Ninti

Template:Short description Template:Template otherTemplate:Wikidata imageTemplate:Compare image with Wikidata Ninti (Template:Langx; "mistress of life"Template:Sfn) was a Mesopotamian goddess worshipped in Lagash. She was regarded as the mother of Ninkasi. She also appears in the myth Enki and Ninhursag as one of the deities meant to soothe the Enki's pain. In this text, her name is reinterpreted first as "lady rib" and then as "lady of the month" through scribal word play.

Attestations

Ninti's name can be translated as "mistress who keeps alive" or "mistress (of) life".Template:Sfn A variant form of her name might be Nintiḫal, "mistress who allocates life".Template:Sfn However, Jeremiah Peterson notes that due to the existence of the divergent variant spelling Kurratiḫal it is not certain how the cuneiform sign NIN should be read in this case.Template:Sfn

Oldest attestations of Ninti have been identified in texts from Fara.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn She is also attested in Early Dynastic texts from Lagash, and according to Gebhard Selz must have been worshipped in this city, as references to a temple dedicated to her are known.Template:Sfn This conclusion has been subsequently accepted by other authors.Template:Sfn She also appears in the theophoric names Ninti-badmu, "Ninti is my mother", and Ninti-men, "Ninti is the crown" or "Ninti has the crown".Template:Sfn Further attestations, including theophoric names (for example Ur-Ninti), as well as entries in offering lists and god lists, are available from the Ur III and Old Babylonian periods.Template:Sfn In the Old Babylonian god list from Mari, Ninti appears in the proximity of Nindara and Ninmug.Template:Sfn

Associations with other deities

A hymn to Ninkasi states that while this goddess was raised by Ninhursag, her parents were Ninti and Enki.Template:Sfn Ninti and Ninkasi occur near each other in a document from the Fara period.Template:Sfn The relation between Ninti and Enki is also attested in the god-list An = Anum,Template:Sfn where she is equated with his spouse Damkina.Template:Sfn The masculine equivalent of her name, Enti, is also given as an alternate name of Enki, though in other contexts ^dEN.TI was instead a logographic representation of the name of Ebiḫ,Template:Sfn a mountain god presumed to represent Hamrin Mountains.Template:Sfn Ninti also occurs next to Enki in a lexical list referred to as Silbenvokabular A.Template:Sfn

Antoine Cavigneaux and Manfred Krebernik additionally suggest that the deity Nintiḫal might correspond to Ninti in the Nippur god list, and that under this name she was understood as the mother of Siris.Template:Sfn The list records the sequence Nintiḫal, Siris, Ninkasi.Template:Sfn Nintiḫal is also attested in relation to Nungal,Template:Sfn the goddess of prisons.Template:Sfn She was regarded as the udug (in this context: "protective spirit") of her house.Template:Sfn

Gebhard Selz stresses that Ninti should not be confused with Nintinugga,Template:Sfn a healing-goddess from Nippur.Template:Sfn

Mythology

In the myth Enki and Ninhursag, Ninti appears as one of the eight deities created to relieve Enki of his pain, being specifically responsible for healing his ribs.Template:Sfn The other deities created for the same purpose in this narrative include Abu, Ninsikila (MeskilakTemplate:Sfn), Ningiriutud (Ningirida), Ninkasi, Nanshe, Azimua and Ensag (Inzak).Template:Sfn In the end, when favorable destinies are proclaimed for all of them, Ninti is appointed to the position of the "lady of the month".Template:Sfn Her name is reinterpreted first as a pun on nin-ti, "lady rib", and then nin-iti, "lady of the month", which according to Dina Katz reflects the fact that the compilers of the text selected her entirely based on her name's potential for wordplay and were "not interested in her religious background".Template:Sfn Jeremiah Peterson considers the reinterpretation of her name to be an example of a folk etymology.Template:Sfn

External links

• Hymn to Ninkasi (Ninkasi A) in the Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature
• Enki and Ninhursag in the ETCSL
• Ninti in the Electronic Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary