Philippine Army Reserve Command

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Use Philippine English Template:Use mdy dates Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Short description The Reserve Command, Philippine Army (RESCOM, PA; Template:Langx) is one of the Philippine Army's Major Support Commands created for the sole purpose of reserve force management, organization and Government Arsenal procurement.

History

File:ARESCOM Building.jpg
Facade of the Headquarters Building of the Reserve Command, Philippine Army at Tanza, Cavite.

Philippine Commonwealth

By 1935, the Philippine Commonwealth, under the leadership of President Manuel Luis Quezon enacted the very first legislature of his government. Commonwealth Act Nr. 01 ensured that Philippines will be prepared to thwart off any invasion or aggression of some sort by any nation, or entity and thus called upon its citizens to provide manpower to then fledgling Philippine Army. The National Defense Act of 1935 heralded the creation of what would be the Armed Forces of the Philippines and very first documented account of voluntary citizen enlistment.[1][2]

World War II

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Reservists fought hard during the 1940s and saw action on almost all parts of the country in World War II. Regular and reserve members of then Philippine Army/Philippine Army Air Corps (forerunner of the Phil Air Force), the Philippine Constabulary, and the Philippine Offshore Patrol (what would become the Phil Navy later on.) were incorporated with US units and rallied under the banner of the USAFFE.[3]

A ragtag group of former ROTC Cadets, Guerilla Fighters and draftees of the Philippine Army Reserve Force formed units among themselves and fought gallantly against the Japanese invaders. Collectively, they were known as the Hunters ROTC Unit.[4]

Post World War II

Post WWII saw the re-organization of the AFP and the further need to rebuild the defense of the nation. Reserve units were then organized to Battalion Combat Teams with the sole purpose of force augmentation in the eventuality that another world war ensues.[2]

On September 1, 1977, the Army Reserve Command was activated pursuant to General Orders No. 250 of the Philippine Army. Army officers were tasked to organized, train, and manage a reserve force that will equate or surpass the current strength of its regular forces.[3]

1986 EDSA Revolution

By 1986, after the EDSA Revolution, the unit was shortly deactivated since the AFP at that time was undergoing retraining and re-organization.

Birth of the modern AFP Reserve Force

1991 saw the birth of a new reserve force when Republic Act 7077 (Reservists Act of 1991) was signed into law on July 1, 1991. This new legislation directed the AFP to organize and create units with the sole purpose of reservists management.[2]

On May 12, 1992, the Reserve Command, Philippine Army, was again reactivated pursuant to HPA General Orders No. 392 and was later again renamed as the Army Reserve Command on October 1, 1999 (HPA GO Nr 1300) and was given its marching orders to maintain, administer, develop, train, and organize reservists units to help enhance and sustain National Security and Development.[3]

Future of RESCOM, PA

In the 21st century, the unit is modernizing itself pursuant to the directives of Headquarters, Philippine Army's transformation roadmap to 2028.[5][6]

Legal Mandate

Commonwealth Act 1

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Commonwealth Act No. 1, particularly Section II, cites the responsibility of each and every citizen of for the defense of the nation. Citizens may be mobilized in the event the national government declares an act of war or emergency.[7]

Republic Act 7077

Republic Act No. 7077,[8] also known as the Citizen's Armed Force Act or Reservist Law of 1991, is an act passed in to law by the joint house of representatives which clearly provides the policies and procedures in the creation and administration of reservists and reserve units of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.

Republic Act 9163

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Republic Act No. 9163,[9] also known as the National Service Training Program Act or National Service Law of 2001, defines the policies and procedures in administration/training of ROTC Units in relation to the other two components, Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS) and Literacy Training Service (LTS), of the National Service Training Program (NSTP).

Role of women in the reserve force

Section 65, Article X, of RA 7077 clearly defines the right and duty of every able bodied female citizen of the Republic of the Philippines to serve in the Armed Forces of the Philippines. Standards for acceptance of female reservists shall likewise be kept standard like their male counterparts with a few adjustments due to physiological differences with the latter.[10]

Commissioned officers

Non-commissioned officers

Training

Training is the major task handled by RESCOM. Its primary arms are the university/college-based Department of Military Science and Tactics-administered mandatory basic and the optional advanced Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC);[20] and the territorial unit-administered Basic Citizen's Military Training (BCMT).

