Orconectes
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Orconectes is a genus of cave dwelling freshwater crayfish, endemic to suitable habitats in the eastern United States. Surface dwelling species, formerly categorised here, were moved to Faxonius in 2017.[1]
Due to their subterranean habitat, they are usually depigmented, often blind, and are long-lived. Ages of 176 years have been claimed for O. australis, though this was reduced to ≤22 years in a 2012 study.[2]
Taxonomy
The genus Orconectes was erected in 1872 by Edward Drinker Cope to house Astacus pellucidus (now Orconectes pellucidus) and his new species, Orconectes inermis.[3]
Prior to the 2017 review by Oxford university, the genus contained 85 species in 11 subgenera. The Faxonius subgenus was raised to a full genus, and the majority of species formerly recorded as Orconectes were moved there. Following the review, approximately 8 species are known:[1]
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| Scientific name | Authority | Common name | Red List status[4] | Type locality |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| O. australis | (Rhoades, 1941) | southern cave crayfish | Script error: No such module "sort". | Shelta Cavern, Madison County, Alabama |
| O. barri | Buhay & Crandall, 2008 | Cumberland Plateau cave crayfish | Script error: No such module "sort". | Tonya's Cave, Wayne County, Kentucky |
| O. incomptus | Hobbs & Barr, 1972 | Tennessee cave crayfish | Script error: No such module "sort". | Cherry Cave, Jackson County, Tennessee |
| O. inermis | Cope, 1872 | ghost crayfish | Script error: No such module "sort". | Wyandotte Caves, Crawford County, Indiana |
| O. i. testii | (Hay, 1891) | unarmed crayfish | Script error: No such module "sort". | Mayfield's Cave, Monroe County, Indiana |
| O. packardi | Rhoades, 1944 | Appalachian cave crayfish | Script error: No such module "sort". | Cumberland Crystal Cave, Pulaski County, Kentucky |
| O. pellucidus | (Tellkampf, 1844) | Mammoth Cave crayfish | Script error: No such module "sort". | Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky |
| O. sheltae | Cooper & Cooper, 1997 | Shelta cave crayfish | Script error: No such module "sort". | Shelta Cave, Madison County, Alabama |
| O. stygocaneyi | Hobbs III, 2001 | Caney Mountain cave crayfish | Script error: No such module "sort". | Mud Cave, Caney Mountain Conservation Area, Ozark County, Missouri |
References
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