Proglucagon
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Template:Short description Template:Infobox gene Proglucagon is a protein that is a precursor of glucagon and several other components. It is cleaved from preproglucagon. Proglucagon is generated in the alpha cells of the pancreas and in the intestinal L cells in the distal ileum and colon.
Preproglucagon in humans is encoded by the GCG gene and is composed of 180 amino-acid residues.[1][2]
More specifically, preproglucagon is cleaved into the following components in different organs:
- Signal peptide (1-20) – removed from preproglucagon to form proglucagon (21-180)
- Glicentin (21–89)
- Glicentin-related pancreatic polypeptide (GRPP, 21-50)
- Oxyntomodulin (OXY or OXM, 53–89)
- Glucagon (53–81)
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1, 92–128) – first seven residues further cleaved
- Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2, 146–178)
Proglucagon itself is a protein with three repeats of slightly different secretin family hormones to be cleaved to form mature hormones.[3]
References
Further reading
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External links
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