Phagwara

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History

Phagwara was initially a market town in the region of Punjab, founded by Chaudhary Phaggu Mal Basra, a Hindu Jatt landlord of the area. In 1635, the Sikh Guru, Guru Hargobind Sahib, visited the city.

Bhai Phaggu was a Gurmukh, Masand, and a Sri Guru Amardas Ji devotee. Guru Amardas sent Bhai Phaggu to preach Sikhism to Sasaram, Bihar. He spent the rest of his life in Bihar. Guru Teg Bahadur once visited Bhai Phaggu in Bihar and called him Chacha ji, leading to Bhai Phaggu ji also known as Chacha Phaggu.[1] When Guru Hargobind Sahib (the sixth Sikh Guru) visited Phagwara in 1635 to see Bhai Phaggu's home, he was not respected by the townspeople, who opposed Bhai Phaggu. According to local legend, later Guru Hargobind ji said “Phagu Da Warra, Bahron Mitha Andra Khara!”—a statement that not only carried cultural significance. Over time, the term “Phagu Da Warra” evolved into “Phagwara,” becoming an enduring part of the region’s identity.[2][3]

The town's property originally belonged to Bhai Phaggu. From the early Mughal era until 1803, Bhai Phaggu's family was the most powerful chiefly family of the Punjabi region of Doaba and controlled approximately 240 villages in Phagwara and Banga Tehsils. His descendant, Chaudhary Trilok Chand Basra, was married to Princess Rajinder Kanwar, daughter of Maharaja Ala Singh of Patiala.[4][5] He was later succeeded by Chaudhary Chuhar Mal Basra, the last chief of the family. He was defeated and ejected from his chieftaincy by Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1803.[6][7][5]

A historical Vaar for Phaggu Mal :-

"ਬੋਲੇ ਤੀਜੇ ਪਾਤਸ਼ਾਹ ਗੁਰ ਪਰਉਪਕਾਰੀ

ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਫੱਗੂ ਮੱਲ ਜੀ ਕਰ ਲਵੋ ਤਿਆਰੀ

ਸੇਵਾ ਲੈਣੀ ਤੁਸੀ ਤੋਂ ਦਿੱਲ ਅਸਾਂ ਨੇ ਧਾਰੀ

ਜਾਵੋ ਸਾਸਾ ਰਾਮ ਨੂੰ ਲੈ ਕੇ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰੀ

ਸਿੱਖੀ ਦਾ ਧੰਨ ਤੁਸਾਂ ਕੋਲ ਹੈ ਬਰਕਤ ਭਾਰੀ

ਸਫਲ ਕਰੇਗਾ ਗਰੇਵਾਲ਼ ਸੇਵਾ ਬਨਵਾਰੀ"

File:Gurudwara Bhai Phaggu Ji.jpg
Gurudwara Bhai/Chacha Phaggu Ji at Sasaram, Bihar

Geography

File:Shri Hanuman Garhi Temple.jpg
Shri Hanuman Garhi Temple
File:Starch-mill-mandir.jpg
Shiv Mandir Pakka Bagh
File:Gurdwara sukhchain sahib.jpg
Gurdwara Sukhchain Sahib

Phagwara is located in Kapurthala district, in the state of Punjab. The city lies in the Doaba region, situated between the Beas and Satluj rivers.[8] It has an average elevation of Script error: No such module "convert"..

a view of the city
View of Lovely Professional University at night

Demographics

According to provisional data from the 2011 census, the Phagwara urban agglomeration had a population of 117,954 with 62,171 males and 55,783 females, and a literacy rate of 87.43%.[9] The city of Phagwara had a population of 97,864, with 51,386 males and 46,478 females. Phagwara has an average literacy rate of 86%, which is higher than the regional average of 75%;. Male literacy is 89%, and female literacy is 83%. 10% of Phagwara's population is under 6 years of age.[10]

The table below shows the population of different religious groups in Phagwara city, as of the 2011 Indian census.

Population by religious groups in Phagwara city, 2011 Indian census[11]
Religion Total Female Male
Hindu 73,845 34,877 38,968
Sikh 20,635 9,988 10,647
Muslim 1,434 663 771
Buddhist 730 347 383
Christian 280 134 146
Jain 233 123 110
Other religions 64 27 37
Not stated 643 319 324
Total 97,864 46,478 51,386

Politics

The city is part of the Hoshiarpur (Lok Sabha constituency).

Constituency number Constituency name Reserved for (SC/None)
29 Phagwara Assembly Constituency SC

Transport

Air

File:Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport, Amritsar.jpg
Sri Guru Ram Das Ji International Airport

The nearest airport is Sri Guru Ram Das Ji International Airport in Amritsar, located Script error: No such module "convert". away. The airport is connected to other parts of India and has direct international flights. It is the 12th busiest airport in India by international traffic (2011). Another international airport, Chandigarh Airport, is located in the state capital, about Script error: No such module "convert". away.

Rail

Phagwara Junction railway station is the main station serving the city. It is a major railway station in the Indian state of Punjab and in North India. The station provides rail connections to many Indian cities. Additionally, Jalandhar Cantonment railway station is located Script error: No such module "convert". away, and Ludhiana Junction railway station (the largest in Punjab) is Script error: No such module "convert". away.

Road

Phagwara is located on the historic Grand Trunk Road (GT Road), formerly NH 1 and now renumbered as National Highway 44. National Highway 44 is the longest highway in India, connecting Srinagar to Kanyakumari.

Education

Universities
Colleges
  • Guru Nanak College
  • Pyramid college of business and technology
  • Kamla Nehru college for women.
  • Ramgarhia Institute of Engineering & Technology
  • Ramgarhia Polytechnic College
  • Ramgarhia College of Education
  • Ramgarhia College
Schools
  • Sant Sarwan Dass Model School Hadiabad, Phagwara
  • G.D.R convent senior secondary school
  • Government Senior Secondary School (Boys)
  • Government Senior Secondary School (Girls)
  • Shri Guru Ram Rai Public School, Hoshiarpur Road, Phagwara
  • Aman Public School
  • Arya model senior secondary school
  • St. Joseph's Convent School
  • Kamla Nehru Public School
  • Swami Sant Dass Public School
  • Mele Singh Missionary School
  • Cambridge International School
  • Saffron Public School
  • Tagore Public High School
  • Jain Model Senior Secondary School
  • Lord Mahavira Jain Public School
  • St. Sai Ram Sunrise High School
  • New Sunflower High School
  • Guru Harkrishan National Model Senior Secondary School
  • S.D. Model senior secondary School
  • MAA Ambay girls Senior secondary School
  • T.W.E.I. Senior Secondary School
  • Ramgarhia Senior Secondary School
  • Dehradoon international public school, Bhabiana
  • Ramgarhia ITI, Rampur Khalyan
  • Kanya Maha Vidaylaya School
  • Apple Orchard School

Villages/Estates in Phagwara tehsil

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References

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  11. ↑ https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11389, India - C-01: Population by religious community, Punjab - 2011, Phagwara (M Cl), Row 77
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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