Pattali Makkal Katchi

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Template:Pp-extended Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use Indian English Script error: No such module "Distinguish". Template:Infobox Indian Political Party The Pattali Makkal Katchi (Template:Translation; abbreviated asScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". PMK) is a political party in Tamil Nadu, India. It was founded by Dr. S. Ramadoss in 1989 to provide political representation for the Vanniyar caste, a community found throughout northern Tamil Nadu.[1][2] It is a part of the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA).[3]Its symbol is a mango.[4] As of 2025, it is currently led by Dr. Anbumani Ramadoss following a months long dispute that resulted in his father, Dr. S. Ramadoss, forming a splinter faction of the PMK.[5]

History

Vanniyar Sangam

S. Ramadoss founded the Template:Vanchor in 1980, bringing together a coalition of Vanniyar caste organisations. The Vanniyar Sangam is PMK's parent organisation [6][7] that organised the 1987 Vanniyar reservation agitation, demanding Most Backward Caste (MBC) status for Vanniyars. At the peak of the protests, the state was paralysed for a week when thousands of trees were cut down, highways were blocked and damaged, and more than 1,400 houses belonging to members of the Dalit community were torched.[8] The police shot 21 protestors.[6] Later, in 1989, the DMK government led by then-Chief Minister M. Karunanidhi granted MBC status to the Vanniyars, with the associated reservation entitlements in education and employment.[9]

PMK (1989–present)

Ramadoss founded the PMK on 16 July 1989,[10] emerging from the Vanniyar reservation protests of 1987.[11]

Ahead of the 2004 elections, PMK joined the Democratic Progressive Alliance, a broad Tamil political coalition which also included the DMK, Indian National Congress (INC), Communist Party of India, Communist Party of India (Marxist) and Indian Union Muslim League. The party was able to obtain a significant share of power both in the regional government in Tamil Nadu and the Central Government due to the number of seats it won which helped the United Progressive Alliance (UPA-I) form the Government.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Following the 2004 Lok Sabha elections, the PMK joined the United Progressive Alliance led by the INC. In June 2008, during the final months of the bitter relationship between the DMK and the PMK, the ruling DMK in Tamil Nadu severed its ties with the PMK, who were outside supporters of the Karunanidhi Government.[12] However, the DMK did not press for the party's removal from the UPA Government at the centre. On 26 March 2009, PMK declared that, it would join the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) led front and left the United Progressive Alliance (UPA).

Ramadoss and his son, Anbumani Ramdoss, were arrested by the Jayalalithaa government for their inflammatory speeches, the PMK cadres indulged in violence in April 2013 causing property damages estimated worth ₹600 crores.[13] Jayalalithaa likened the party to a “terrorist” organization and claimed they hurled petrol bombs on moving vehicles and caused damages to 850 vehicles including public buses and threatened to ban the party.[14] Ramadoss and his son were released after 12 days in prison.[15]

PMK contested in the 2014 Lok Sabha election in an alliance with BJP-led NDA and its candidate Anbumani Ramadoss won the Dharmapuri Lok Sabha constituency, he was one of two non-AIADMK MPs from Tamil Nadu the other being from its ally BJP.[16]

PMK continued its alliance with AIADMK and BJP in the 2019 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu and contested 7 seats but the party failed to win any seats.[17]

PMK again contested seats in the 2024 Lok Sabha election, fielding 10 candidates across 10 separate constituencies. But the party failed to win any seats.

The Madras Institute of Developmental Studies (MIDS) and an reported that the PMK and the Hindu Munnani was involved in the 2019 Ponparappi violence where Dalit women were sexually abused and Dalit houses were attacked and damaged.[18] An NGO Evidence also blamed PMK in the violence because the Dalit colony voted overwhelmingly for VCK.[19]

In November 2020, Ramadoss called for a protest demanding 20% internal reservation for Vanniyars in the MBC category in education and jobs from 1 December. During the pro-reservation protests, more than 500 PMK cadres pelted stones on a moving train and blocked traffic when they were blocked from entering Chennai.[20][21] A bill to create the 10.5% internal reservation to Vanniyars was passed on February 26, 2021, by the AIADMK government.[22] The move was taken ahead of the April 6 assembly elections to appease the PMK, which had threatened to quit the coalition if their demand was not satisfied.[23] In July 2021, the DMK government issued an order to implement 10.5% quota Bill for Vanniyars.[23]

