Oxalis corniculata
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Template:Short description Template:Speciesbox
Oxalis corniculata, the creeping woodsorrel, procumbent yellow sorrel[1] or sleeping beauty, is a somewhat delicate-appearing, low-growing herbaceous plant in the family Oxalidaceae.
Template:Em is a small creeping type of woodsorrel that tends to grow well in moist climates.[2] It resembles the common yellow woodsorrel, Oxalis stricta.
Description
It has a narrow, creeping stem that easily takes root at the nodes. Its trifoliate leaves are subdivided into three rounded leaflets, resembling a clover. Some varieties have green leaves, while others, such as Oxalis corniculata var. atropurpurea, have purple leaves. There are inconspicuous stipules at the base of each petiole. The small, yellow flowers have either round-edged or sharp-ended petals. The flowers close when the plant is not within direct sunlight, hence the name "sleeping beauty". Some specimens can have a single flower while others can have over 20.
The fruit is a narrow, cylindrical capsule, Template:Cvt long, and noteworthy for its explosive discharge of the contained seeds, Template:Cvt long.[3] Pollen is about 34 microns in diameter.
Taxonomy
Oxalis corniculata was given its scientific name by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. It is classified in the genus Oxalis and within the family Oxalidaceae. It has no accepted varieties, but has many among its Template:Table row counter synonyms.[4]
| Name | Year | Rank | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acetosella corniculata (L.) KuntzeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1891 | species | ≡ hom. |
| Acetosella corniculata var. subglabra KuntzeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1891 | variety | = het. |
| Acetosella corniculata var. villosa (M.Bieb.) KuntzeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1891 | variety | = het. |
| Acetosella herpestica (Schltdl.) KuntzeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1891 | species | = het. |
| Acetosella simulans (Baker) KuntzeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1891 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis albicans var. sericea DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1824 | variety | ≡ hom. |
| Oxalis boridiensis R.KnuthScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1940 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis ceratilis E.Mey.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1843 | species | = het., nom. nud. |
| Oxalis ciliifera A.Cunn.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1839 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. atropurpurea Planch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1857 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. ciliifera (A.Cunn.) Hook.f.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1852 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. corcovadensis R.KnuthScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1930 | variety | ≡ hom. |
| Oxalis corniculata f. erecta MakinoScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1912 | form | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. glabrocapsula Roti Mich.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1978 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. hispida Blatt.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1931 | variety | ≡ hom. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. javanica (Blume) BackerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1911 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. langloisii (Small) WiegandScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1925 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. lupulina (Kunth) Zucc.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1823 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. macrophylla Arsène ex R.KnuthScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1919 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. minima Poir.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1816 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. minor LangeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1878 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata f. minor Lange ex FioriScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1907 | form | = het., nom. illeg. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. pilosiuscula (Kunth) Zucc.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1823 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. pubescens Griseb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1859 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata f. pubescens Batt.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1888 | form | = het., nom. illeg. |
| Oxalis corniculata subsp. purpurea (Parl.) Arcang.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1882 | subspecies | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. purpurea Parl.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1873 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata f. purpurea (Parl.) FioriScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1901 | form | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. radicosa (A.Rich.) Roti Mich.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1978 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata subsp. repens (Thunb.) Masam.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1934 | subspecies | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. repens (Thunb.) Zucc.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1831 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. reptans LaingScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1914 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. rubra MakinoScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1910 | variety | = het., nom. illeg. |
| Oxalis corniculata rubra G.NicholsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1886 | = het. | |
| Oxalis corniculata var. rubrifolia MakinoScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1926 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata f. rubrifolia (Makino) H.HaraScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1954 | form | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata f. speciosa (Masam.) Masam.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1938 | form | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. taiwanensis Masam.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1938 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. trichocaulon H.Lév.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1910 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. tropaeoloides (E.Fürst) H.HirzelScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1861 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata f. tropaeoloides (E.Fürst) R.KnuthScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1930 | form | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. typica R.KnuthScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1919 | variety | ≡ hom., not validly publ. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. villosa (M.Bieb.) Hohen.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1837 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. villosa P.Fourn.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1937 | variety | = het., nom. illeg. |
| Oxalis corniculata f. villosa (M.Bieb.) FioriScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1907 | form | = het. |
