Narrownose chimaera
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The narrownose chimaera (Harriotta raleighana) is a longnose chimaera of the family Rhinochimaeridae,[1] the longnose chimaeras, consisting of eight species belonging three genera.[2] This species is found in temperate seas worldwide, at depths between 200 and 3,100 m.[1] Its length is between 1.0 and 1.5 m, including a long, tapering snout and a long, filamentous tail.[3]
Taxonomy
This species was first described by George Brown Goode and Tarleton Hoffman Bean in 1895.[4] The genus Harriotta refers to Thomas Harriot and the species name references Sir Walter Raleigh.[1][4]
Description
Narrownose chimaeras have elongate rostra, slender tails, large pectoral and pelvic fins, large eyes, and two dorsal fins, the first being preceded by a mildly toxic spine.[2][4] They possess two pairs of non-replaceable tooth plates in the upper jaw and a one pair in the lower jaw.[5] Male H. raleighana are estimated to reach Template:Cvt and female Template:Cvt at maturity, respectively.[6]
Habitat
The narrownose chimaera is found off Nova Scotia and in much of the rest of the Atlantic Ocean,[7] and in parts of the Pacific Ocean to depths of 3100 metres.[2] Very little is known of their biology due to their deep water habitats.[5]
Reproduction
Longnose chimaeras are members of the class Chondrichthyes, diverging from their closest relatives (sharks, rays, and skates) approximately 400 million years ago.[8] Like many other Chondrichthyes, longnose chimaeras reproduce by laying eggs.[6] Egg cases consist of a central chamber surrounded by a web-like structure.[5] Female longnose chimaeras lay a pair of eggs several times per season.[8]
Conservation status
The IUCN has classified this species as being of least concern.[9] In June 2018 the New Zealand Department of Conservation classified the narrownose chimaera as "Not Threatened" under the New Zealand Threat Classification System.[10]
Gallery
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Illustration from paper giving the original description
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Harriotta raleighana in the Gulf of Mexico in 2012
References
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- ↑ a b c Didier, Dominique A. "Phylogeny and classification of extant Holocephali." Biology of sharks and their relatives 4 (2004): 115–138.
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- Harriotta
- Fish of East Asia
- Marine fish of West Africa
- Fish of the Western United States
- Marine fish of Brazil
- Fish of Iceland
- Fauna of the British Isles
- Taxa named by Tarleton Hoffman Bean
- Taxa named by George Brown Goode
- Fish described in 1895