National monuments of Singapore

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Template:Short description

File:Padang and Singapore skyline.JPG
The Padang was gazetted as the 75th national monument in celebration of Singapore's 55th year of independence. National monuments also visible are Fullerton Building, Victoria Theatre and Concert Hall, the Former Supreme Court, and the Former City Hall.

Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates The National monuments of Singapore are sites, buildings and structures in Singapore that have been designated by the National Heritage Board (NHB) as being of special historic, traditional, archaeological, architectural or artistic value. For historical significance (World War II, self-independence of Singapore, transformation and the oldest memories of the structure), these buildings are not allowed to be demolished. The Preservation of Monuments Act gives the board authority to order the preservation of such sites and promote research and public interest in the monuments.

National monuments can be declared under the Preservation of Monuments Act which was enacted in December 1970. The act allows sites to be recommended for preservation based on historic, traditional, archaeological, architectural, or artistic value, with the Preservation of Monuments Board (PMB) formed in April 1972 later to carry out the "muscle and teeth" of the act as there has been growing concern from the government over the disappearance of historic buildings from urban redevelopment.[1] By June 1973, there was a list of 40 recommended sites to be designated as national monuments, with a call to the public for additions to the list.[2] A month later, the first batch of landmarks for preservation would be announced, which included the Thong Chai Medical Institution, Armenia Church, St. Andrew's Cathedral, Telok Ayer Market, Thian Hock Keng Temple, Sri Mariamman Temple, Fatimah Mosque, and Cathedral of the Good Shepherd.[3] On 4 October 2021, it was proposed for the Preservation of Monuments Act would be amended such that the definition of a national monument would expanded to any open space, inland waters, or any area of land, including buildings, with past or present human activity.[4]

The NHB is a statutory board within the Government of Singapore, under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Culture, Community and Youth, and it has so far gazetted 82 sites, buildings and structures, officially listed as 75 national monuments. The latest addition to the list is Padang.[5]

The full list and description of the national monuments are listed on NHB's website Roots.SG.

