Phyllopsora
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Phyllopsora is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ramalinaceae.[1]
The characteristics of a fossilized Phyllopsora, P. dominicana, found in Dominican amber, suggests that the main distinguishing features of the genus have remained unchanged for tens of millions of years.[2]
Taxonomy
The genus was circumscribed by the Swiss botanist Johannes Müller Argoviensis in 1894, with Phyllopsora breviuscula assigned as the type species.[3]
In 2019, a proposal was made to conserve the name Phyllopsora against the earlier names Triclinum and Crocynia.[4] This was due to Phyllopsora including species that are the types of these earlier generic names, which would have priority. The proposal argued that conserving Phyllopsora would be the least disruptive option, as taking up Triclinum would require 56 new combinations, while Crocynia included many species now considered to belong to other genera. In 2024, the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi recommended conservation of Phyllopsora against Triclinum and Crocynia, with 80% of the committee voting in favour.[5]
Description
The genus Phyllopsora is distinguished by its scale-like (Template:Lichengloss) to almost leaf-like (foliose) body (thallus) that often has a distinct border (prothallus). Its reproductive structures, known as asci, have a unique feature: an amyloid dome and a narrow, cone-shaped central structure. The fruiting bodies (apothecia) of this genus are made up of highly gelatinized (jelly-like) fungal threads. These threads show no clear separation between the different structural layers of the apothecium, and this gelatinised texture is consistent throughout the central and marginal areas of the apothecium as well as in the supporting structures (Template:Lichengloss). The Template:Lichengloss produced by Phyllopsora are small, with thin walls, and are typically not divided into separate compartments (rarely septate).[6]
Species
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As of December 2023[update]Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., Species Fungorum accepts 48 species of Phyllopsora:[7]
- Phyllopsora amazonica Kistenich & Timdal (2019)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[8]
- Phyllopsora atrocarpa Timdal (2008)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[9] – Peru
- Phyllopsora buettneri (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr. (1926)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Phyllopsora borbonica Timdal & Krog (2001)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[10]
- Phyllopsora breviuscula (Nyl.) Müll.Arg. (1894)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Phyllopsora castaneocincta (Hue) Kistenich & Timdal (2019)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Phyllopsora catervisorediata G.K.Mishra, Upreti & Nayaka (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[11] – India
- Phyllopsora chodatinica Elix (2006)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[12] – Australia
- Phyllopsora cinchonarum (Fée) Timdal (2008)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[9]
- Phyllopsora cognata (Nyl.) Timdal (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[13]
- Phyllopsora concinna Kistenich & Timdal (2019)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[8]
- Phyllopsora conwayensis Elix (2006)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[12] – Australia
- Phyllopsora corallina (Eschw.) Müll.Arg. (1894)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Phyllopsora dodongensis S.Y.Kondr. & Hur (2020)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[14] – South Korea
- Phyllopsora dolichospora Timdal & Krog (2001)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[10]
- Phyllopsora dominicana Rikkinen (2008)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[2]
- Phyllopsora foliata (Stirt.) Zahlbr. (1926)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Phyllopsora foliatella Elix (2006)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[15] – Australia
- Phyllopsora furfuracea (Pers.) Zahlbr. (1905)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Phyllopsora furfurella Kistenich & Timdal (2019)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[8]
- Phyllopsora glaucella (Vain.) Timdal (2008)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[9]
- Phyllopsora glaucescens Timdal (2008)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[9] – Peru
- Phyllopsora gossypina (Sw.) Kistenich, Timdal, Bendiksby & S.Ekman (2018)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Phyllopsora himalayensis G.K.Mishra, Upreti & Nayaka (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[11] – India
- Phyllopsora hispaniolae Timdal (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[13]
- Phyllopsora homosekikaica Elix (2006)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[12] – Australia
- Phyllopsora imshaugii Timdal (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[13]
- Phyllopsora isidiosa Kistenich & Timdal (2019)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[8]
- Phyllopsora lividocarpa Timdal (2008)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[9] – Peru
- Phyllopsora loekoesii S.Y.Kondr., Farkas, S.O.Oh & Hur (2016)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[16]
- Phyllopsora magna Kaasalainen, Rikkinen & A.R.Schmidt (2017)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[17]
- Phyllopsora methoxymicareica Elix (2006)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[12] – Australia
- Phyllopsora nemoralis Timdal & Krog (2001)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[10]
- Phyllopsora neofoliata Elix (2006)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[12] – Australia
- Phyllopsora neotinica Kistenich & Timdal (2019)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[8]
- Phyllopsora nigrocincta Timdal (2008)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[9] – Peru
- Phyllopsora parvifolia (Pers.) Müll.Arg. (1894)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Phyllopsora phaeobyssina (Vain.) Timdal (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[13]
- Phyllopsora pocsii Vězda (2003)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Phyllopsora pseudocorallina Kistenich & Timdal (2019)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[18] – Asia; Africa
- Phyllopsora pyxinoides (Nyl.) Kistenich, Timdal, Bendiksby & S.Ekman (2018)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Phyllopsora rappiana (Brako) Elix (2006)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[15] – Australia
- Phyllopsora rosei Coppins & P.James (1979)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[19] – Europe
- Phyllopsora sabahana Kistenich & Timdal (2019)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[18] – Malaysia
- Phyllopsora siamensis Kistenich & Timdal (2019)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[18] – Thailand
- Phyllopsora soralifera Timdal (2008)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[9] – Peru
- Phyllopsora subhyalina (Stirt.) Zahlbr. (1926)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Phyllopsora swinscowii Timdal & Krog (2001)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[10]
- Phyllopsora teretiuscula Timdal (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[13]
- Phyllopsora tobagensis Timdal (2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[13]
References
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- Pages with script errors
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- Articles containing potentially dated statements from December 2023
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- Ramalinaceae
- Lichen genera
- Lecanorales genera
- Taxa described in 1894
- Taxa named by Johannes Müller Argoviensis