Navagraha
The navagraha are nine heavenly bodies and deities that influence human life on Earth according to Hinduism and Hindu mythology.[1] The term is derived from nava (Template:Langx "nine") and graha (Template:Langx "planet, seizing, laying hold of, holding"). The nine parts of the navagraha are the Sun, Moon, planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, and the two nodes of the Moon.[2]
The term planet was applied originally only to the five planets known (i.e., visible to the naked eye) and excluded the Earth. The term was later generalized, particularly during the Middle Ages, to include the sun and the moon (sometimes referred to as "lights"), making a total of seven planets. The seven days of the week of the Hindu calendar also corresponds with the seven classical planets and European culture also following same patron and are named accordingly in most languages of the Indian subcontinent. Most Hindu temples around the world have a designated place dedicated to the worship of the navagraha.
List
| No. | Image | Name | Western equivalent | Day | Stotra[3] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | File:Surya graha.JPG | Surya | Sun | Sunday | japākusuma saṅkāśaṃ kāśyapēyaṃ mahādyutim ।
tamō'riṃ sarva pāpaghnaṃ praṇatōsmi divākaram ॥1॥ |
| 2. | File:Chandra graha.JPG | Chandra | Moon | Monday | dadhiśaṅkha tuṣārābhaṃ kṣīrōdārṇava sambhavam ।
namāmi śaśinaṃ sōmaṃ śambhō-rmakuṭa bhūṣaṇam ॥2॥ |
| 3. | File:Angraka graha.JPG | Mangala | Mars | Tuesday | dharaṇī garbha sambhūtaṃ vidyutkānti samaprabham ।
kumāraṃ śaktihastaṃ taṃ maṅgaḻaṃ praṇamāmyaham ॥3॥ |
| 4. | File:Budha graha.JPG | Budha | Mercury | Wednesday | priyaṅgu kalikāśyāmaṃ rūpēṇā pratimaṃ budham ।
saumyaṃ saumya guṇōpētaṃ taṃ budhaṃ praṇamāmyaham ॥4॥ |
| 5. | File:Brihaspati graha.JPG | Brihaspati | Jupiter | Thursday | dēvānāṃ cha ṛṣīṇāṃ cha guruṃ kāñchanasannibham ।
buddhimantaṃ trilōkēśaṃ taṃ namāmi bṛhaspatim ॥5॥ |
| 6. | File:Shukra graha.JPG | Shukra | Venus | Friday | himakunda mṛṇāḻābhaṃ daityānaṃ paramaṃ gurum ।
sarvaśāstra pravaktāraṃ bhārgavaṃ praṇamāmyaham ॥6॥ |
| 7. | File:Shani graha.JPG | Shani | Saturn | Saturday | nīlāñjana samābhāsaṃ raviputraṃ yamāgrajam ।
Chāyā mārtāṇḍa sambhūtaṃ taṃ namāmi śanaiścharam ॥7॥ |
| 8. | File:Rahu graha.JPG | Rahu | Ascending node of the Moon | ardhakāyaṃ mahāvīraṃ chandrāditya vimardhanam ।
siṃhikā garbha sambhūtaṃ taṃ rāhuṃ praṇamāmyaham ॥8॥ | |
| 9. | File:Ketu graha.JPG | Ketu | Descending node of the Moon | palāśa puṣpa saṅkāśaṃ tārakāgrahamastakam ।
raudraṃ raudrātmakaṃ ghōraṃ taṃ kētuṃ praṇamāmyaham ॥9॥ |
Music
Muthuswami Dikshitar (1776–1835), a Carnatic music composer from southern India, composed the Navagraha Kritis in praise of the nine grahas.[4] Each song is a prayer to one of the nine planets. The Sahitya (lyrics) of the songs reflect a profound knowledge of the mantra and jyotisha sastras.
See also
- Jyotisha
- Nakshatra
- Saptarshi
- List of Hindu deities
- List of Hindu pilgrimage sites
- List of Navagraha temples
- List of Natchathara temples
- List of Hindu temples
- Planets in astrology
References
External links
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