List of national monuments

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Building name[6] Date completed Current usage AddressTemplate:Efn CoordinatesTemplate:Efn Date gazetted[6] Details National
Monument #[6]Template:Efn 		Image Ref(s)
Anderson Bridge Template:Dts Bridge Singapore River Template:Coordinates Template:Dts Opened in 1910, the steel truss girder bridge was constructed to ease traffic on the Cavenagh Bridge. It is named after Sir John Anderson, the Governor of the Straits Settlement from 1904 to 1911.
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Armenian Church Template:Dts Church Hill Street 006060 Hill Street Template:Coordinates Template:Dts The church was opened on Easter Sunday in 1836 to serve the Armenian community during colonial Singapore. Designed by George D. Coleman, it resembles the Mother Church of the Armenian Apostolic Church in Etchmiadzin, Armenia. With its circular design, which does not appear in any other church in Singapore, the altarpiece is a painting of the Last Supper. The Armenian Church features Doric columns and triangular pediments on each side of the building. It is Singapore's oldest church.
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Bowyer Block, Singapore General Hospital Template:Dts Singapore General Hospital Museum Third Hospital Avenue 0011 11 Third Hospital Avenue Template:Coordinates Template:Dts The Bowyer Block was opened in 1926 as part of the new Singapore General Hospital (SGH) for the general public as the Upper Block. It was renamed to the Bowyer Block in post-World War II (WWII) in memory of Dr John H. Bowyer, who died during the Japanese occupation of Singapore. Much of SGH was redeveloped in the 1980's except for the Bowyer Block, making it the only remaining part of the original SGH. The neoclassical building currently houses the Singapore General Hospital Museum.
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Caldwell House Template:Dts–Template:Dts Part of the CHIJMES complex Victoria Street 003030 Victoria Street Template:Coordinates Template:Dts The Caldwell House was a bungalow for the French sisters of Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus Chapel. Currently, the neoclassical building is part of CHIJMES, a shopping centre. It is the oldest building in the CHIJMES compound
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Cathay Building Template:Dts Commercial Handy Road 00022 Handy Road Template:Coordinates Template:Dts Opened in 1939, the art deco cinema was Singapore's first skyscraper and air-conditioned cinema. During the Japanese occupation of Singapore, it became an office for theJapanese Military Propaganda Department or sendehan, as well as the Japanese Broadcasting Department and Military Information Bureau. Most of the cinema has been replaced by a glass building, with the façade of the original building remaining.
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Cathedral of the Good Shepherd Template:Dts–Template:Dts Church 4 Queen Street Template:Coordinates Template:Dts One of Singapore's oldest cathedrals and the cathedral church for the Archbishop of Singapore.
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Cavenagh Bridge Template:Dts Bridge Singapore River Template:Coordinates Template:Dts Connecting Raffles Place to the government quarter, it is Singapore's oldest suspension bridge and the last major work of Indian convicts. Prior to the bridge, people had to take a ferry to cross the Singapore River, with a temporary toll bridge replacing the ferry at some point. It is named after Sir William O. Cavenagh, the Governor of the Straits Settlement from 1859 to 1867.
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The Cenotaph Template:Dts War memorial Connaught Dr Template:Coordinates Template:Dts A war memorial that is dedicated to the military personnel who died in World War I (WWI) and WWII. Initially opened in 1922 to honour those from the Colony of Singapore who came to fight in Europe during WWI, the reverse side of the monument was dedicated to those who died defending Singapore and in WW2. It is based off The Cenotaph in Whitehall, London.
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Central Fire Station Template:Dts Fire station Hill Street 006262 Hill Street Template:Coordinates Template:Dts Completed in 1909, it is Singapore's oldest surviving fire station. It was built under the recommendation of Montague W. Pett, then-Superintendent of the Singapore Fire Brigade, where he transformed the force from being poorly trained to a modern fire brigade. Firefighters from the fire station responded to various post-WWII and post-independence emergencies such as the Bukit Ho Swee fire and Collapse of Hotel New World. The 'blood-and-bandage'Template:Efn building is still operational.
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Changi Prison, Old Entrance Gate, Turret and Wall Template:Dts Prison Upper Changi Road North Upper Changi Road North Template:Coordinates Template:Dts Changi Prison was completed in 1936 and started operations in 1937 as a maximum security prison in response to the then-ongoing prison overcrowding problem. During the Japanese Occupation of Singapore, it was used as a prisoner-of-war camp where the Double Tenth incident took place. In 1959, after several members of the People's Action Party (PAP) were released from Changi Prison after being arrested and detained in the prison in 1956 for being involved in labour strikes. Much of the original building was replaced by a new building except for the entrance gate, two corner turrets, and a Script error: No such module "convert". long wall.
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Chesed-El Synagogue Template:Dts Synagogue Oxley Road 00022 Oxley Rise Template:Coordinates Template:Dts The synagogue was built by Sir Manasseh Meyer in 1905 as the Maghain Aboth Synagogue was insufficient for the expanding Jewish population. After WWII, the Maghain Aboth Synagogue was primarily used due to the shrinking Jewish population, though it was decided that it would be closed on Mondays so that the Chesed-El Synagogue can still be used. It is currently one of two synagogues in Singapore, the other being the Maghain Aboth Synagogue.
