Moon tree

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Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates

File:Bicentennial moon tree.jpg
Bicentennial Moon Tree, planted in 1975 in Washington Square, Philadelphia
File:MoonTreeArk.jpg
Moon Tree in front of Sebastian County Courthouse, in Fort Smith, Arkansas
File:Tree certificate.png
Certificate of Authenticity of the Moon Tree in Piedmont, South Carolina.
File:Moon Tree in Piedmont, South Carolina, 1980s.png
Moon Tree in Piedmont, South Carolina, 1980s
File:Moon tree plaque, Waycross, GA.jpg
Moon Tree, Waycross, Georgia
File:Plaque In and Moon Tree, Core Creek Park.jpg
Sycamore Moon Tree, planted in 1976 at Core Creek Park, Bucks County, Pennsylvania

Moon trees are trees grown from seeds taken into orbit around the Moon, initially by Apollo 14 in 1971, and later by Artemis I in 2022.[1] The idea was first proposed by Edward P. Cliff, then the Chief of the United States Forest Service, who convinced Stuart Roosa, the Command Module Pilot on the Apollo 14 mission, to bring a small canister containing about 500 seeds aboard the module in 1971. Seeds for the experiment were chosen from five species of tree: loblolly pine, sycamore, sweetgum, redwood, and Douglas fir.[2][3] In 2022, NASA announced it would be reviving the Moon tree program by carrying 1,000 seeds aboard Artemis I.[4]

History

After the flight, the seeds were sent to the southern Forest Service station in Gulfport, Mississippi, and to the western station in Placerville, California, with the intent to germinate them.[5] Nearly all the seeds germinated successfully, and after a few years, the Forest Service had about 420 seedlings. Some of these were planted alongside their Earth-bound counterparts, which were specifically set aside as controls. After more than 40 years, there was no discernible difference between the two classes of trees. Most of the Moon trees were given away in 1975 and 1976 to state forestry organizations, in order to be planted as part of the nation's bicentennial celebration. Since the trees were all of southern or western species, not all states received trees. A Loblolly Pine was planted at the White House, and trees were planted in Brazil, Switzerland, and presented to Emperor Hirohito, among others.[6]

File:MoonTreePlaque.jpg
Plaque at the base of the Fort Smith Moon Tree.

The locations of many of the trees that were planted from these seeds were largely unknown for decades. In 1996, a third-grade teacher, Joan Goble, and her students found a tree in their local area with a plaque identifying it as a Moon tree. Goble sent an email to NASA, and reached employee Dave Williams. Williams was unaware of the trees' existence, as were most of his colleagues at NASA. Upon doing some research, Williams found some old newspaper clippings that described the initial actions taken by Roosa to bring these seeds to space and home to be planted.[7]

Williams posted a page on NASA's official website asking for public help to find the trees. The page also contained a table listing the locations and species of known Moon trees. Williams began to hear from people around the United States who had seen trees with plaques identifying them as Moon trees. Williams began to manage a database listing details about such trees, including their location and species. In 2011, an article in Wired magazine described the effort, and provided Williams' email address, encouraging anyone to write who might have data on existing Moon trees.[8] As of 2022, efforts were continuing to identify and locate existing trees;[7] the NASA page remains active.[9]

In March 2021, the Royal Astronomical Society and the UK Space Agency asked for the help of the public to identify up to 15 Moon Trees that may be growing in the United Kingdom. As of April 2021, none of the trees that supposedly came to the UK have been identified.[10]

Current efforts

The Moon Tree Foundation is an organization run by Roosa's daughter, Rosemary, which seeks to plant Moon trees in regions around the world. The foundation sponsors and hosts ceremonies to plant new trees, with seeds produced by the original generation of trees that grew from the seeds carried by Roosa in 1971.[11]

File:Moontree goddard.jpg
Moon tree at the Goddard Space Flight Center

Locations

Apollo Moon Trees

Table key
† Indicates a tree that is no longer alive.
‡ Indicates the exact date of planting is unknown.

