President of the Senate of the Philippines

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Infobox Political post Template:Sidebar with collapsible lists The president of the Senate of the Philippines (Template:Langx or Script error: No such module "Lang".), commonly referred to as the Senate president, is the presiding officer and the highest-ranking official of the Senate of the Philippines, and third highest and most powerful official in the government of the Philippines. They are elected by the entire body to be their leader. The Senate president is second in the line of succession to the presidency, behind only the vice president and ahead of the speaker of the House of Representatives.

The previous Senate president was Francis Escudero. He was elected on May 20, 2024.

Election

The Senate president is elected by the majority of the members of the Senate from among themselves; Since there are 24 senators, 13 votes are needed to win the Senate presidency, including any vacant seats or senators not attending the session. Although Senate presidents are elected at the start of each Congress, there had been numerous instances of Senate coups in which a sitting Senate president is unseated in the middle of session. Term-sharing agreements among senators who are both eyeing the position of the Senate president also played a role in changing the leadership of the Senate, but in a smooth manner, the peaceful transition of power and this was done two times in 1999 and in 2006.

Unlike most Senate presidents that are the symbolic presiding officers of the upper house, the Senate president of the Philippines wields considerate power by influencing the legislative agenda and has the ability to vote not just in order to break ties, although the Senate president is traditionally the last senator to vote. A tied vote, therefore, means that the motion is lost, and that the Senate president cannot cast a tie-breaking vote since that would mean that the presiding officer would have had voted twice.

Powers and duties

According to the Rule 3 of the Rules of the Senate, the Senate president has the powers and duties to:

  • To preside over the sessions of the Senate on the days and at the hours designated by it; to call the Senate to order and, if there is a quorum, to order the reading of the Journal of the preceding session and, after the Senate shall have acted upon it, to dispose of the matters appearing in the Order of Business in accordance with the Rules;
  • To decide all points of order;
  • To sign all measures, memorials, joint and concurrent resolutions; issue warrants, orders of arrest, subpoena and subpoena duces tecum;
  • To see to it that all resolutions of the Senate are complied with;
  • To have general control over the session hall, the antechambers, corridors and offices of the Senate;
  • To maintain order in the session hall, the antechambers, corridors and in the offices of the Senate, and whenever there is disorder, to take appropriate measures to quell it;
  • To designate an acting sergeant-at-arms, if the sergeant-at-arms resigns, is replaced or becomes incapacitated;
  • To appoint the subordinate personnel of the Senate in conformity with the provisions of the General Appropriations Act;
  • To dismiss any employee for cause, which dismissal in the case of permanent and classified employees shall be in conformity with the Civil Service Law; and
  • To diminish or increase the number of authorized personnel by consolidating or separating positions or items whenever the General Appropriations Act so authorizes and the total amount of salaries or allocations does not exceed the amount earmarked therein.

The Senate president is also the ex officio chairman of the Commission on Appointments, a constitutional body within the Congress that has the sole power to confirm all appointments made by the president of the Philippines. Under Section 2 of Chapter 2 of the Rules of the Commission on Appointments, the powers and duties of the Senate president as its ex-officio chairman are as follows:

  • to issue calls for the meetings of the commission;
  • to preside at the meetings of the commission;
  • to preserve order and decorum during the session and, for that purpose, to take such steps as may be convenient or as the commission may direct;
  • to pass upon all questions of order, but from his decision, any member may appeal to the commission; and,
  • to execute such decisions, orders, and resolutions as may have been approved by the commission.

And if other impeachable officers other than the president such as the ombudsman is on an impeachment trial, the Senate president is the presiding officer and shall be the last to vote on the judgment on such cases according to the Senate Rules of Procedure in Impeachment Trials the Senate adopted on March 23, 2011.

In the Senate, he supervises the committees and attended its hearings and meetings if necessary and such committee reports are being submitted to his/her office.

List of Senate presidents

All senators from 1941 onwards were elected at-large, with the whole Philippines as one constituency.

