of salt, Script error: No such module "convert". of cinnamon, and Script error: No such module "convert". of sugar.[28] The final pie weighed Script error: No such module "convert". and measured Script error: No such module "convert". in diameter.[28]
Image gallery
-
A homemade pumpkin pie prepared using fresh pumpkin
-
Cross-section view of a commercially prepared pumpkin pie
-
A can of pureed pumpkin, typically used as the main ingredient in the pie filling
See also
Script error: No such module "Portal".
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Rombauer, I. S and M.R. Becker. 1980. The Joy of Cooking. Bobbs-Merrill Company, New York City.
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Galarza, Daniela (November 9, 2021). "These mini pumpkin pies taste like fall, thanks to a trio of spices" Template:Webarchive. The Washington Post. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ [1]Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Andrew F. Smith, "Pumpkins" Template:Webarchive, The Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America. Ed. Gordon Campbell. Oxford University Press, 2003. Saint Mary's College of California. December 21, 2011.
- ↑ Woolley, Hannah, The Gentlewoman's Companion ..., 3rd ed. (London, England: Edward Thomas, 1682), "Pumpion pye", pp. 220–221. Template:Webarchive
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ The Boston "Chronotype," Oct. 1, 1846 edition
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
External links
Template:American pies Template:British pies Script error: No such module "Navbox". Script error: No such module "Navbox". Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Squashes and pumpkins