Nitramide

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Nitramide or nitroamine is a chemical compound with the molecular formula Template:Chem2. Substituted derivatives Template:Chem2 are termed nitramides or nitroamines as well. Organyl derivatives of nitramide, Template:Chem2 and Template:Chem2, are widely used as explosives: examples include RDX and HMX. It is an isomer of hyponitrous acid. Nitramide can be viewed as a nitrogen analog of nitric acid (Template:Chem2), in which the hydroxyl group Template:Chem2 is replaced with the amino group Template:Chem2.

Structure

The nitramide molecule is essentially an amine group (Template:Chem2) bonded to a nitro group (Template:Chem2). It is reported to be non-planar in the gas phase,[1] but planar in the crystal phase.[2]

Synthesis

Thiele and Lachman's original synthesis of nitramide involved the hydrolysis of potassium nitrocarbamate:[2]

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Other routes to nitramide include hydrolysis of nitrocarbamic acid,

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reaction of sodium sulfamate with nitric acid,

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and reaction of dinitrogen pentoxide with two equivalents of ammonia.

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Organic nitramides

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File:RDX.svg
The organic nitramide RDX is a widely used explosive.

References

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