Reserve Officer's Training Corps (ROTC)

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

File:ROTC small arms training in the Philippines.jpg
A soldier of the Special Operations Command of the Philippine Army instructs an ROTC cadet officer on the finer points of the M16 rifle

Basic ROTC is the only component required by a tertiary (college) level student to have completed as requirement for completion of the National Service Training Program. Military subjects are provided similar to how military instructions are conducted in the service academies and graduates are automatically enlisted in the reserve force of the particular service branch (Army) administering the training. Advance ROTC is purely voluntary in nature and that Advance ROTC Cadets are provided a modest allowance after passing the requirements for their respective Advance ROTC Examination (PAARE). Completion of Advance ROTC is considered a graduate qualification in Military Science, and such graduates who subsequently progress to the Probationary Officer Training Course (POTC)[21] are commissioned as 2nd Lieutenants.[20]

Other than time-in-grade and merit promotions, rank adjustments are authorised depending on civilian qualifications, as well as their reciprocity to the operating environment.[22]

Basic Citizen's Military Training (BCMT)

File:BCMT Trainees during military rappelling training.jpg
A Sergeant from the Scout Ranger Regiment gives instructions on military rappelling to SBCMT CL45-11 of the 1302nd Community Defense Center.

Basic Citizen's Military Training (BCMT) is a military training course conducted by the Philippine Army through the Army Reserve Command. It is an entry-level training course undertaken by Filipino citizens wanting to enlist in the reserve force.

BCMT instruction is administered by a joint training pool of military instructors from both regular and reserve forces and is usually conducted inside any of the Philippine Army's training camps. Guest instructors are requested from other government agencies and non-government organizations (NGO) for specialized instructions.

Special Basic Citizen's Military Training (SBCMT) is a special course conducted by the Philippine Army in response to a request from a Local Government Unit (LGU). Funding is usually provided for by the requesting agency as compared to regular BCMT which receives funding from the Army.

Types of Army Reservists

There are currently three types of reservists in the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) Reserve Force:[10][23]

Categorization of Reservists and Reserve Units

Section 12, Article 5, of Republic Act 7077 breaks down and categorizes reservists and their units based on various criteria cited by this law.[10]

  • First Category Reservists - Able bodied Reservists aged 18 up to 35 years of age, inclusive.
  • Second Category Reservists - Able bodied Reservists aged 36 up to 51 years of age, inclusive.
  • Third Category Reservists - All able-bodied Reservists aged above 52 years of age.

Classification of Reservists and Reserve Units

Section 13, Article 5, of Republic Act 7077 clearly cites the classification of reservists based on their operational readiness for immediate deployment or mobilization.[10]

  • Ready Reserve - physically fit and tactically current reservist personnel that are always on constant alert and training; ready to mobilize once a mobilization order has been given.
  • Standby Reserve - Reservists who do not maintain currency in specialization qualifications but the base for expansion, support and augmentation to the Ready Reserve Force as needed.
  • Retired Reserve - composed of citizens who are qualified for retirement either by length of service or age.

Lineage of commanding officers

Commanders of RESCOM, PA are drawn from both the ranks of Called To Active Duty (CAD) Reserve Officers and Regular Army Officers that graduated from either Officer Candidate School (OCS) and the Philippine Military Academy (PMA).[24]

Organization

RESCOM's unit are divided into several base units, regionally into 15 Community Defense Groups, having three or more Community Defense Centers incorporated into them, and nine Reserve Infantry Divisions. Army ROTC Management falls under their respective RCDGs.[28]

Base units

  • Headquarters & Headquarters Service Battalion
  • ARESCOM Training School
  • ARESCOM Reservist Personnel Management Center (Provisional)

Line units

Source:[29]

  • 1st Regional Community Defense Group (Camp Lt Tito B Abat, Manaoag, Pangasinan)
  • 2nd Regional Community Defense Group (Camp Melchor F Dela Cruz Annex, Soyung, Echague, Isabela)
  • 3rd Regional Community Defense Group (Camp Gen Servillano T Aquino, San Miguel, Tarlac City)
  • 4th Regional Community Defense Group (Camp Gen Macario Sakay, Los Baños, Laguna)
  • 5th Regional Community Defense Group (Camp Gen Simeón A Ola, Legazpi City, Albay)
  • 6th Regional Community Defense Group (Camp Gen Adriano Hernández, Dingle, Iloilo City)
  • 7th Regional Community Defense Group (Camp Lapu-lapu, Cebu City)
  • 8th Regional Community Defense Group (Camp Downes, Ormoc, Leyte)
  • 9th Regional Community Defense Group (Kuta Dao, Pagadian City, Zamboanga del Sur)
  • 10th Regional Community Defense Group (Camp Edilberto Evangelista, Patag, Cagayan de Oro City)
  • 11th Regional Community Defense Group (Camp San Gabriel, Mintal Tugbok District, Davao City)
  • 12th Regional Community Defense Group (Camp Siongco, Awang, DOS, Maguindanao)
  • National Capital Region Regional Community Defense Group (Fort Andres Bonifacio, Taguig City)
  • 14th [CAR] Regional Community Defense Group
  • 15th [CARAGA] Regional Community Defense Group (Camp Bancasi, Butuan)

Ready Reserve Infantry divisions

Source:[29]

Ready Reserve Light Armor divisions

Standby Reserve Infantry divisions

Source:[29]

Reserve regiments

Deactivated units

The Following Divisions were subsequently de-activated due to the activation of the two Regular Infantry Division with the laters divisional numerical designation.

Reserve Brigade

Philippine Army Affiliated Reserve Units (PAARUs)

Awards and decorations

Campaign streamers

Award Streamer Streamer Name Operation Date Awarded Reference
File:Presidential Unit Citation (Philippines) Streamer.png Presidential Unit Citation Badge SAR/DRR Ops, TS Ketsana & TS Parma February 4, 2010 General Orders No. 112, GHQ-AFP, dtd Feb 4 '10
File:Presidential Unit Citation (Philippines) Streamer.png Presidential Unit Citation Badge General Elections, Philippines July 1, 2010 General Orders No. 641, GHQ-AFP, dtd July 1 '10

Badges

Military Badge Badge Name Operation Date Awarded Reference
File:AFP HOPE Badge.png
 AFP Election Duty Badge General Elections, Philippines May 21, 2010 General Orders No. 513, GHQ-AFP, dtd May 21 '10

Gallery

See also

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ National Defense Act of 1935
  2. ↑ a b c Conscription in the Philippines
  3. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Hunters ROTC
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ 1st Metro Davao Infantry Battalion (Ready Reserve)
  13. ↑ Tingting Cojuangco#Career
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Nene Tamayo
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ a b Reserve Officers' Training Corps (Philippines)
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ 15th Infantry Division (Philippines)
  31. ↑ 22nd Infantry Division (Philippines)
  32. ↑ Provisional unit for fill-out as the Philippine Army expands its components.
  33. ↑ Currently filled out by personnel from the 201IB(RR), 1502IBde, 15ID(RR).
  34. ↑ 9th Infantry Division (Philippines)
  35. ↑ 3rd Infantry Division (Philippines)
  36. ↑ 3ID(RR) was downgraded to 3rd Infantry Battalion (Ready Reserve), PA
  37. ↑ 1502nd Infantry Brigade (Philippines)
  38. ↑ https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/920738/army-to-check-if-reservists-part-of-quiboloy-s-angels-of-death/story/
  39. ↑ https://www.facebook.com/12RCDGRESCOMPA/posts/team-12rcdg-philippine-army-affiliated-reserve-unit-paaru-moa-signingin-a-signif/771516318475484/
  40. ↑ https://www.facebook.com/harescom/posts/1103682291372366/
  41. ↑ https://punto.com.ph/cdc-named-as-paf-affiliated-reserve-unit-of-the-year/

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Bibliography

<templatestyles src="Refbegin/styles.css" />

  • Official Site ARESCOM
  • The Training Committee, Military Science 21 ROTC Manual, 2001, NCRRCDG, ARESCOM.
  • The Philippine Army Public Affairs Office, The Philippine Army: First 100 Years, 1997, OTAPA.
  • Pobre, Cesar P. (2006). History of the Armed Forces of the Filipino People. New Day Publishers.Template:ISBN.

Template:Philippine Army regular units and formations

Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Philippine_Army_Reserve_Command&oldid=6790246"