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Chinese High School Clock Tower Building Template:Dts Part of Hwa Chong Institution Bukit Timah Road 0673673 Bukit Timah Road Template:Coordinates Template:Dts Built between 1923 to 1925, the neoclassical clock tower was opened as part of The Chinese High School (present day Hwa Chong Institution)'s Bukit Timah campus, the first secondary and high school specifically for the Chinese community in Singapore. During WWII, it was by the Japanese as a surveillance tower.
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Chung Cheng High School (Main) Administration Building and Entrance Arch Template:Dts School Goodman Road 003050 Goodman Road Template:Coordinates Template:Dts Completed in 1968, the Administration Building of the Chung Cheng High School's Goodman Road Campus was constructed to provide modern educational facilities for students. Chung Cheng High School was one of the first schools accessible to Chinese youths. The building combines both traditional Chinese and modern architectural elements such as its double-tier Chinese roof.
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Church of Our Lady of Lourdes 1888 Church Ophir Road 005050 Ophir Road Template:Coordinates Template:Dts Opened in 1888, the neo-gothic church was constructed to cater to the then-expanding Tamil Catholic community. It is one of Singapore's oldest churches and still used to this day by different ethnicities.
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Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul 1869–1870 Church Queen Street 0225A225A Queen Street Template:Coordinates Template:Dts Initially constructed to serve the growing Chinese and Tamil Catholic communities, it was designated as a church exclusively for the Chinese due to Church of Our Lady of Lourdes's nickname as "The Tamil Church". It is one of the oldest Catholic churches in Singapore.
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Church of St Teresa Template:Dts Church Bukit Purmei 00022 Bukit Purmei Template:Coordinates Template:Dts Opened in 1929 to cater to Hokkien Catholics, it is the only Catholic building to be built have Romano-Byzantine architecture. The Church continues to be used by different ethnicities and houses the Singapore branch of the Apostle of the Sea, an international Catholic group for seafarers.
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Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary 1901 Church Upper Serangoon Road 12591259 Upper Serangoon Road Template:Coordinates Template:Dts Built between 1898 to 1901, it was constructed to replace the Church of Saint Mary as the Teochew Catholic community in Hougang was expanding then. The Neo-Gothic church is one of the oldest churches in the suburbs of Singapore.
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Civilian War Memorial 15 February 1967 War memorial War Memorial Park, Singapore Template:Coordinates Template:Dts Opened in 1967 by Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew, the Civilian War Memorial is dedicated to those who died during the Japanese occupation of Singapore in WWII. It was built after mass graves of Sook Ching victims were discovered in the 1950's and 1960's. It is known as the "Four Chopsticks" by locals due to its four columns which represent the four main ethnic groups of Singapore who died under Japanese occupation, being Chinese, Malays, Indians, and Eurasians.
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Former City Hall 1926–1929 Part ofNational Gallery Singapore Saint Andrew's Road 00033 Saint Andrew's Road Template:Coordinates Template:Dts Completed in 1929, it was initially called the Municipal Building with the Municipal Council based there. During the Japanese occupation of Singapore, it became the headquarters for the Japanese Military. It was also where Supreme Commander of the South East Asia Command Louis Mountbatten accepted the surrender of General Seishiro Itagaki in 1945. In 1951, it was renamed to City Hall when Singapore was granted city status. 8 years later in 1959, it hosted Lee Kuan Yew's swearing as Singapore's first Prime Minister and formal declaration of Singapore's self-governing as well as Yusof bin Ishak becoming the Yang di-Pertuan Negara (head of state in Malay) and the introduction of Singapore's national anthem "Majulah Singapura", state crest, and state flag. Lee also read the Proclamation of Malaysia on the steps of City Hall in 1963. After Singapore's Independence, it housed various government agencies. In 2015, the neoclassical-modernist building became part of the National Gallery Singapore along with the Former Supreme Court.
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College of Medicine Building 1926 Occupied by the Ministry of Health (MOH), Singapore Medical Council, and College of Family Physicians College Road 001616 College Road Template:Coordinates Template:Dts The College of Medicine Building opened as The Straits and Federated Malay States Government Medical School in 1905, where locals could learn Western medicine without having to leave Singapore. In 1913 it was renamed to King Edward VII Medical School after receiving a donation from the King Edward VII Memorial Fund the year prior, then subsequently renaming itself to be King Edward VII College of Medicine in 1921. In 1926, a new building for the school was opened, where it housed the Council Chamber and education facilities. The school was merged with Raffles College to create the University of Malaya and subsequently became the Faculty of Medicine. Currently, the Ministry of Health (MOH) Singapore Medical Council, and College of Family Physicians occupy the neoclassical building.
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Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus Chapel 1904 Part of the CHIJMES complex Victoria Street 003030 Victoria Street Template:Coordinates Template:Dts The Anglo-French Gothic chapel opened in 1903 and was subsequently consecrated in 1904, where it became the "crowning glory of the convent". The chapel features a five-storey spire and a series of stained-glass windows made by Jules Dobbelaere, a "famed" and "highly-skilled" European craftsman. Particularly, the chapel's apse features a series of windows showcasing Jesus's life, with its nave featuring the Twelve Apostles. In 1983 the convent moved to a new compound in Toa Payoh and the chapel was subsequently deconsecrated. It is currently part of CHIJMES, a shopping centre.