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Term of office Party Legislature
Took officeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Left officeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
1 File:Quezon.jpg Manuel L. Quezon[1]
Member for the 5th Senatorial District
(1878–1944) 		October 16,
1916[2]Template:Rp 		November 15,
1935 		rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| Nacionalista 4th Legislature
5th Legislature
Nacionalista
Colectivista 		6th Legislature
rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color;"| Nacionalista 7th Legislature
8th Legislature
9th Legislature
style="background:Template:Party color;" | Nacionalista
Democratico 		10th Legislature
– File:Senator Sergio Osmeña (1935).png Sergio Osmeña[3]
(1878–1961)
ActingTemplate:Efn 		1930 1930 style="background:Template:Party color;"| Nacionalista 8th Legislature
– File:Senator Jose A. Clarin (Philippine Education).jpg José Clarín[4]Template:Rp
(1879–1935)
ActingTemplate:Efn 		1932 1933[5] style="background:Template:Party color;"| Nacionalista 9th Legislature
  • The Senate and the House of Representatives were merged into the unicameral National Assembly in 1935 at the onset of the Commonwealth period. The National Assembly was replaced by the bicameral Commonwealth Congress with the amendment of the 1935 Constitution in 1940, with the first election for the Senate elected nationwide at-large held in November 1941. However, the outbreak of World War II in the Philippines meant that the Commonwealth Congress did not convene until 1945.[6]
  • For the speakers of the National Assembly, see Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines.
2 File:Manuel Roxas 2.jpg Manuel Roxas[7]
(1892–1948) 		July 9,
1945 		May 28,
1946 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| Liberal 1st Commonwealth Congress
3 File:Jose Avelino studio photo.jpg José Avelino
(1890–1986) 		May 28,
1946 		February 21,
1949 		rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| Liberal 2nd Commonwealth Congress
1st Congress
4 File:Mariano Jesus Cuenco.jpg Mariano Jesús Cuenco
(1888–1964) 		February 21,
1949 		December 30,
1951 		rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| Liberal
2nd Congress
5 File:Quintin Paredes photo.jpg Quintín Paredes
(1884–1973) 		March 5,
1952 		April 17,
1952 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| Liberal
6 File:Camilo Osias studio photo.jpg Camilo Osías
(1889–1976) 		April 17,
1952 		April 30,
1952 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| Nacionalista
7 File:Senate President Eulogio Rodriguez Sr.jpg Eulogio A. Rodriguez Sr.
(1883–1964) 		April 30,
1952 		April 17,
1953 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| Nacionalista
(6) File:Camilo Osias studio photo.jpg Camilo Osías
(1889–1976) 		April 17,
1953 		May 20,
1953 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| Nacionalista
8 File:Jose Zulueta portrait.jpg José Zulueta
(1889–1972) 		May 20,
1953 		November 30,
1953 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| Liberal
(7) File:Senate President Eulogio Rodriguez Sr.jpg Eulogio A. Rodriguez Sr.
(1883–1964) 		November 30,
1953 		April 5,
1963 		rowspan="4" style="background:Template:Party color;"| Nacionalista
3rd Congress
4th Congress
5th Congress
9 File:Senator Ferdinand E. Marcos.jpg Ferdinand Marcos
(1917–1989) 		April 5,
1963 		December 30,
1965 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| Liberal
(until 1964)
style="background:Template:Party color;"| Nacionalista
(from 1964)
10 File:Arturo Tolentino.jpg Arturo M. Tolentino
(1910–2004) 		January 17,
1966 		January 26,
1967 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| Nacionalista 6th Congress
11 File:Gil Puyat photo.jpg Gil Puyat
(1907–1980) 		January 26,
1967 		September 23,
1972 		rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| Nacionalista
7th Congress
12 File:The Honorable Jovito Salonga (Senator of the Philippines).jpg Jovito R. Salonga
(1920–2016) 		July 27,
1987 		January 18,
1992 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| Liberal 8th Congress
13 File:Neptali Gonzales.gif Neptali Gonzales
(1923–2001) 		January 18,
1992 		January 18,
1993 		rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| LDP
9th Congress
14 File:Edgardo Angara picture.jpg Edgardo Angara
(1934–2018) 		January 18,
1993 		August 28,
1995 		rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| LDP
10th Congress
(13) File:Neptali Gonzales.gif Neptali Gonzales
(1923–2001) 		August 29,
1995 		October 10,
1996 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| LDP
15 File:Senator Ernesto M. Maceda.jpg Ernesto Maceda
(1935–2016) 		October 10,
1996 		January 26,
1998 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| NPC
(13) File:Neptali Gonzales.gif Neptali Gonzales
(1923–2001) 		January 26,
1998 		June 30,
1998 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| LDP
16 File:Senator Marcelo B. Fernan.jpg Marcelo Fernan
(1927–1999) 		July 27,
1998 		June 28,
1999 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| LDP 11th Congress
17 File:Blas Ople 2.jpg Blas Ople
(1927–2003) 		June 28,
1999 		July 12,
2000 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| LAMMP
18 File:JPPFL Sen. Franklin Drilon (cropped).jpg Franklin Drilon
(born 1945) 		July 12,
2000 		November 13,
2000 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| Independent
19 File:Aquilino "Nene" Pimentel Jr.gif Aquilino Pimentel Jr.
(1933–2019) 		November 13,
2000 		June 30,
2001 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| PDP–Laban
(18) File:JPPFL Sen. Franklin Drilon (cropped).jpg Franklin Drilon
(born 1945) 		July 23,
2001 		July 24,
2006 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| Independent
(until 2003) 		12th Congress
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| Liberal
(from 2003)
13th Congress
20 File:Manny Villar T'nalak Festival 2009.jpg Manny Villar
(born 1949) 		July 24,
2006 		November 17,
2008 		rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| Nacionalista
14th Congress
21 File:Juan Ponce Enrile COC 2019 elections filing (cropped).jpg Juan Ponce Enrile
(born 1924) 		November 17,
2008 		June 5,
2013 		rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| PMP
15th Congress
– File:Official photo of Senator Jinggoy Ejercito Estrada.jpg Jinggoy Estrada
(born 1963)
Acting 		June 5,
2013 		July 22,
2013 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| PMP
(18) File:JPPFL Sen. Franklin Drilon (cropped).jpg Franklin Drilon
(born 1945) 		July 22,
2013 		June 30,
2016 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| Liberal 16th Congress
22 File:Koko Pimentel IAEA cropped.jpg Koko Pimentel
(born 1964) 		July 25,
2016 		May 21,
2018 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| PDP–Laban 17th Congress
23 File:Tito Sotto III (cropped).jpg Tito Sotto
(born 1948) 		May 21,
2018 		June 30,
2022 		rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| NPC
18th Congress
24 File:Migz Zubiri - 2021.jpg Migz Zubiri
(born 1969) 		July 25,
2022 		May 20,
2024 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| Independent 19th Congress
25 File:Escudero19th.jpg Francis Escudero
(born 1969) 		May 20,
2024 		June 30,
2025 		style="background:Template:Party color;"| NPC