United States

City State Location Species Date planted Ref.
Salem Template:Flaglist Private Residence 2 Douglas Firs 1973 ‡
Wiggins Template:Flaglist Girl Scouts Camp Iti Kana Sycamore 1974 ‡ [12]
Starkville Template:Flaglist Dorman Hall, Mississippi State University Sycamore 1975 ‡ [13]
Philadelphia Template:Flaglist Washington Square Park Sycamore † May 6, 1975 [14]
Bethesda Template:Flaglist Society of American Foresters Loblolly Pine September 30, 1975 [15]
Princeton Template:Flaglist USDA Forestry Sciences Laboratory Sycamore October 18, 1975 [16]
Fort Smith Template:Flaglist Sebastian County Courthouse Loblolly Pine March 15, 1976 [17]
Little Rock Template:Flaglist Forestry Commission Headquarters Loblolly Pine † March 15, 1976 [18]
Monticello Template:Flaglist University of Arkansas at Monticello Loblolly Pine † March 15, 1976 [19]
Washington Template:Flaglist Historic Washington State Park Loblolly Pine March 15, 1976 [20]
Asheville Template:Flaglist Botanical Gardens at Asheville Sycamore March 19, 1976 [21]
College Station Template:Flaglist D. A. "Andy" Anderson Arboretum Sycamore † March 21, 1976 [22]
Birmingham Template:Flaglist Birmingham Botanical Gardens, near Lane Park Sycamore April 1976 ‡ [23]
Montgomery Template:Flaglist Alabama State Capitol Building Loblolly Pine April 1976 ‡ [24]
North Pembroke Template:Flaglist Pembroke Historical Society Sycamore † April 1976 ‡ [25]
Elmer Template:Flaglist Palustris Experiment Station, Kisatchie National Forest Loblolly Pine April 1976 ‡ [26]
Knoxville Template:Flaglist Forestry Experiment Station, University of Tennessee Loblolly Pine April 1976 ‡ [27]
Sewanee Template:Flaglist Woods Laboratories, University of the South Sycamore April 1976 ‡ [28]
Elizabethton Template:Flaglist Fort Watauga, Sycamore Shoals State Historic Area Sycamore † April 1976 ‡ [29]
Tullahoma Template:Flaglist Arnold Air Force Base Loblolly Pine † April 1976 ‡ [30]
Olympia Template:Flaglist Washington State Capitol Building Douglas Fir April 1976 ‡ [31]
Albuquerque Template:Flaglist Harry E. Kinney Civic Plaza Douglas Fir † April 7, 1976 [32]
Indianapolis Template:Flaglist Indiana Statehouse Sycamore April 9, 1976 [33]
Lansing Template:Flaglist Michigan State Capitol Building Sycamore † April 22, 1976 [34]
Wyoming Template:Flaglist Wyoming Police Department Sycamore † April 23, 1976 [35]
Niles Template:Flaglist Fernwood Botanical Gardens and Nature Preserve Sycamore April 23, 1976 [36]
Salt Lake City Template:Flaglist Utah State Capitol Building Douglas Fir † April 28, 1976 [37]
Flagstaff Template:Flaglist Frances Short Pond, formerly Flagstaff Junior High School Douglas Fir † April 30, 1976 [38]
Tucson Template:Flaglist Kuiper Space Sciences Building, University of Arizona Sycamore April 30, 1976 [39]
Des Moines Template:Flaglist Iowa State Capitol Building Sycamore April 30, 1976 [40]
Middletown Template:Flaglist Core Creek Park Sycamore April 30, 1976 [41]
Salem Template:Flaglist Oregon State Capitol Building Douglas Fir April 30, 1976 [42]
Hampton Template:Flaglist Albert W. Patrick III, Elementary School Sycamore April 30, 1976 [43]
Arcata Template:Flaglist California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt 3 Redwoods May 1976 ‡ [44]
Athens Template:Flaglist Athens-Clarke County Planning Department Loblolly Pine May 1976 ‡ [45]
Lincoln City Template:Flaglist Lincoln State Park Sycamore May 1, 1976 [46]
Roseburg Template:Flaglist Roseburg Veteran Affairs Medical Center Douglas Fir May 3, 1976 [47]
Hollidaysburg Template:Flaglist Highland Hall Sycamore May 5, 1976 [48]
Boise Template:Flaglist Idaho State Capitol Building Douglas Fir † May 7, 1976 [49]
Capitan Template:Flaglist Smokey Bear State Park Sycamore † May 15, 1976 [50]
Topton Template:Flaglist Borough Hall Sycamore June 20, 1976 [51]
Cape Canaveral Template:Flaglist Kennedy Space Center Sycamore † June 25, 1976 [52]
Ebensburg Template:Flaglist Cambria County Courthouse Sycamore June 29, 1976 [53]
King of Prussia Template:Flaglist Lockheed Martin Space Systems Building Sycamore June 30, 1976 [54]
Missoula Template:Flaglist University Center Mall, University of Montana Douglas Fir July 17, 1976 [55]
New Orleans Template:Flaglist NASA Michoud Assembly Facility Loblolly Pine † July 20, 1976 [56]