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Elgin Bridge 1929 Bridge Singapore River Template:Coordinates Template:Dts The first Elgin Bridge was an iron bridge from Calcutta, which opened in 1862 in place of several previous bridges.Template:Efn In 1928 the bridge was reconstructed to facilitate more traffic and to allow tongkangs (river boats) to pass through, which was done by raising the bridge Script error: No such module "convert". higher. Spanning Script error: No such module "convert". across the Singapore River, it has three steel bowstring arches and three concrete caissons on each side of the river. It also features medallions of a palm tree and lion designed by Italian sculptor Rudolfo Nolli. Elgin Bridge is named after James B. Elgin, the Governor-General of India from 1862 to 1863.
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Former Empress Place Building (now Asian Civilisation Museum) 1864–1920 Asian Civilisations Museum Empress Place 00011 Empress Place Template:Coordinates Template:Dts The Empress Place Building started construction in 1864 even though it was approved in 1855. When it was completed in 1867, various government departments moved from Maxwell's House to this building, where it came to be known as the "Government Offices". It would later come to be known as the "Empress Place Building", which came from the nearby pedestrian space Empress Place and in turned named after the late Queen Victoria. It was continued to be used as a government building until the 1980s, where it was turned into a history and culture museum. Since 2003, it has been used for the Asian Civilisation Museum. The building features neoclassical details such as rusticated floors, arcaded verandahs, and Roman Doric façades and columns.
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Former Admiralty House 1940 School Old Nelson Road 0345345 Old Nelson Road Template:Coordinates Template:Dts Completed in 1940 by His Majesty Navy Works Department, it used to house the Commodore Superintendent of Sembawang Naval Base. After WWII, it was renamed several times – Nelson House after Vice-Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson where it became the residence of the Flag Officer in the Malayan area, Admiralty House in 1958 for the Commander-in-Chief of the Far East Station, and ANZUK House in 1971 when the Australian, New Zealand, and United Kingdom (ANZUK) force assumed responsibility for Singapore's defence. When Sembawang Shipyard took over the house after ANZUK left in 1975, it was used as a recreation club until 2006. It was renamed to the Former Admiralty House when it became a National Monument in 2002. The design of the two-storey building, often attributed to Sir Edwin L. Lutyens, has elements of the Arts and Crafts movement such as its exposed brick façade on the upper level, the asymmetry of the building, and its high-hipped roof with overhanging eaves. It is planned to be used for the Canberra Library as part of the Bukit Canberra integrated development.
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Former Attorney-General's Chambers (now Parliament House Block C) Template:Dts Government 1 Parliament Place Template:Dts
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Former Command House 1937–1938 University Kheam Hock Road 001717 Kheam Hock Road Template:Dts
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Former Ford Factory 1941 Museum Upper Bukit Timah Road 0315315 Upper Bukit Timah Road Template:Dts
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Raffles College c. 1920s School Waterloo Street 0024469E Bukit Timah Road Template:Dts
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Tanjong Pagar railway station 1932 Transportation Keppel Road 003030 Keppel Road Template:Dts
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Fort Siloso 1878 Wartime museum Sentosa Template:Dts
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Fullerton Building, currently The Fullerton Hotel Singapore (1867) 1928 Hotel Fullerton Square 00011 Fullerton Square Template:Dts
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Goodwood Park Hotel (Tower Block) 1900 Hotel Scotts Road 002222 Scotts Road Template:Dts
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Hill Street Police Station, Old 1934 Government Hill Street 0140140 Hill Street Template:Dts
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Hong San See 1908–1913 Temple Mohamed Sultan Road 003131 Mohamed Sultan Road Template:Dts
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House of Tan Yeok Nee 1885 Under restoration Clemenceau Avenue 0207207 Clemenceau Avenue Template:Dts
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The Istana 1867–1869 Government Orchard RoadOrchard Road Template:Dts
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Istana Kampong Glam, currently Malay Heritage Centre 1839–1843 Museum Sultan Gate85 Sultan Gate Template:Dts
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Jurong Town Hall 1971–1974 Commercial Jurong Town Hall Road9 Jurong Town Hall Road Template:Dts
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Keng Teck Whay 1847–1875 Temple Telok Ayer Street 0150150 Telok Ayer Street Template:Dts
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Lim Bo Seng Memorial 1954 Wartime memorial Connaught Dr Connaught Dr Template:Dts
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MacDonald House 1949 Commercial Orchard Road 0040A40A Orchard Road Template:Dts
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Maghain Aboth Synagogue 1878 Synagogue Waterloo Street 002424 Waterloo Street Template:Dts
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Masjid Abdul Gaffoor 1907 Mosque Dunlop Street 004141 Dunlop Street Template:Dts
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Masjid Al-Abrar 1829 Mosque Telok Ayer Street 0192192 Telok Ayer Street Template:Dts
