Ochlockonee River

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The Ochlockonee River (Script error: No such module "IPAc-en". Script error: No such module "Respell".) is a fast running river, except where it has been dammed to form Lake Talquin in Florida, originating in Georgia and flowing for Script error: No such module "convert".[1] before terminating in Florida.

Background

The name is from the Hitchiti language words for yellow river.[2] The Ochlockonee originates south of the town of Sylvester in Worth County in southwest Georgia and empties into Ochlockonee Bay and then Apalachee Bay in Florida.

The river forms the western boundaries of Leon County and Wakulla County and eastern boundaries of Gadsden County, Liberty County, and Franklin County in Florida. It flows through the Red Hills, the Jackson Bluff Dam, Talquin State Forest, Lake Talquin State Park and the Apalachicola National Forest, and past Ochlockonee River State Park, where it is tidally influenced and a mixture of fresh, brackish, and salt water,[3] on the way to its terminus in Ochlockonee Bay, which then empties into Apalachee Bay, with tidal influences extending upstream over Script error: No such module "convert". from the river's mouth.[4]

History

File:05-04 FloodOchlockonee.jpg
Ochlockonee flooding in Gadsden Co., Florida, near Fairbanks Ferry Road Bridge.

When the Spanish arrived in northern Florida, the Ochlockonee River formed the western boundary of their Apalachee Province. Late 17th-century Spanish documents refer to the river as ClaraquachineTemplate:Efn and Amarillo (Spanish for "yellow"). A 1716 Spanish document called it Rio de Lagna (lagna is probably Apalachee for "yellow"). An English map from 1720 identifies it as the Yellow River. A 1778 map spells the river's name "Okalockney", while one from 1856 has it as "Oklokonee". The modern name probably derives from the Hitchiti/Mikasuki Oki (water) and Lagana (yellow).[5]

From 1839 to 1842, Fort Virginia Braden was established on the river located at Fort Braden in Florida. The fort was named after the commander's wife who died of yellow fever.

The Civil War

The Ochlockonee River saw action during the Civil War. On 15 July 1863, the screw steamer gunboat USS Stars and Stripes and wooden side-wheel steam ferryboat USS Somerset attacked the salt works at Mashes Sands. On 29 December 1863, Stars and Stripes sank the blockade-running schooner Caroline Gertrude, aground on the sandbar at the mouth of the Ochlockonee. Stars and Stripes also captured the blockade-running steamer Laura off the Ochlockonee on 18 January 1864. On 19 and 20 October 1864, Stars and Stripes destroyed an extensive Confederate fishery at Mashes Island and captured the troops stationed there as guards.[6]Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Jackson Bluff Dam

File:Talquin Dam on Lake Talquin from SR20.jpg
Jackson Bluff Dam

In 1927 the Jackson Bluff Dam was constructed on the Ochlockonee River to produce hydroelectric power. The waters held back by the dam formed Lake Talquin.

Importance

File:OchlockoneeRiver1975.jpg
Aerial view of the flooded Ochlockonee River on April 16, 1975 near Bloxham, just southwest of the modern State Highway 20 bridge crossing and the Talquin Dam.

The Ochlockonee River corridor is home to many threatened fish, wildlife and plant species. It has been designated under the State of Florida's Outstanding Florida Waters program and has been identified by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission as a Strategic Habitat Conservation Area.[7]

Rare animals that can be found along the Ochlockonee include red-cockaded woodpecker, least tern, and the Apalachicola dusky salamander.[7] The river is especially rich in rare freshwater mussels (Unionidae), including three federally listed endangered species: the Ochlockonee moccasinshell, the Shinyrayed pocketbook, and the Oval pigtoe.[8] "The Florida maybell tree can be found only along the Ochlockonee and Chipola Rivers.[7]

The Ochlockonee is connected to and a source of water for Lake Iamonia, especially during flooding.

Recreation

Fishing for largemouth bass, black crappie, Bream, striped bass and channel catfish can be excellent on the Ochlockonee River, and a state-designated canoe trail can be found both upstream and downstream of Lake Talquin. Telogia Creek and the Little River near State Road 12 are also popular for canoeing.[7] The Florida National Scenic Trail follows the river for two miles.[7]

The Ochlockonee is a vital link in the production of seafood in Apalachee Bay. During floods, the river transports organic matter downstream into the estuary of Ochlockonee Bay where the shallows of the bay were created by the great volume of sand and clay brought down by the river. This estuary serves as a nursery for numerous species of fish and shellfish which are the basis for recreational and commercial fishing as well as the seafood that this area is known for. Fishing on the Ochlockonee Bay is excellent for Flounder, Redfish, Black Drum, Spotted Sea Trout, Blue Crab and sharks.

Crossings

A number of major highways cross the Ochlockonee River along its course, including Interstate 10 and U.S. highways 19, 27, U.S. Route 84 and 319.

Crossing Carries Image Location Coordinates

Georgia

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Rail bridge Norfolk Southern Railway
Line formerly known as the Georgia Northern Railway 		Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Old Doerun Rd Moultrie Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
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Lower Meigs Road Moultrie Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Fred Webb Road Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Smithwick Bridge Smithwick Bridge Road Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Rocky Ford Bridge Zion Grove Church Road Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Bannister Road Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Beeline Road Road Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
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Old Confederate Bridge Egg-Butter Road (Defunct) Dawesville Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
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Rail bridge CSX
Line formerly known as the South Georgia and Florida Railroad 		Dawesville Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
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Rail bridge CSX
Line formerly known as the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad 		Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Script error: No such module "Jct". File:State Route 93 and Ochlockonee River.jpg Cairo Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Hadley Ferry Bridge CR 54
Hadley Ferry Road 		File:Ochlockonee River bridges on Hadley Ferry Road.jpg Rocky Hill Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Old Hadley Ferry Bridge (Defunct) File:Old bridge at Hadley Ferry Landing.jpg Rocky Hill Script error: No such module "Coordinates".

Florida

Fairbanks Ferry/Bridge File:County Road 12 FL.svg CR 12 File:Ochlockonee River Fairbanks Ferry Bridge02.jpg Concord Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
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Script error: No such module "Jct". 		File:Iron Bridge Landing boat ramp and bridge.jpg Tallahassee Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
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Rail bridge CSX
Line formerly known as the Georgia, Florida and Alabama Railway. 		Tallahassee Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
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Script error: No such module "Jct". File:Gadsden Leon County FL Ochlockonee River bridge01.jpg Midway Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Rail bridge CSX
Line formerly known as the Pensacola and Georgia Railroad 		File:Gadsden Leon County FL Ochlockonee River rail bridge02.jpg Midway Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Talquin Dam Bloxham Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
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Forest Highway 13 		File:Ochlockonee River bridge on County Road 368.jpg Porter Lake Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Rail bridge Georgia, Florida and Alabama Railway (Defunct) McIntyre Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Script error: No such module "Jct". File:Ochlockonee River US 319 bridge south03.jpg Sopchoppy Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Ochlockonee Bay Bridge (a/k/a Walker Bridge) Script error: No such module "Jct". File:Ochlockonee Bay Bridge.jpg Ochlockonee Bay Script error: No such module "Coordinates".

See also

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Boning, Charles R. 2007. Florida's Rivers. Sarasota, Florida: Pineapple Press, Inc. Template:ISBN
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Hemming, Jon M. et al., 2006, Water and sediment quality at mussel (Unionidae) habitats in the Ochlockonee River of Florida and Georgia. Endangered Species Research 2: 37-49.

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External links

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