Nonane

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Nonane

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Template:Longitem	1696917
ChEBI	Template:Unbulleted list
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EC Number	Template:Unbulleted list
Template:Longitem	240576
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MeSH	nonane
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RTECS number	Template:Unbulleted list
UN number	1920
Template:Longitem	Template:Chembox Elements/molecular formula
Molar mass	Template:Chem molar mass
Appearance	Colorless liquid
Odor	Gasoline-like
Density	0.718 g/mL
Melting point	Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures
Boiling point	Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures
log P	5.293
Vapor pressure	0.59 kPa (at 25.0 °C)
Template:Longitem	1.7 nmol Pa−1 kg−1
Template:Longitem	−108.13·10−6 cm3/mol
Template:Longitem	1.405
Template:Longitem	284.34 J K−1 mol−1
Template:Longitem	393.67 J K−1 mol−1
Template:Longitem	−275.7 – −273.7 kJ mol−1
Template:Longitem	−6125.75 – −6124.67 kJ mol−1
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	Template:NFPA 704 diamond
Flash point	Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures
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Explosive limits	0.87–2.9%
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Nonane is a linear alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C₉H₂₀. It is a colorless, flammable liquid, occurring primarily in the component of the petroleum distillate fraction commonly called kerosene, which is used as a heating, tractor, and jet fuel. Nonane is also used as a solvent, distillation chaser, fuel additive, and a component in biodegradable detergents. It is also a minor component of diesel fuel.

Nonane has 35 structural isomers.

Its substituent form is nonyl. Its cycloalkane counterpart is cyclononane, (C₉H₁₈).

Unlike most alkanes, the numeric prefix in its name is from Latin, not Greek. (A name using a Greek prefix would be enneane.)

Combustion reactions

Nonane undergoes combustion reactions that are similar to other alkanes. In the presence of sufficient oxygen, nonane burns to form water and carbon dioxide.

C₉H₂₀ + 14O₂ → 9CO₂ + 10H₂O

When insufficient oxygen is available for complete combustion, the burning products include carbon monoxide.

2C₉H₂₀ + 19O₂ → 18CO + 20H₂O

See also

• Higher alkanes
• List of isomers of nonane

External links

• MSDS at Oxford University
• List of isomers of nonane