Phenidone
<templatestyles src="Chembox/styles.css"/>
Template:Chembox image cellTemplate:Chembox image cellTemplate:Chembox AllOtherNamesTemplate:Chembox headerbarTemplate:Chembox IndexlistTemplate:Chembox JmolTemplate:Chembox ChEMBLTemplate:Chembox ECHATemplate:Chembox E numberTemplate:Chembox IUPHAR ligandTemplate:Chembox UNIITemplate:Chembox CompToxTemplate:Chembox headerbarTemplate:Chembox SolubilityInWaterTemplate:Chembox headerbarTemplate:Chembox OHS (set)Template:Chembox GHS (set)Template:Chembox SDSTemplate:Chembox Datapage checkTemplate:Chembox Footer| Template:Longitem | Template:Unbulleted list |
| ChEBI | Template:Unbulleted list |
| ChemSpider | Template:Unbulleted list |
| DrugBank | Template:Unbulleted list |
| EC Number | Template:Unbulleted list |
| KEGG | Template:Unbulleted list |
| Template:Longitem | Template:Unbulleted list |
| RTECS number | Template:Unbulleted list |
| Script error: No such module "collapsible list". | |
| Script error: No such module "collapsible list". | |
| Template:Longitem | Template:Chembox Elements/molecular formula |
| Molar mass | Template:Chem molar mass |
| Appearance | Crystal leaflets or needles |
| Melting point | Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures |
| Solubility in ethanol | 10 g/100 ml (hot) |
| Solubility in diethyl ether | practically insoluble |
Template:Chembox Footer/trackingScript error: No such module "TemplatePar".Template:Short description
Phenidone (1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidinone) is an organic compound that is primarily used as a photographic developer. It has five to ten times the developing power as Metol, capable of achieving the same level of development in both less time and at a lower concentration.[1] It also has low toxicity and unlike some other developers, does not cause dermatitis upon skin contact.[2] As a developer, Phenidone is typically used in conjunction with hydroquinone for black and white photography and performs better at lower pH levels.[3]
Phenidone is Ilford's trademark for this material, which was first filed on Feb. 24, 1953, but has since expired.[4] Although the compound was first prepared in 1890; it was not until 1940 that J. D. Kendall, in the laboratories of Ilford Limited, discovered the reducing properties of this compound. Large scale production did not become feasible until 1951.[5]
Phenidone functions as a reducing agent. It converts to the N-phenyl-hydroxypyrazole. It is oxidized in acidic conditions, contributing the electrons it loses to reduce silver halides such as those found in film:[6]
Phenidone is also a dual cyclooxygenase/lipoxygenase inhibitor, capable of blocking the synthesis of arachidonic acid, which plays a role in causing inflammation in systemic inflammatory response syndrome[7] and neuronal damage in kainic acid-induced seizures.[8]
Preparation
Phenidone can be prepared by heating phenyl hydrazine with 3-chloropropanoic acid.[2]
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Merck Index of Chemicals and Drugs, 9th ed. monograph 7115
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Karlheinz Keller et al. "Photography" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2005, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. Script error: No such module "CS1 identifiers".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".