Nolanea
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Nolanea is a subgenus of fungi in the genus Entoloma.[1][2] Called pinkgills in English, basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are agaricoid, mostly mycenoid (like species of Mycena) with slender stems.[3] All have salmon-pink basidiospores which colour the gills at maturity and are angular (polyhedral) under a microscope. Recent DNA evidence has shown that at least 87 species belong to the subgenus Nolanea which has a worldwide distribution.[3]
Taxonomy
The taxon Nolanea was introduced in 1821 by the Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries as a "tribe" of Agaricus comprising slender agarics with bell-shaped caps, hollow stems, and pink spores.[4] In 1871 German mycologist Paul Kummer raised the tribe to genus level.[5] The name was used by many subsequent mycologists,[6][7][8] but others have preferred to use the name Entoloma sensu lato for all fungi with pink, angular spores, retaining Nolanea as a subgenus.[9]
Recent molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has shown that Nolanea, as previously defined, is paraphyletic (an artificial grouping).[10] By excluding some species and adding others, however, Nolanea has been redefined as a monophyletic (natural) grouping.[11][3] In this new sense, Nolanea has been treated either as a subgenus[3] or as a separate genus.[11]
The redefined Nolanea excludes Entoloma rhombisporum and related species, Entoloma ameides and related species, and cuboid-spored species now placed in Entoloma subgenus Cubospora.[3]
An interesting taxonomic characteristic used to identify Nolanea fructufragaans Largent and Theirs is its distinctive odor. Sporocarp collected in coastal California redwood forest have a candy-store like or a “tooty-fruity” odor. Chemical analysis show anisole and 1,3-dimethoxybenzene as being responsible for this taxonomic characteristic of field collections. [12]
References
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