Philodryas
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Philodryas is a genus of colubrid snakes endemic to South America,[1] commonly called green snakes.
Description
Species in the genus Philodryas share the following characters:
Head distinct from neck, with distinct canthus rostralis. Eye moderate or large. Pupil round. Body cylindrical or slightly laterally compressed. Tail long.
Dorsal scales arranged in 17 to 23 rows at midbody, more or less obliquely. Subcaudals divided (in two rows).
Maxillary teeth smallest anteriorly, 12–15, followed after a gap by two large grooved fangs located just behind the posterior border of the eye.[1]
Venom
Although colubrid snakes are usually harmless to humans, Philodryas are opisthoglyphous (rear-fanged) snakes[1] and can give a venomous bite.
Species and geographic ranges
There are 16 recognized species.[2][3]
- Philodryas aestiva (A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – N Argentina, Bolivia, SE Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay - Brazilian green racer, common green racer
- Philodryas agassizii (Jan, 1863)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay - burrowing night snake
- Philodryas arnaldoi (Amaral, 1932)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Brazil - Arnaldo's green race
- Philodryas baroni Berg, 1895Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – N Argentina - Baron's green racer
- Philodryas boliviana Boulenger, 1896 – Bolivia - Bolivian racer
- Philodryas chamissonis (Wiegmann, 1834) – Chile - Chilean green racer, Chilean long-tailed snake
- Philodryas cordata Donnelly & C. Myers, 1991Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Venezuela
- Philodryas erlandi Lönnberg, 1902 – Paraguay, southeastern Bolivia, northern Argentina - Miranda green racer
- Philodryas livida (Amaral, 1923)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Brazil
- Philodryas mattogrossensis Koslowsky, 1898Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Bolivia, SW Brazil, Paraguay - Miranda green racer
- Philodryas nattereri Steindachner, 1870Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – WC Brazil, Paraguay - Paraguay green racer
- Philodryas olfersii (Lichtenstein, 1823)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Argentina, Bolivia, W Brazil, Paraguay, E Peru, Uruguay - Lichtenstein's green racer
- Philodryas patagoniensis (Girard, 1858)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay - Patagonia green racer
- Philodryas psammophidea Günther, 1872Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Argentina, W & S Brazil - Günther's green racer
- Philodryas trilineata (Burmeister, 1861)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Argentina
- Philodryas varia (Jan, 1863)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[4] – Argentina, Bolivia - Jan's green racer
Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Philodryas.
References
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- ↑ a b c Boulenger GA (1896). Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the Colubridæ (Opisthoglyphæ and Proteroglyphæ) ... London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xxiv + 727 pp. + Plates I-XXV. (Genus Philodryas, p. 127).
- ↑ Script error: No such module "template wrapper".
- ↑ Genus Philodryas at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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Further reading
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- Wagler JG (1830). Natürliches System der Amphibien, mit vorangehender Classification des Säugthiere und Vögel. Ein Beitrag zur vergleichenden Zoologie. Munich, Stuttgart, and Tübingen: J.G. Cotta. vi + 354 pp. (Philodryas, new genus, p. 185). (in German and Latin).
- https://serpientesdevenezuela.org/philodryas-viridissima/