Santa Fe Template:Flaglist New Mexico State Capitol Building Douglas Fir July 22, 1976 [57]
Atchison Template:Flaglist International Forest of Friendship Sycamore July 24, 1976 [58]
Berkeley Template:Flaglist Northwest area of Tilden Nature Area 2 Redwoods July 26, 1976 [59]
Monterey Template:Flaglist Friendly Plaza, near Colton Hall Redwood July 27, 1976 [60]
Steubenville Template:Flaglist Friendship Park Sycamore July 29, 1976 [61]
San Luis Obispo Template:Flaglist Mission Plaza Redwood July 30, 1976 [62]
Troy Template:Flaglist Pioneer Museum of Alabama Loblolly Pine August 5, 1976 [63]
Silver City Template:Flaglist Gough Park Sycamore August 14, 1976 [64]
Alamogordo Template:Flaglist New Mexico Museum of Space History Sycamore † October 5, 1976 [65]
Brevard Template:Flaglist Cradle of Forestry, Pisgah National Forest Sycamore October 18, 1976 [66]
Tuscumbia Template:Flaglist Ivy Green, historic monument and birthplace of Helen Keller Loblolly Pine October 19, 1976 [67]
Auburn Template:Flaglist G.W. Andrews Forestry Sciences Lab, Auburn University Loblolly Pine † October 22, 1976 [68]
Huntsville Template:Flaglist U.S. Space and Rocket Center 5 Sycamores, 2 Pines * October 29, 1976 [69]
Tuskegee Template:Flaglist Veteran Affairs Hospital (CAVHCS) Loblolly Pine † 1976 ‡ [23]
Sacramento Template:Flaglist California State Capitol Building Redwood April 21, 1976 [70]
El Dorado Hills Template:Flaglist St. Stephen's Lutheran Church Redwood † 1976 ‡ [71]
Tallahassee Template:Flaglist Florida Department of Agriculture Loblolly Pine 1976 ‡ [72]
Waycross Template:Flaglist Okefenokee Regional Educational Service Agency Loblolly Pine 1976 ‡ [73]
Cannelton Template:Flaglist Girl Scouts Camp Koch Sycamore 1976 ‡ [54]
Tell City Template:Flaglist Hoosier National Forest Service Office 2 Sweetgums 1976 ‡ [74]
Monmouth Template:Flaglist Monmouth County Courthouse Sycamore † 1976 ‡ [75]
Clyde Template:Flaglist Disc Golf Course, Haywood Community College Sycamore 1976 ‡ [76]
Draper Template:Flaglist Lone Peak Conservation Center Sycamore 1976 ‡ [77]
Columbus Template:Flaglist Franklin Park Conservatory Sycamore † 1976 ‡ [78]
Corvallis Template:Flaglist Peavy Hall, Oregon State University Douglas Fir 1976 ‡ [79]
Cave Junction Template:Flaglist Siskiyou Smokejumper Base, Illinois Valley Airport Douglas Fir † 1976 ‡ [80]
Eugene Template:Flaglist Erb Memorial Union, University of Oregon Douglas Fir 1976 ‡ [81]
Doswell Template:Flaglist Kings Dominion Amusement Park 2 Sycamores (1 dead) 1976 ‡ [82]
Washington, D.C. Template:Flaglist Rose Garden, White House Loblolly Pine † January 19, 1977 [5]
San Dimas Template:Flaglist San Dimas Technology and Development Center Redwood March 29, 1977 [83]
Gainesville Template:Flaglist University of Florida Sycamore 1977 ‡ [84]
Boise Template:Flaglist Lowell Elementary School Loblolly Pine 1977 ‡ [85]
Greenbelt Template:Flaglist Goddard Space Flight Center Sycamore June 9, 1977 [86]
Perry Template:Flaglist Forest Capital Museum State Park Loblolly Pine April 29, 1978 [87]
Hamilton Template:Flaglist Scott Jenkins Memorial Park Sweetgum September 1978 ‡ [88]
Westlake Template:Flaglist Private Residence Sycamore 1978 ‡ [89]
Lockeford Template:Flaglist Lockeford Plant Materials Center Redwood 1979 ‡ [90]
Dillsburg Template:Flaglist Dillsburg Elementary School Sycamore April 29, 1983 [91]
New Orleans Template:Flaglist New Orleans River Walk Loblolly Pine † June 1983 ‡ [25]
Holliston Template:Flaglist Holliston Police Station Sycamore 1982 ‡ [92]
Keystone Heights Template:Flaglist Keystone Heights Library Sycamore 1984 ‡ [93]
Plano Template:Flaglist Plano Senior High School Sycamore † November 4, 2009 [94]
Tallahassee Template:Flaglist Cascades Park Sycamore Unknown ‡ [95]
Moscow Template:Flaglist Administration Building, University of Idaho Sycamore † Unknown ‡ [96]
Waynesboro Template:Flaglist Forestry Commission Nursery Sycamore Unknown ‡ [89]
DeSoto Template:Flaglist Walthers Park Sycamore Unknown ‡ [97]
Elkton Template:Flaglist D.L. Phipps State Forest Nursery Douglas Fir Unknown ‡ [98]
Coudersport Template:Flaglist Coudersport Area Recreational Park Sycamore Unknown ‡ [99]
Piedmont Template:Flaglist Private Residence Sycamore Unknown ‡ [100]
File:Moon Tree in Keystone Heights Florida.jpg
A Moon Tree in Keystone Heights, Florida