PMK contested in 23 seats in the AIADMK alliance in the 2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election and won five seats by securing 4.04%.[17] In the assembly, PMK voted in favour of anti-CAA and anti-farm-law resolutions, but AIADMK and BJP walked out over the matter.[24] PMK left the AIADMK-led alliance for the 2021 local body polls.[25]

Ideology and political positions

The PMK defied Tamil Nadu's Dravidian political culture by explicitly appealing to its caste identification when asking for support. The party has been linked to direct action and protests that have resulted in violence. Between 2012 and 2013, the party ran a campaign against intercaste marriages.[11]

Current office bearers and prominent members

The leaders of Pattali Makkal Katchi, who are also the national executives of the party, are listed below:[26]

National Executive
S.No Member Party Position
1. S. Ramadoss Founder of PMK
2. Anbumani Ramadoss President of PMK
3. Vadivel Ravanan General Secretary of PMK
4. M. Thilagabama Treasurer of PMK
5. S. P. Venkateshwaran MLA, Dharmapuri
6. S. Sadhasivam MLA, Mettur
5. C. Sivakumar MLA, Mailam

List of party leaders

Party Presidents

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Term in office
Assumed office Left office Time in office
1 File:Blank.svg Dheeran
(unknown) 		16 July 1989 31 December 1997 Template:Age in years and days
2 File:G.K.Mani.png G.K. Mani
(1952–) 		31 December 1997 28 May 2022 Template:Age in years and days
3 File:Anbumani Ramadoss in 2007 (cropped).jpg Anbumani Ramadoss
(1968–) 		28 May 2022 Incumbent Template:Age in years and days

Party Honanary Presidents

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Term in office
Assumed office Left office Time in office
1 File:G.K.Mani.png G.K. Mani
(1952–) 		28 May 2022 Incumbent Template:Age in years and days

List of Union Ministers

No. Portrait Minister
(Birth-Death)
ConstituencyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Term of office Portfolio Ministry Prime Minister
From To Period
1 bgcolor="Template:Party color"| File:Blank.svg Dalit Ezhilmalai
(1945Template:Ndash2020)
MP for ChidambaramScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
[MoS(I/C)] 		20 March
1998 		14 August
1999 		Template:Ayd Minister of Health and Family Welfare Vajpayee II Atal Bihari Vajpayee
2 bgcolor="Template:Party color"| File:Blank.svg N. T. Shanmugam
MP for VelloreScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
[MoS(I/C)] 		13 October
1999 		27 May
2000 		Template:Ayd Vajpayee III
bgcolor="Template:Party color"| 27 May
2000 		7 February
2001 		Template:Ayd Ministry of Coal
bgcolor="Template:Party color"| 1 July
2002 		15 January
2004 		Template:Ayd Ministry of Food Processing Industries
3 bgcolor="Template:Party color"| File:A. K. Moorthy (cropped).jpg A. K. Moorthy
(born 1964)
MP for ChengalpattuScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1 July
2002 		15 January
2004 		Template:Ayd MoS in Ministry of Railways
4 bgcolor="Template:Party color"| File:E. Ponnuswamy (cropped).jpg E. Ponnuswamy
(born 1936)
MP for ChidambaramScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		13 October
1999 		7 February
2001 		Template:Ayd MoS in Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas
5 bgcolor="Template:Party color"| File:Anbumani Ramadoss in 2007 (cropped).jpg Anbumani Ramadoss
(born 1968)
Rajya Sabha MP for Tamil NaduScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		23 May
2004 		29 March
2009 		Template:Ayd Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Manmohan I Manmohan Singh
6 bgcolor="Template:Party color"| File:R. Velu addressing addressing at the Closing Ceremony of the 56th Senior National Kabaddi Championship (cropped).jpg R. Velu
(born 1940)
MP for ArakkonamScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		MoS in Ministry of Railways

