Old World Wisconsin

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Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Old World Wisconsin is an open-air museum located near Eagle, in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States. It depicts housing and the daily life of settlers in 19th-century Wisconsin, with separate areas representing the traditions of different ethnic groups who settled in the state. Costumed interpreters portray the occupations and chores of typical settlers of the time.

Overview

Opened in 1976, the museum is owned and operated by the Wisconsin Historical Society. The largest outdoor museum of rural life in the United States, it encompasses approximately 480 acres[1] (2.4 km2) of rolling wooded hills. It is adjacent to the Kettle Moraine State Forest South Unit. It contains more than 60 historic structures, ranging from ethnic farmsteads with furnished houses and rural outbuildings to an 1880s crossroads village with traditional small town institutions. Ramsey barn contains a gift shop, the historically inspired Brewhouse demonstrates historic brewing and offers samples of the daily brew. The Creamery offers a selection of lunch options, snacks, sweets and frozen custard. An event space is located in the octagonal Clausing Barn. Trams run between the Scandinavian and Life on the Farms, and Crossroads Village Areas.

History

Old World Wisconsin exists largely due to the efforts of German immigrant Hans Kuether and architect Richard W. E. Perrin.[2] Perrin was an early advocate for the preservation of historic structures as evidenced by his involvement with the Association for the Preservation of Historic Buildings and with the preservation of the Mitchell-Rountree House in Platteville, Wisconsin in 1959.[3] Perrin published a guide book in 1960 titled Historic Wisconsin Architecture listing 76 structures in Wisconsin that he felt were worthy of preservation.[4] Perrin first proposed the idea for an outdoor museum in 1964 in the form of a "Pioneer Park".[5][6] Perrin's inspiration for the park actually dated back to a trip he made to Europe in 1953 and visited European outdoor museums including Skansen in Sweden which he used as his model for the Wisconsin Park.[2]

The effort to actually create the museum began in 1966, when the University of Wisconsin Department of Landscape Architucture and the Wisconsin Historical Society, agreed to have an undergraduate class at the university prepare preliminary plans for an outdoor museum.[7] The proposals created were published in a report titled "Heritage Village, Wisconsin – A Preliminary Proposal". Following this, two graduate students were selected to refine and expand the preliminary programs through research, on-site investigations and design studies and create a master plan for development. The study was co-funded by the College of Agricultural and Life Sciences and the State Historical Society at a cost of under $5,000. In 1968, the master plan was summarized in a 122-page report which also included an economic feasibility study by a graduate student in the School of Business. The project was named Old World Wisconsin and the Heritage wording was later applied to the Heritage Hill State Historical Park near Green Bay, Wisconsin.

Fundraising for purchase of property estimated at $30,000 were begun in January 1969.[8] In June 1971 it was announced that the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources would transfer about 560 acres of property that was then part of the Kettle Moraine State Forest to the State Historical Society for the museum. Development costs were estimated at $1.5 million at that time with about 20% of that coming from private donors.

Development of the park was intended to start in 1972 and the Historical Society had already moved 11 dismantled structures to the site but work was delayed until 1973 pending completion of an environmental impact study.[9] A dispute arose in 1973 with the Town of Eagle. The residents of the town were concerned about the impact the environmental impact statement revealed that the development of the museum would have on their town and the town board became concerned over lack of control by local zoning and building permits.[10] The board had directed the town's building inspector to post a stop-work order at the site.[11] The state filed a suit to vacate the order and $50,000 damages. The town countersued for $5,000,000 claiming that newly passed state law required the state to follow local zoning ordinances. The court lifted the order stating that work had started at the site before the law took effect on August 1 and was therefore exempt from the new rule.[12] The town did not give up on their lawsuit until November 1974.[13]

The park was dedicated on June 8, 1974, with a flag-raising ceremony. At the time there were 8 structures completed or under construction.[14]

In May 1975, the society reported that construction was still on schedule but that estimated costs had risen from $2.3 million to $4.5 million but that donations had only produced about $1 million.[15]

In December 1975 Wisconsin Governor Patrick Lucey announced that a $4 million fund raising campaign would be chaired by Herbert Kohler Jr. and his wife Linda.[16] The Kohler family already had a 45-year history of historic building construction and restoration through the Kohler Foundation dating back to the 1931 construction of the Waelderhaus and the 1950s restoration of the Sylvanus Wade House.

