Parthenos sylvia
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Parthenos sylvia, the clipper,[1][2] is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in south and southeast Asia, mostly in forested areas.[1][2] The clipper is a fast-flying butterfly and has a habit of flying with its wings flapping stiffly between the horizontal position and a few degrees below the horizontal. It may glide between spurts of flapping.[3][4]
Description
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The various forms or subspecies are closely aligned and greatly resemble one another.[3][4]
Range
The species lives in the Western Ghats, Bangladesh, Assam, Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos, Sri Lanka, and Southeast Asia (Malaya, Philippines, and New Guinea).[1][2][3][4]
Life history
Larva. Cylindrical; head and anal segment with short simple spines; segments three to 12 with longer branched spines, reddish brown, those on three and four comparatively very long. Pale green, with yellowish-white lateral stripes one on each side.[3][4]
Pupa. "brown, boat-shaped." (After Davidson & Aitken)[3][4]
Subspecies
Listed alphabetically:[2]
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- P. s. admiralia Rothschild, 1915
- P. s. apicalis Moore, 1878
- P. s. aruana Moore, [1897]
- P. s. bandana Fruhstorfer
- P. s. bellimontis Fruhstorfer, 1899
- P. s. borneensis Staudinger, 1889
- P. s. brunnea Staudinger, 1888
- P. s. couppei Ribbe, 1898
- P. s. cyaneus Moore, 1877
- P. s. ellina Fruhstorfer, 1899
- P. s. gambrisius (Fabricius, 1787)
- P. s. guineensis Fruhstorfer, 1899
- P. s. joloensis Fruhstorfer, 1899
- P. s. lilacinus Butler, 1879 – blue clipper
- P. s. nadiae (Casteleyn, 2020)
- P. s. nodrica (Boisduval, 1832)
- P. s. numita Fruhstorfer
- P. s. obiana Fruhstorfer, 1904
- P. s. pherekrates Fruhstorfer, 1904
- P. s. pherekides Fruhstorfer, 1904
- P. s. philippinensis Fruhstorfer, 1899 – brown clipper
- P. s. roepstorfii Moore, [1897]
- P. s. salentia (Hopffer, 1874)
- P. s. silvicola Fruhstorfer, 1897
- P. s. sulana Fruhstorfer, 1899
- P. s. sumatrensis Fruhstorfer, 1899
- P. s. sylla (Donovan, 1798)
- P. s. theriotes Fruhstorfer
- P. s. thesaurinus Grose-Smith, 1897
- P. s. thesaurus Mathew, 1887
- P. s. tualensis Fruhstorfer, 1899
- P. s. ugiensis Fruhstorfer
- P. s. virens Moore, 1877
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Larva
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Blue clipper
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Race philippensis
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Brown clipper
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Ventral view
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Races depicted in Seitz
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Plate from Frederic Moore's The Lepidoptera of Ceylon depicting the imago, larva and pupa
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P. s. borneensis, Borneo
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A Parthenos sylvia
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References
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