Election history

Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly

Style="background-color:Template:Party color;color:black" | Election Year Style="background-color:Template:Party color;color:black" |Assembly style="background-color:Template:Party color;color:black" | Seats contested style="background-color:Template:Party color;color:black" | Seats won style="background-color:Template:Party color;color:black" | Overall votes Style="background-color:Template:Party color;color:black" | (%) of votes Style="background-color:Template:Party color;color:black" | (+/-) in seats Style="background-color:Template:Party color;color:black" | Vote swing Style="background-color:Template:Party color;color:black" |Outcome
Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
1991 14th 194 Template:Composition bar 14,52,982 5.89% Increase 1 Steady new Others
1996 15th 116 Template:Composition bar 14,52,982 3.84% Increase 3 Decrease 2.05 Others
2001 16th 27 Template:Composition bar 15,57,500 5.56% Increase 16 Increase 1.72 Government
2006 17th 31 Template:Composition bar 18,63,749 5.65% Decrease 2 Increase 0.09 Government
2011 18th 30 Template:Composition bar 19,27,783 5.23% Decrease 15 Decrease 0.42 Opposition
2016 19th 232 Template:Composition bar 23,00,558 5.32% Decrease 3 Decrease 0.06 Others
2021 20th 23 Template:Composition bar 17,58,774 3.80% Increase 5 Decrease 1.52 Opposition
Lok Sabha election
Election Year Election Votes polled Won Change of Seats Alliance Result
1996 11th Lok Sabha 552,118 Template:Composition bar No Change PMK+ Lost
1998 12th Lok Sabha 15,48,976 Template:Composition bar Increase4 NDA Government
1999 13th Lok Sabha 2,236,821 Template:Composition bar Increase1 NDA Government
2004 14th Lok Sabha 1,927,367 Template:Composition bar No Change DPA Government
2009 15th Lok Sabha 1,944,619 Template:Composition bar Decrease5 TF Lost
2014 16th Lok Sabha 1,804,812 Template:Composition bar Increase1 NDA Government
2019 17th Lok Sabha 2,297,431[27] Template:Composition bar Decrease1 NDA Government
2024 18th Lok Sabha 18,79,689 Template:Composition bar No Change NDA Government

DPA - Democratic Progressive Alliance NDA - National Democratic Alliance TF - Third Front PT - PMK-Tiwari Congress Front

Template:Vertical bar chart

Template:Vertical bar chart

Puducherry

Puducherry Legislative Assembly election
Election Year Election Votes polled Won Change of Seats Alliance Result
2006 2006 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election N.A. Template:Composition bar Increase2 DPA Government

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Lok Sabha election
Election Year Election Votes polled Won Change of Seats Alliance Result Candidate
1999 13th Lok Sabha 140,920 Template:Composition bar No Change NDA Lost M. Ramadass
2004 14th Lok Sabha 241,653 Template:Composition bar Increase1 DPA Government M. Ramadass
2009 15th Lok Sabha 208,619 Template:Composition bar Decrease1 TF Lost M. Ramadass

DPA - Democratic Progressive Alliance NDA - National Democratic Alliance TF - Third Front PT - PMK-Tiwari Congress Front

List of Lok Sabha Members

Year Election Member Constituency Remarks
1998 12th Lok Sabha Dalit Ezhilmalai Chidambaram (SC)
K. Parymohan Dharmapuri
M. Durai Vandavasi
N.T. Shanmugam Vellore
1999 13th Lok Sabha A.K. Moorthy Chengalpattu
Mathivanan Chidambaram (SC)
P D Elangovan Dharmapuri
M. Durai Vandavasi Re-elected for 2nd term
N.T. Shanmugam Vellore Re-elected for 2nd term
2004 14th Lok Sabha Rangasamy Velu Arakkonam
A.K. Moorthy Chengalpattu Re-elected for 2nd term
E Ponnuswamy Chidambaram (SC) Re-elected for 2nd term
Senthil Raman Dharmapuri
K Dhanaraju Tindivanam
M. Ramadass Puducherry
2014 16th Lok Sabha Anbumani Ramadoss Dharmapuri

List of Rajya Sabha Members

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Position Term in office Constituency
(House)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Assumed office Left office Time in office
1 File:Anbumani Ramadoss briefing the media after his meeting with the Health Ministers of Polio affected states Delhi, UP, Bihar, Uttaranchal, Jharkhand, MP, Haryana and Maharashtra, in New Delhi on September 21, 2006.jpg R. Anbumani
(1968–) 		Member of Rajya Sabha 2004 2010 6 years Tamil Nadu
(Rajya Sabha)
2019 2025 6 years

See also

References

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