The queen of Denmark, Margrethe II dedicated the Danish exhibit on May 14, 1976.[17]

The museum officially opened on June 30, 1976, in time for the United States Bicentennial celebration.[18]

Tornado damage

On the evening of June 21, 2010, the museum was hit by a tornado that leveled acres of trees on the grounds.[19] The "Old World 4th of July" event was canceled because of the clean-up efforts.

Villages

File:Yoked Wisconsin oxen.jpg
Live Interpreter with oxen

The park is divided into themed areas that represent typical settlement from various immigrant cultures.

  • African American: Pleasant Ridge Cemetery Chapel, Shepard Family Cemetery, United Brethren Church, Pleasant Ridge Cemetery
  • Danish: Pedersen Farm
  • Finnish: Rankinen Farm, Ketola Farm
  • German: Koepsel Farm, Schottler Farm, Schulz Farm
  • Norwegian: Fossebrekke Farm, Kvaale Farm, Raspberry School[22]
  • Polish: Kruza House
  • Yankee/1880s Village: Harmony Town Hall, Four Mile Inn, Sisel Shoe Shop, Benson House, Grotelueschen Blacksmith Shop, Peterson Wagon Shop, Thomas General Store, Mary Hafford House, St. Peter's Church and a new exhibit added in 2014, Catch Wheel Fever
    • Yankee Village also contains non-Yankee buildings featuring the integration of other European settlers to Wisconsin in the 19th century:

List of structures

Template:Side box Three of the site's structures are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Buildings were relocated from locations throughout Wisconsin.