Other countries

City Country Location Species Date planted Ref.
Brasília Template:Flaglist Institute for Environment and Natural Renewable Resources Sweetgum January 14, 1980 [101]
Santa Rosa Template:Flaglist Soybean Fairgrounds, Parque Municipal de Exposições Redwood August 18, 1981 [102]
Cambará do Sul Template:Flaglist St. Joseph Central Square Redwood September 26, 1982 [103]

Artemis Moon Trees

Distribution of Artemis moon trees began in the spring of 2024.[104]

United States

City State Location Species Date planted Ref.
Raleigh Template:Flaglist North Carolina Executive Mansion Loblolly Pine April 24, 2024 [105]
Mount Gilead Template:Flaglist Mount Gilead Community Garden Loblolly Pine June 3, 2024 [106]
New Canaan Template:Flaglist South Elementary School Sycamore April 27, 2024 [107]
Shelbyville Template:Flaglist Collins High School Sycamore or Sweetgum May 10, 2024 [108][109]
New Paltz Template:Flaglist SUNY Campus Sweetgum May 23, 2024 [110][111]
Manchester Template:Flaglist Barnstead Elementary School Sycamore May 24, 2024 [112]
Tecumseh Template:Flaglist Tecumseh South Elementary School Sweetgum May 28, 2024 [113][114]
Cedar Rapids Template:Flaglist Metro High School Sycamore May 30, 2024 [115]
Cedar City Template:Flaglist Southern Utah University Sweetgum May 2024 [116]
Washington, D.C. Template:Flaglist U.S. Capital Building grounds Sweetgum June 4, 2024 [117]
Menomonie Template:Flaglist Rassbach Museum Sycamore June 2024 [118]
Green Cove Springs Template:Flaglist UF IFAS Clay County Extension Office Loblolly Pine August 22, 2024 [119]
Pittsburgh Template:Flaglist Allegheny Observatory, Riverside Park Sweetgum October 3, 2024 [120]
Young Harris Template:Flaglist Young Harris College Loblolly Pine October 29, 2024 [121]
West Windsor Template:Flaglist West Windsor-Plainsboro High School South Sweetgum 2024 [122][123]
Huntsville Template:Flaglist Monte Sano State Park Loblolly Pine March 20, 2025 [124]

See also

References

Template:Reflist

External links

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ a b We Almost Forgot About the Moon Trees: A collection of tree seeds that went round and round the moon was scattered far and wide back home, by Marina Koren. The seeds orbited the Moon, but were not landed on it. The Atlantic, January 31, 2022.
  8. ↑ The Mystery of the Missing Moon Trees: 15 years after NASA astronomer David Williams started searching for them, hundreds of trees grown from space-faring seeds are still missing. The moon trees, whose seeds circled the moon 34 times in Apollo 14 astronaut Stuart Roosa‘s pocket, were welcomed back to Earth with great fanfare in 1971. February 10, 2011, wired.com.
  9. ↑ The "Moon Trees", official NASA website, accessed February 3, 2022.
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Moon tree Planting ceremony, official website of Moon Tree Foundation, accessed February 3, 2022.
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  54. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  55. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  89. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  111. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  120. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  122. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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