Phoenix chicken
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The Phoenix is a German breed of long-tailed chicken. It derives from cross-breeding of imported long-tailed Japanese birds similar to the Onagadori with other breeds.[1]Template:R/superscript
History
The Phoenix breed was created by Template:Ill, the first president of the national German poultry association, in the late nineteenth century. A few delicate imported long-tailed Japanese birds were cross-bred with birds of other breeds including Combattant de Bruges, Krüper, Leghorn, Malay, Modern Game, Old English Game, Ramelsloher and Yokohama.[1]Template:R/superscript
The Poultry Club of Great Britain decided in 1904 to group the German Phoenix and Yokohama breeds under the name Yokohama; the Phoenix is not recognised as a breed.[2]Template:R/superscript[3]Template:R/superscript
In the twenty-first century it is an endangered breed: its conservation status is listed as "at risk/endangered" for Germany and Australia, with 344 and Script error: No such module "val". birds respectively, and as "at risk/vulnerable" for the United States, where in 2015 there were Script error: No such module "val". birds.[4]Template:R/superscript[5]Template:R/superscript
Characteristics
The Phoenix is recognised in six colours in Germany: gold, silver, orange, black, white and partridge;[6]Template:R/superscript a further three unrecognised colours are listed by the Entente Européenne.[7]Template:R/superscript The silver variety was accepted into the Standard of Perfection of the American Poultry Association in 1965; the gold was added in 1983, and the black-breasted red in 2018.[1]Template:R/superscript The Phoenix was first accepted in the Australian Poultry Standard in 2012, with any colour standardised in Old English Game accepted.[8]Template:R/superscript
The Onagadori is thought to have a recessive gene that prevents it from moulting each year in the usual way.[9]Template:R/superscript This gene was not transferred to the Phoenix, so its tail does not reach the same remarkable lengths as that of the original Japanese stock. The tail may reach Script error: No such module "val". or more.[10]Template:R/superscript
Use
The Phoenix was bred as an exhibition bird. Standard-sized hens lay about 45 yellowish-white eggs per year, with an average weight of Script error: No such module "val".;[11]Template:R/superscript bantam hens lay approximately 120 eggs annually, averaging Script error: No such module "val". in weight.[12]Template:R/superscript
References
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- ↑ a b c Phoenix Chicken. The Livestock Conservancy. Archived 21 June 2024.
- ↑ Victoria Roberts (2008). British poultry standards: complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the specialist breed clubs and recognised by the Poultry Club of Great Britain. Oxford: Blackwell. Template:ISBN.
- ↑ J. Ian H. Allonby, Philippe B. Wilson (editors) (2018). British Poultry Standards: complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the specialist breed clubs and recognised by the Poultry Club of Great Britain, seventh edition. Chichester; Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley Blackwell. Template:ISBN.
- ↑ Breed data sheet: Phönix / Germany (Chicken). Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed November 2024.
- ↑ Transboundary breed: Phoenix. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed November 2024.
- ↑ Rassen- und Farbenschläge-Verzeichnis des Bundes Deutscher Rassegeflügelzüchter e.V. (in German). Reichenbach, Haselbachtal: Bund Deutscher Rassegeflügelzüchter. Accessed November 2024.
- ↑ Liste des races et variétés homologuée dans les pays EE (28.04.2013). Entente Européenne d'Aviculture et de Cuniculture. Archived 16 June 2013.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ R. Tadano, M. Nishibori, M. Tsudzuki (2009). Genetic structure and differentiation of the Japanese extremely long-tailed chicken breed (Onagadori), associated with plumage colour variation: suggestions for its management and conservation. Animal Genetics 40 (6): 989–992. Script error: No such module "CS1 identifiers".. Template:Link note.
- ↑ Carol Ekarius (2007). Storey's Illustrated Guide to Poultry Breeds. North Adams, Massachusetts: Storey Publishing. Template:Isbn. p. 143–44.
- ↑ Rassetafeln: Hühner (in German). Reichenbach, Haselbachtal: Bund Deutscher Rassegeflügelzüchter. Accessed November 2024.
- ↑ Rassetafeln: Zwerghühner (in German). Reichenbach, Haselbachtal: Bund Deutscher Rassegeflügelzüchter. Accessed November 2024.
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