Structure name Village location Image Built Construction/style/notes
Bicycle Shop The Green Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:OWW-TheGreen-Bicycle Shop.jpg
Caldwell Hall Education Center The Green Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Caldwell Farmers Club Hall-Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Clausing Barn/Gift Shop The Green Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Clausing Barn Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Pergola The Green Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:OWW-TheGreen-Pergola.jpg 2016
Ramsey Barn The Green Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Ramsey Barn Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Shelter The Green Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:OWW-TheGreen-Shelter.jpg
Guest Services/Family History Center The Green Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:OWW-Guest Services-Family History Center.jpg
United Brethren Church African-American Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:United Brethren Church-Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Pleasant Ridge Chapel African-American Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Pleasant Ridge Chapel Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Pleasant Ridge Cemetery African-American Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Pleasant Ridge Cemetery Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Shepard Family Cemetery African-American Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Shepard Family Cemetery Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Pedersen House Danish Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Pederson House-Old World Wisconsin.jpg 1872[23] moved from Polk County[23]
Pedersen Barn Danish Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Pederson Barn-Old World Wisconsin.jpg early 1870s [23] moved from Polk County[23]
Ketola Barn Finnish Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Ketola Barn-Old World Wisconsin.jpg Moved from Oulu, Bayfield County
Ketola House Finnish Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Ketola House-Old World Wisconsin.jpg Log[24] Moved from Oulu, Bayfield County
Lantta Hay Barn
(Ketola Farm)		 Finnish Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Lantta Hay Barn-Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Ronkainen Sauna
(Ketola Farm)		 Finnish Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Ronkainen Sauna-Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Kortesmaa Granary
(Ketola Farm)		 Finnish Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Kortesmaa Granary-Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Makela Stable
(Ketola Farm)		 Finnish Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Makela Stable Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Rankinen Outhouse
(Ketola Farm)		 Finnish Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Rankinen Outhouse-Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Rankinen House Finnish Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Rankinen House-Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Rankinen Barn Finnish Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Rankinen Barn-Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Kortesmaa Outhouse
(Rankinen Farm)		 Finnish Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Koepsel House German Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Koepsell House Rear at Old World Wisconsin.jpg 1860[25] Listed on the NRHP in 1973 (#73000095)
Barn
(Koepsel Farm)		 German Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Brewing Shed
(Koepsel Farm)		 German Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Outhouse
(Koepsel Farm)		 German Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Koepsell Outhouse Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Stable
(Koepsel Farm)		 German Script error: No such module "Coordinates". 1850[26] Astylistic Utilitarian. Moved to Old World Wisconsin from town of Emmet, Dodge County, west side of County Road EM, 1.1 miles north of State Road 109
Hog pen
(Koepsel Farm)		 German Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Koepsell Hog Pen Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Wood Shop
(Koepsel Farm)		 German Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Schultz House German Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Schultz House Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Schultz Barn German Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Schultz Barn Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Schultz Stable German Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Schultz Stable Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Schottler House German Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Christian Turck House at Old World Wisconsin.jpg 1846[27] Cedar log house chinked with rye straw and clay, built in Washington County. Listed on the NRHP in 1973 (#73000097) as Christian Turck House
Held Barn
(Schottler farm)		 German Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Held Barn Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Jung Barn
(Schottler farm)		 German Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Jung Barn Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Fassbender Granary
(Schottler farm)		 German Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Fassbender Granery Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Kessel Bakehouse
(Schottler farm)		 German Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Kessel Bakehouse Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Jung Smokehouse
(Schottler farm)		 German Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Jung Smokehouse Exterior Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Abandoned House Norwegian Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Abandoned Barn Norwegian Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Kvaale House Norwegian Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Kvaale House Front-Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Dahlen Corncrib
(Kvaale Farm)		 Norwegian Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Sorbergshagen Barn
(Kvaale Farm)		 Norwegian Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Sorbergshagen Barn-Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Lisbakken Granery
(Kvaale Farm)		 Norwegian Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Lisbakken Granary-Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Bosboen Barn
(Kvaale Farm)		 Norwegian Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Bosboen Barn-Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Otteson Outhouse
(Kvaale Farm)		 Norwegian Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Veggli House
(Kvaale Farm)		 Norwegian Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Fossebrekke House Norwegian Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Fossebrekke Farm-Old World Wisconsin.jpg 1845 (oldest building on site)[28]
Raspberry Schoolhouse Norwegian Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:OldWorldWisconsinRaspberrySchoolHouse.jpg
Ward District Schoolhouse No. 3 Norwegian Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Ward District School House No. 3.jpeg 1849[29] Greek Revival, Listed on the NRHP in 1981 (#81000066)
Kruza House Polish Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Kruza House Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Kaczorowski Outhouse Polish Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Kaczorowski Outhouse Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Roadside Cross Polish Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Benson House Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Benson House Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Benson Barn Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Benson Gezebo Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Blacksmith Shop Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Blacksmith Shop Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Hafford House Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Mary Hafford Irish Immigrant House Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Four Mile House Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Four Mile House Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Harmony Town Hall Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Harmony Town Hall-Old World Wisconsin.jpg 1876[30] Front Gabled. Originally build it Town of Harmony in Rock County. Moved to Old World Wisconsin in October, 1976.
Peterson Wagon Shop Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Wagon Shop Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Sisel Shoe Shop Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Sisel Shoe Shop Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Sisel Barn Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Stage Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Thomas General Store Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Thomas General Store Old World Wisconsin.jpg 1876[31] Front gabled limestone. Moved to Old World Wisconsin in 1992 from the SE corner of Hwy 18 and Waterville Road in Waukesha County.
Barn
(Thomas Store)		 Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Thomas General Store Shed World World Wisconsin.jpg
Outhouse
(Thomas Store)		 Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Thomas Store Outhouse2 Old World Wisconsin.jpg
Loomer Barn Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Loomer Barn Old World Wisconsin.jpg 1858[32] Astylistic Utilitarian. The Loomer Barn was reconstructed at Old World Wisconsin in the mid-1980s as a part of the Yankee farmstead. It's an example of a three-bay threshing barn, tied to the period of heavy wheat production in southern WI.
Sanford House Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:Sanford House Old World Wisconsin.jpg
St. Peter's Church Yankee/1880s Village Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:St Peters Church Old World Wisconsin.jpg 1838[33] Gothic Revival. Moved from 3257 S Lake Dr, St. Francis. Originally located at 2469 N. Murray Ave. in Milwaukee.
Administrative offices Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Concession Stand Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Entrance Sign (North 1 of 2) Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:OWW-Entrance sign-north.jpg
Entrance Sign (South 2 of 2) Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:OWW-Entrance sign-south.jpg
Farmhouse Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Farmhouse barn Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Farmhouse garage Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Farmhouse shed Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Farmhouse wellhouse Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Greenhouse Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Machinery building Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Maintenance building Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Maintenance shed Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Maintenance shed Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Picnic Shelter Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Public Restrooms
(German Area)		 Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Public Restrooms
(Norwegian Area)		 Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Rustic Restrooms Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates". File:OWW-Finnish - Rustic Restrooms.jpg
Storage Barn Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Tram stop shelter Service/Admin/Misc Script error: No such module "Coordinates".

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
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  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Open access
  19. ↑ Tom Held, Mike Johnson and Karen Herzog. "Homeowners assess tornado damage after harrowing night in Eagle" Template:Webarchive, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, June 22, 2010. Retrieved November 4, 2010.
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

Template:Sister project

Template:Protected areas of Wisconsin

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