Omid
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "about". Template:Infobox spaceflight Omid (Template:Langx, meaning "Hope")[1] was Iran's first domestically made satellite.[2][3] Omid was a data-processing satellite for research and telecommunications; Iran's state television reported that it was successfully launched on 2 February 2009.[3][4][5] After being launched by an Iranian-made carrier rocket, Safir 1, the satellite was placed into a low Earth orbit. President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad supervised the launch, which coincided with the 30th anniversary of the Iranian Revolution; NASA verified the launch's success the following day.[6][7] Its Satellite Catalog Number or USSPACECOM object number is 33506.
Ahmadinejad said the satellite was launched to spread "monotheism, peace and justice" in the world.[8] The Tehran Times reported that "Iran has said it wants to put its own satellites into orbit to monitor natural disasters in the earthquake-prone nation and improve its telecommunications."[9] Foreign minister Manouchehr Mottaki said that Iran launched the satellite to "meet the needs of the country" and that it was "purely for peaceful purposes".[8] Since there was very little encryption on the satellite, data could be collected and read by citizens.[10]
Omid had the shape of a Script error: No such module "convert". cube with mass of Script error: No such module "convert".. Sources in the Iranian Space Agency say the satellite's sole payload was a store and forward telecommunication capability.[5]
The launch of Omid makes Iran the ninth country to develop an indigenous satellite launch capability.
Specifications
- Store and Forward Telecommunication Satellite
- Dimensions: 40 cm × 40 cm × 40 cm
- Weight: 27 kg
- Thermal Control: Passive
- Frequency Band: UHF
- Nodal Period: 90.7 minutes
- Inclination: 55.71°
- Apogee: 381.2 km
- Perigee: 245.5 km
Previous Iranian satellites
Omid was the second Iranian satellite to be placed into orbit. A previous Iranian satellite, Sina-1, was built and launched for Iran by Russia in 2005.[11][12]
Test launch
Speaking at the opening of a new space centre on 4 February 2008, President Ahmadinejad announced that Omid would be launched in "the near future".[13] On 17 August 2008, Iranian officials reported that they performed a test of the satellite carrier; they broadcast footage of the Safir rocket launch in darkness.[14]
According to an American official, "The vehicle failed shortly after liftoff and in no way reached its intended position."[15]
Orbit
The satellite was launched southeast over the Indian Ocean to avoid overflying neighboring countries and was placed into an orbit with an inclination of 55.5 degrees,[16] with a perigee of 246 km, an apogee of 377 km, and a period of 90.76 minutes.[17]
End of mission
Omid was reported to have completed its mission without any problems. It completed more than 700 orbits over seven weeks.[18] According to U.S. Strategic Command, the Omid satellite re-entered Earth's atmosphere on 25 April 2009, during an 8-hour window centered on 0342 UT. The most likely re-entry location was over the south Atlantic Ocean, east of Buenos Aires, Argentina. No sightings were reported.[19] The rocket body from the launch, which had also entered orbit, re-entered the atmosphere 31 May 2009.[20] Script error: No such module "Listen".
Further launches
Iran launched Rasad 1 on 15 June 2011, orbiting for three weeks.
See also
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- Iranian Space Agency
- List of orbits
- Safir (rocket)
- Sina-1
- Khayyam satellite
- Timeline of first orbital launches by country
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References
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