Timeline

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DateFormat = mm/dd/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1916 till:12/31/2024 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:10 start:1920

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 id:Vacant      value:black
 id:None        value:black
 id:abolished   value:black
 id:NP          value:drabgreen    legend:Nacionalista
 id:LP          value:yellow       legend:Liberal
 id:UNIDO       value:blue         legend:LDP
 id:PDP         value:yelloworange legend:PDP-Laban
 id:LAMMP       value:orange       legend:LAMMP/PMP
 id:NPC         value:green        legend:NPC
 id:Ind                   value:gray(0.9)     legend:Independent

 id:linemark    value:gray(0.8)
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 barset:sen
 barset:Marcos
 barset:sen2
 barset:Drilon
 barset:sen3

PlotData= 

 width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till
 barset:sen
 from:10/16/1916 till:03/04/1935 text:"Manuel L. Quezon" color:NP
 from:03/04/1935 till:07/09/1945 text:"Abolished" color:abolished
 from:07/09/1945 till:12/30/1946 text:"Manuel Roxas" color:NP
 from:05/25/1946 till:02/21/1949 text:"José Avelino" color:LP
 from:02/21/1949 till:12/30/1951 text:"Mariano Jesús Cuenco" color:LP
 from:03/05/1952 till:04/17/1952 text:"Quintin Paredes" color:LP
 from:04/17/1952 till:04/30/1952 text:"Camilo Osias" color:NP
 from:04/30/1952 till:04/17/1953 text:"Eulogio A. Rodriguez Sr." color:NP
 from:04/30/1953 till:05/20/1953 text:"Camilo Osias" color:LP
 from:05/20/1953 till:12/30/1953 text:"José Zulueta" color:LP
 from:01/25/1954 till:04/03/1963 text:"Eulogio A. Rodriguez Sr." color:NP
 barset:Marcos
 from:04/03/1963 till:04/01/1964 color:LP
 barset:break
 from:04/01/1964 till:12/30/1965 color:NP text:"Ferdinand Marcos" 
 barset:sen2
 from:01/17/1966 till:01/26/1967 text:"Arturo M. Tolentino" color:NP
 from:01/26/1967 till:11/23/1972 text:"Gil Puyat" color:NP
 from:11/23/1972 till:07/27/1987 text:"Abolished" color:abolished
 from:07/27/1987 till:01/18/1992 text:"Jovito R. Salonga" color:LP
 from:01/18/1992 till:01/18/1993 text:"Neptali Gonzales" color:UNIDO
 from:01/18/1993 till:08/28/1995 text:"Edgardo Angara" color:UNIDO
 from:08/29/1995 till:10/10/1996 text:"Neptali Gonzales" color:UNIDO
 from:10/10/1996 till:01/28/1998 text:"Ernesto Maceda" color:NPC
 from:01/26/1998 till:06/30/1998 text:"Neptali Gonzales" color:UNIDO
 from:07/27/1998 till:06/28/1999 text:"Marcelo Fernan" color:UNIDO
 from:06/29/1999 till:04/12/2000 text:"Blas Ople" color:LAMMP
 from:04/12/2000 till:11/13/2000 text:"Franklin Drilon" color:LAMMP
 from:11/13/2000 till:07/23/2001 text:"Aquilino Pimentel Jr." color:PDP
 barset:Drilon
 from:07/23/2001 till:07/24/2003 color:Ind
 barset:break
   from:07/24/2003 till:07/24/2006 color:LP text:"Franklin Drilon" 
 barset:sen3
 from:07/24/2006 till:11/17/2008 text:"Manny Villar" color:NP
 from:11/17/2008 till:06/05/2013 text:"Juan Ponce Enrile" color:LAMMP
 from:07/22/2013 till:06/30/2016 text:"Franklin Drilon" color:LP
 from:07/22/2016 till:05/21/2018 text:"Koko Pimentel" color:PDP
 from:05/21/2018 till:06/30/2022 text:"Tito Sotto" color:NPC
 from:06/30/2022 till:05/20/2024 text:"Miguel Zubiri" color:Ind
 from:05/20/2024 till:12/31/2024 text:"Francis Escudero" color:NPC

</timeline>

Notes

Template:Notelist

Sources

References

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Template:Philippine Senate Presidents Template:Philippine Senate

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