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Masjid Alkaff Upper Serangoon 1932 Mosque Pheng Geck Avenue 6666 Pheng Geck Avenue Template:Dts
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Masjid Hajjah Fatimah 1846 Mosque Beach Road 40014001 Beach Road Template:Dts
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Masjid Jamae 1830 Mosque South Bridge Road 0218218 South Bridge Road Template:Dts
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Masjid Sultan 1928 Mosque Muscat Street 00033 Muscat Street Template:Dts
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Ministry of Labour Building, Old, currently the Subordinate Courts Family and Juvenile Division 1928 Government Havelock Square 00033 Havelock Square Template:Dts
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Nagore Durgha 1893 Shrine Telok Ayer Street 0140140 Telok Ayer Street Template:Dts
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Nanyang University Arch, Nanyang University Memorial and Nanyang University Library and Administration Building, currently the Chinese Heritage Centre 1954-1956 Arch, Memorial, Museum Yunnan CrescentYunnan Crescent, 42 Nanyang Avenue and 22 Nanyang Drive Template:Dts
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National Museum of Singapore 1887 Museum Stamford Road 009393 Stamford Road Template:Dts
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Parliament House and Annex Building, Old, currently The Arts House at the Old Parliament 1827 Arts Empress Place 001010 Empress Place Template:Dts, and Template:Dts
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Old Tao Nan School, currently the Peranakan Museum 1906 Museum Armenian Street 003939 Armenian Street Template:Dts
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Old Thong Chai Medical Institution 1892 Commercial Eu Tong Sen Street 005050 Eu Tong Sen Street Template:Dts
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Padang c. 1820s Multi-Purpose Venue Connaught Dr Template:Dts
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Prinsep Street Presbyterian Church 1931 Church Princep Street 007777 Prinsep Street Template:Dts
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Raffles College, Former, currently the Bukit Timah campus of National University of Singapore Template:Dts University Bukit Timah Road 0469469 Bukit Timah Road Template:Dts
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Raffles Hotel 1887 Hotel Beach Road 00011 Beach Road Template:Dts, and Template:Dts
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Saint Andrew's Cathedral 1856–1861 Church Saint Andrew's Road 001111 Saint Andrew's Road Template:Dts
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Saint George's Church 1910–1913 Church Minden Road 001010 Minden Road Template:Dts
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Saint James Power Station 1926 Office Sentosa Gateway 00033 Sentosa Gateway Template:Dts
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Saint Joseph's Church 1906–1912 Church Victoria Street 0143143 Victoria Street Template:Dts
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Saint Joseph's Institution, Former, now the Singapore Art Museum 1867 Museum Bras Basah Road 007171 Bras Basah Road Template:Dts
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Singapore Conference Hall Template:Dts Multi-Purpose Venue Shenton Way 0007 7 Shenton Way Template:Dts
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Siong Lim Temple 1902 Temple Jalan Toa Payoh 0184184 Jalan Toa Payoh Template:Dts
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Sri Mariamman Temple 1827 Temple South Bridge Road 0244244 South Bridge Road Template:Dts
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Sri Srinivasa Perumal Temple 1855 Temple Serangoon Road 0397397 Serangoon Road Template:Dts
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Sri Temasek 1867–1869 Government Orchard RoadOrchard Road Template:Dts
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Sri Thendayuthapani Temple 1859 Temple Tank Road 003015 Tank Road Template:Dts
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Sun Yat Sen Villa, currently the Sun Yat Sen Nanyang Memorial Hall 1880 Museum Tai Gin Road 001212 Tai Gin Road Template:Dts
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Supreme Court, Old, currently the National Gallery Singapore 1937–1939 Government Saint Andrew's Road 00011 Saint Andrew's Road Template:Dts
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Tan Kim Seng Fountain 1882 Wartime memorial Connaught Dr Connaught Dr Template:Dts
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Tan Si Chong Su 1876–1878 Temple Magazine Road 001515 Magazine Road Template:Dts
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Tan Teck Guan Building 1911 Government College Road 001616 College Road Template:Dts
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Telok Ayer Chinese Methodist Church 1924 Church Telok Ayer Street 0235235 Telok Ayer Street Template:Dts
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Telok Ayer Market, Former, currently Lau Pa Sat 1894 Food centre Raffles Quay 001818 Raffles Quay Template:Dts
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Thian Hock Keng 1839–1842 Temple Telok Ayer Street 0158158 Telok Ayer Street Template:Dts
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Tou Mu Kung Temple 1881 Temple Upper Serangoon Road 0779A779A Upper Serangoon Road Template:Dts
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Victoria Theatre and Concert Hall 1862 Arts Empress Place 00099 Empress Place Template:Dts
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Ying Fo Fui Kun 1881–1882 Clan Telok Ayer Street 009898 Telok Ayer Street Template:Dts
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Yueh Hai Ching Temple 1895 Temple Philip Street 0030B30B Philip Street Template:Dts
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Notes

Template:Notes

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

External links

Template:Sister project

̼Template:National monuments of Singapore Template:Authority control

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