Pelophryne
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Pelophryne, commonly known as flathead toads or dwarf toads, is a genus of true toads, family Bufonidae.[1][2] The genus occurs in the Philippines, Borneo, Malaya including Singapore, and Hainan (China). Molecular data suggest that Pelophryne is the sister taxon of Ansonia.[1]
Description and ecology
Pelophryne are small, semi-arboreal toads. They can easily be recognized by the peculiar, fleshy web of their fingers and toes. The genus can be divided into two groups: one with rounded but not expanded finger tips, and the other with the tips of the fingers expanded into truncate discs. This morphological division is supported by molecular data.[3]
Where two Pelophryne species coexist, one species is small (<Script error: No such module "convert".) and the other one is larger, about Script error: No such module "convert". in snout–vent length. This is suggestive of resource partitioning.[3]
The tadpoles are specialized for rapid development in very small rain water pools. The eggs are relatively large, and the tadpoles appear to subsist the larval period on yolk. The tadpoles have a degenerate oral disk and lack a spiracle.[4][5]
Species
The following species are recognized in the genus Pelophryne:[1]
| Binomial name and author | Common name |
|---|---|
| Pelophryne albotaeniata Barbour, 1938Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | White-striped flathead toad |
| Pelophryne api Dring, 1984Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | |
| Pelophryne brevipes (Peters, 1867)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Zamboanga flathead toad |
| Pelophryne guentheri (Boulenger, 1882)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Gunther's flathead toad |
| Pelophryne ingeri Matsui, 2019Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | |
| Pelophryne lighti (Taylor, 1920)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Mindanao flathead toad |
| Pelophryne linanitensis Das, 2008Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[6] | |
| Pelophryne misera (Mocquard, 1890)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Black flathead toad |
| Pelophryne murudensis Das, 2008Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[6] | |
| Pelophryne penrissenensis Matsui, Nishikawa, Eto, and Hossman, 2017Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[3] | |
| Pelophryne rhopophilius Inger and Stuebing, 1996Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | |
| Pelophryne saravacensis Inger and Stuebing, 2009Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | |
| Pelophryne signata (Boulenger, 1895)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Saint Andrew's cross toadlet |
In addition, the AmphibiaWeb recognizes Pelophryne macrotis as distinct from Pelophryne guentheri.[2]
References
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