| Oxalis corniculata var. viscidula WiegandScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1925 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis foliosa Blatt.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1930 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis furcata ElliottScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1821 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis glauca Raf. ex DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1824 | species | = het., not validly publ. |
| Oxalis grenadensis Urb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1912 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis herpestica Schltdl.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1856 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis humistrata Willd. ex Steud.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1841 | species | = het., not validly publ. |
| Oxalis jamaicensis Macfad.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1837 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis javanica BlumeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1825 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis langloisii (Small) FeddeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1905 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis lujula NoronhaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1790 | species | = het., nom. nud. |
| Oxalis lupulina KunthScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1822 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis lutea Steud.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1821 | species | = het., not validly publ. |
| Oxalis meridensis PittierScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1930 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis micrantha Bojer ex ProgelScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1877 | species | = het., not validly publ. |
| Oxalis minima Steud.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1821 | species | = het., not validly publ. |
| Oxalis monadelpha Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1834 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis norlindiana R.KnuthScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1927 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis pilosiuscula KunthScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1822 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis pubescens StokesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1812 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis pusilla Salisb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1794 | species | = het., nom. illeg. |
| Oxalis radicosa A.Rich.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1848 | species | ≡ hom. |
| Oxalis recisa NoronhaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1790 | species | = het., nom. nud. |
| Oxalis repens Thunb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1781 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis repens var. erecta (Makino) Masam.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1930 | variety | = het. |
| Oxalis repens f. speciosa Masam.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1930 | form | = het. |
| Oxalis reptans Sol. ex G.Forst.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1786 | species | = het., nom. nud. |
| Oxalis simulans BakerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1883 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis steudeliana R.KnuthScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1927 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis taiwanensis (Masam.) Masam.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1940 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis tenuicaulis A.Cunn.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1839 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis thunbergiana Montrouz.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1860 | species | = het., nom. illeg. |
| Oxalis trinidadensis R.KnuthScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1927 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis tropaeoloides E.FürstScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1858 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis uittienii J.T.JansenScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1947 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis urvillei A.Cunn.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1839 | species | = het. |
| Oxalis villosa M.Bieb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1808 | species | = het. |
| Oxys corniculata (L.) Scop.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1771 | species | ≡ hom. |
| Oxys lutea Lam.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1779 | species | = het. |
| Xanthoxalis corniculata (L.) SmallScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1903 | species | ≡ hom. |
| Xanthoxalis corniculata var. atropurpurea (Planch.) MoldenkeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1947 | variety | = het. |
| Xanthoxalis corniculata f. atropurpurea (Planch.) NakaiScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1952 | form | = het. |
| Xanthoxalis corniculata f. erecta (Makino) NakaiScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1952 | form | = het. |
| Xanthoxalis corniculata subsp. purpurea (Parl.) NakaiScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1952 | subspecies | = het. |
| Xanthoxalis corniculata f. purpurea (Parl.) NakaiScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1952 | form | = het. |
| Xanthoxalis corniculata subsp. repens (Thunb.) TzvelevScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1996 | subspecies | = het. |
| Xanthoxalis corniculata var. repens (Thunb.) NakaiScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1952 | variety | = het. |
| Xanthoxalis grenadensis (Urb.) Tzvelev ex Prob. & Sokolovsk.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1988 | species | = het. |
| Xanthoxalis langloisii SmallScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1903 | species | = het. |
| Xanthoxalis repens (Thunb.) MoldenkeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1944 | species | = het. |
| Xanthoxalis trinidadensis (R.Knuth) HolubScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | 1973 | species | = het. |
| Notes: ≡ homotypic synonym ; = heterotypic synonym | |||
Distribution
This species probably comes from southeastern Asia.[5] It was first described by Linnaeus in 1753[6] using specimens from Italy, and it seems to have been introduced to Italy from the east before 1500.[5] It is now cosmopolitan in its distribution and is often regarded as a weed in gardens,[7] agricultural fields, and lawns.[8]
Chloroplast genome
The chloroplast genome sequence is 152,189 bp in size, and contains 131 genes. It includes a pair of 25,387 bp inverted repeats that separate a large 83,427 bp single copy region. The genome suggests that this plant is closely related to O. drummondii.[2]
Uses
The leaves of this species are edible, and have a tangy taste like lemons. A drink can be made by infusing the leaves in hot water for about 10 minutes, sweetening, and then chilling.[9] The entire plant is rich in vitamin C. Any woodsorrel is safe in low dosages, but if eaten in large quantities over a length of time can inhibit calcium absorption by the body.[9]
Indigenous peoples of Taiwan frequently grow this plant (known roughly as p-r-səʔ) as a cure for snakebites and scabies.[10]
References
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- ↑ Template:BSBI 2007
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Template:Cite POWO
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Hackney, P. 1992. Stewart & Corry's Flora of the North-east of Ireland. Institute of Irish Studies, Queen's University of Belfast.
- ↑ UC Davis IPM
- ↑ a b Lee Allen Peterson, Edible Wild Plants, Houghton Mifflin Company, New York City (1977), p. 104.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".