Mount Bolu Tunnel
Template:Short description Template:Infobox tunnel
Mount Bolu Tunnel (Template:Langx) is a Template:Convert highway tunnel constructed through the Bolu Mountain in Turkey between Kaynaşlı, Düzce and Yumrukaya, Bolu.[1]
Construction
The tunnel is part of the Gümüşova-Gerede Highway O-4 / E80 within the Trans-European Motorway project, which was carried out by the Turkish Bayındır and Italian Astaldi joint venture since April 16, 1993.[2] The total cost of the tunnel is about US$300 million. It has twin Template:Convert bores carrying three lanes of traffic in each direction.
The tunnel crosses the North Anatolian Fault. The November 12, 1999 Düzce earthquake (MW=7.2) caused substantial damage to the tunnel and viaducts, which were under construction at the time of the earthquake.[2]
On September 4, 2005 the excavation of the tunnel in the Istanbul-Ankara direction was finished. The excavation for the tunnel in the Ankara-Istanbul direction was completed by the beginning of August 2005.
Opening to traffic
The Istanbul-Ankara direction (Template:Convert) was opened to traffic on January 23, 2007 by the Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Italian Prime Minister Romano Prodi.[2] Four months following the initial opening, on May 7, the Ankara-Istanbul direction (Template:Convert) became operational.[3][4]
Speed in the tunnel is limited to Template:Convert.[5] Dangerous goods carriers are not permitted to use the tunnel.[6]
See also
References
External links
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- Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering Server – Bolu Viaducts and Tunnel
- Ankara, Turkish Daily News – Mont Blanc sets example for Mt. Bolu Tunnel
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