Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company
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Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company Limited, often referred to simply as "Palmers", was a British shipbuilding company. The company was based in Jarrow, County Durham, in north-eastern England, and had operations in Hebburn and Willington Quay on the River Tyne.
History
Early history and growth
The company was established in 1852 by Charles Mark Palmer as Palmer Brothers & Co. in Jarrow.[1] Later that year it launched the John Bowes, the first iron screw collier.[1]Template:Sfn By 1900, the business was known as Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company.Template:SfnTemplate:Refn At that time, besides building ships, it manufactured and processed its own steel and other metals, and its products included Reed water tube boilers and marine steam engines.Template:SfnTemplate:Refn
By 1902, Palmers' base at Jarrow occupied about 100 acres (41 hectares) and included 0.75 miles (1.2 kilometres) of the southern bank of the River Tyne, and employed about 10,000 men and boys.Template:Sfn In 1910, Sir Charles Palmer's interest in the business was acquired by Lord Furness who, as Chairman, expanded the business by acquiring a lease over a new graving dock at Hebburn from Robert Stephenson and Company.[2] In 1919, Palmers laid down the Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities"., which was sunk by a German U-boat in 1941, causing the loss of 84 lives and Script error: No such module "convert". of silver.[3][4]
Depression and collapse
The Great Depression began in 1929, all but destroying the shipbuilding industry, which did not rebound until the Second World War. In 1931, Palmers posted a loss of £88,867, Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "[".. The company received a moratorium from its creditors in order to extend repayment. In January 1933, the majority of the company's unsecured creditors met in London and agreed to extend the moratorium a further six months.[5]
Palmers was unable to survive and collapsed by the end of 1933. The company's blast furnaces and steel works—which covered 37 acres—were put up for auction.[6] The Jarrow yard was sold to National Shipbuilders Securities, which closed it down in order to sell it, causing much unemployment and leading to the Jarrow March.[7] After the shipyard closed, following support from the industrialist, Sir John Jarvis, the site was used the engine shop as a steel foundry for another 18 months.[8]
The company retained the yard at Hebburn and was acquired by Armstrong Whitworth, becoming Palmers Hebburn Company.[9] In 1973, Vickers-Armstrongs, successor to Armstrong Whitworth, sold the Palmers Dock at Hebburn to Swan Hunter and developed it as the Hebburn Shipbuilding Dock.[10] This facility was acquired from the receivers of Swan Hunter by Tyne Tees Dockyard in 1994. They sold it to Cammell Laird in 1995. When Cammell Laird entered receivership in 2001, the dock was acquired by A&P Group.[11][12] The yard remains in use as a ship repair and refurbishment facility.[13]
Ships built by Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company
Template:Expand list Ships built by Palmers included:
Battlecruisers
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Battleships
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- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1861)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1910)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1906)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1892)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1915)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1892)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1901)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1870)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1856)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1870)
Cruisers
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1885)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1918)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1886)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1897)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1890)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1897)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Canadian Navy (1891)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1891)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1885)
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- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1928)
Destroyers
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- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1903)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1896)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1903)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1932)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1932)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1903)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1903)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1903)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1897)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1897)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1897)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1895)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1900)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1895)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". White Ensign Royal Canadian Navy (1932)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1900)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1899)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1895)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1904)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1899)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1896)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1905)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1900)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1904)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1905)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1896)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1918)
Monitors
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- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1915)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1871)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1915)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1915)
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River gunboats
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- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1877)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1876)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1876)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". File:Austria-Hungary-flag-1869-1914-naval-1786-1869-merchant.svg Austro-Hungarian Navy (1889)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1876)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1877)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1876)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1876)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1876)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1877)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". White Ensign Royal Navy (1877)
Merchant and leisure
Cable ships
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Cargo ships
- Anne Thomas Red Ensign Evan Thomas Radcliffe (1882)
- Anthony Radcliffe Red Ensign Evan Thomas Radcliffe (1893)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Red Ensign Alfred Holt and Company (1922)
- Clarrisa Radcliffe Red Ensign Evan Thomas Radcliffe (1889)
- Douglas Hill Red Ensign Evan Thomas Radcliffe (1890)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Red Ensign British-India Steam Navigation Company (1919)
- Gwenllian Thomas Red Ensign Evan Thomas Radcliffe (1882)
- Iolo Morganwg Red Ensign Evan Thomas Radcliffe (1882)
- John Bowes Red Ensign Charles Palmer (1852)[14]
- Kate Thomas Red Ensign Evan Thomas Radcliffe (1884)
- Lady Palmer Red Ensign Evan Thomas Radcliffe (1889)
- Mary Thomas Red Ensign Evan Thomas Radcliffe (1889)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Red Ensign (1900)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Red Ensign China Mutual Steam Navigation Company (1922)
- SS Reigate Red Ensign Surrey Steamship Co Ltd, London (1901) (renamed Anversoise 1911)
- Slavic Prince (Prince Line Ltd, Newcastle) (1918)
Oil tankers
- British Ardour Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1928)
- British Aviator Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1924)
- British Captain Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1923)
- British Chemist Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1925)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1929)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1922)
- British Freedom Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1928)
- British General Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1922)
- British Honour Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1928)
- British Industry Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1927)
- British Inventor Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1926)[15]
- British Justice Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1928)
- British Light Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1917)
- British Loyalty Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1928)
- British Mariner Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1922)
- British Officer Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1922)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1922)
- British Science Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1931)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1922)
- British Splendour Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1931)
- British Strength Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1931)
- British Yeoman Red Ensign British Tanker Company (1923)
Passenger ships
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (1860)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (1896)
- Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (1868)[16]
Steam yachts
Tugs
- PT Northumberland Red Ensign G. Wascoe, Shields, 1852 Yard number 1[17][18]
Cargo vessels
- S.S. Socotra, 1897
See also
Notes
Explanatory footnotes
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Citations
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- ↑ Charles Palmer Template:Webarchive
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- ↑ SS Nevada
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General and cited references
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External links
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